This book explains the continuity of economic openness using India as a case study. Arguing that open-economy policies in India were made, justified, and continued on the basis of the idea of openness much more than its tangible effect, it explains what sustained the idea of openness, what philosophy, interpretations of history, and types of rhetoric gave it support, justification, and persuasive force.

This volume brings together cutting-edge research in the field of Indian foreign policy both at the theoretical and empirical level.

This book follows up on the author’s popular previous volume on Indian development planning and policy, published under the UNU WIDER series in development economics. It first introduces an evaluation of the newly mandated policy body of India, National Institution for Transforming India (also called the NITI Aayog), which replaced the erstwhile Planning Commission. As per the government site, NITI Aayog is the premier policy ‘Think Tank’ of the Government of India, providing both directional and policy inputs. While designing strategic and long term policies and programmes for the Government of India, NITI Aayog also provides relevant technical advice to the Centre and States.The book goes on to critically describe and analyse the think tank’s policies in sectors like population, demographics and poverty; agriculture and industry; and infrastructure. Lastly, the concluding chapter discusses appropriate future policies. The approach is to analyse the policy stance of the present Government in India as stated in recent official documents and to see if it has any relationship with past plans in terms of concepts or program details. In addition to the policy makers, the book is a must have resource for students of development economics, particularly of India, and provides a critical account of policies for emerging economies.

A lucid and brilliantly-argued book on India's recent economic reforms Nearly fifty years after independence, India remains a very poor country. It ranks near the bottom in terms of per capita income, and is similarly placed in the Human Develoent Index which measures social well-being. Economic growth in India has been less than half that of China or even other countries in Asia. And governments, at the Centre as well as in the states, are close to insolvency. The reason for our spectacular underachievement lies in the continuation of policies which had a certain validity as a response to the colonial experience, but which have long outlived their usefulness. The global economic scene has changed dramatically since they were formulated, and we must respond to the new realities. Bimal Jalan, the well known economist and present Governor of the RBI, in this lucid and well-argued book, makes a case for governments doing what they alone can best do, and less of what they cannot do effectively.

This study of India's political economy provides a thorough examination of one critique of globalization, that it causes economic segmentation, and possibly disintegration, of the national economy as some sectors benefit and others are left behind. Economic segmentation is the breaking up of national markets, resulting in distinct winners and losers. Nayar's examination challenges this critique by demonstrating that, on balance, the active role of the Indian state in the areas of economic planning, fiscal federalism, and tax reform has resulted in improved economic integration, not increased segmentation. Similarly, his investigation of trade, investment, entrepreneurship, and migration, all reveal tendencies inherent in the market in favor of economic integration, especially when assisted by the state. Nayar's findings lead to the conclusion that while globalization both offers benefits (greater economic growth) and involves costs (external shocks), India's experience since its opening in 1991 suggests that India has benefited from, more than been victimized, by globalization.

A work achieved under the auspices of Indian Council of social Science Research.

It Is The Power And Power Alone That Counts. Achievement, Expansion And Demonstration Of Power Are The Key Characteristics Of All International Relations. It Is An All-Pervasive Phenomenon. This Book Has Beautifully Summarized Various Connotations Of Power. India Has A Vast Potential Of Its Own And Its Economic, Political And Military Interests Cover Areas Far Beyond Asia. With Its Scientific And Material Resources, Its Size And Its Strategic Location, India Is Already An Important Member Of The International Community. If It Keeps Growing Economically At A Fast Rate, India Will Certainly Increase Its Weight In International And Regional Affairs And Be Able To Enhance Its Power Posture. The Present Book India S Foreign Policy In The New Millennium Is Indeed A Comprehensive Discourse On India S Foreign Policy. It Chiefly Focuses On Post-Cold War Global Forces, Viz. Globalization, Nuclearization, Hegemonism, Economic Diplomacy, Women S Empowerment Etc. It Brilliantly Examines Core Values Of India S Foreign Policy As Well As The Factors Affecting Such Policy At National, Regional And Global Levels. In The End, It Categorically Mentions The Strategies Best Suited To India, In Order To Get A Major Power Status. This Unusual Work Is Well Knit, Has Simple Language And Is Able To Engender Interest Even Among The People Who Are Not Familiar With The Country S Foreign Policy. Thus, This Book Will Facilitate Such People Develop Their Understanding Of And Insight Into India S Foreign Policy. Besides, This Wide-Ranging Book Will, Undoubtedly, Serve As A Resource Book For Policymakers As Well As Analysts And Act As A Guide For Scholars And Students Of Foreign Policy And International Relations.

In this book, Sanjaya Baru, one of India’s most respected commentators on political and economic issues, pays close attention to the strategic consequences of India’s increasingly impressive economic performance. The new turn in India's economic policies and performance in the last decade of the twentieth century; the success of Indian enterprise in the post-WTO world; the emergence of a confident professional middle-class; a demonstrated nuclear capability; and the resilience of an open society and an open economy, in the face of multiple and complex challenges, have all shaped India's response to the tectonic shifts in the global balance of power in the post-Cold War era. In this collection of academic essays and newspaper columns, Baru explores the business of diplomacy and the diplomacy of business in a rising India. The role of India's cultural and intellectual 'soft power' in shaping global perceptions of India are examined. The book offers a panoramic view of the geopolitics and the geo-economics of India's recent rise as a free market democracy, and as such will interest both experts and lay readers.

India is the second most populous country in the world and also one of the poorest. From the late 1940s to 1980, India's per capita income grew at an average annual rate of only two percent. Expansionist economic reforms during the 1980s boosted economic growth but also unfortunately resulted in high inflation and a balance of payments crisis. As a consequence, in 1991 the government announced sweeping new changes in economic policies. Economic Policy Reforms and the Indian Economy evaluates the effects of those changes and identifies areas of the Indian economy still in urgent need of reform. After an overview of Indian economic policies and development since independence, papers focus on the country's fiscal situation, the environment for private economic activity, education, the reservation of certain activities for small-scale industry, and determinants of differentials in rates of growth across the different Indian states. Contributors include respected academic specialists on India and policy reform, high-level Indian administrators, and present and past policymakers.

'Attitudinal change' in the context of economic reforms has been referred to in Rodrik and Subramanian (2005), DeLong (2003), Kohli (1989), and Panagariya (2004, 2008). This dissertation provides empirical support for this literature, establishing an earlier start for India's economic policy liberalisation than presented in stylized accounts. It demonstrates the endogenous nature of the origins of these policy shifts. 'Attitudinal change' literature had directed attention to the need for further research into India's policy changes of the early 1980s and for studying broader comparability issues in other developing countries. This research makes a contribution towards filling these gaps. This dissertation shows that India started its economic liberalisation under the Indira Gandhi administration from 1980 to 1984. These findings depart from the conventional view that India's economic policy changes were initiated by the Narasimha Rao government in 1991, or by the Rajiv Gandhi administration in the mid to late 1980s. The dissertation establishes that policy shifts of the early 1980s had endogenous origins in the political leadership's attitudinal changes. The Indira Gandhi administration of the early 1980s revisited the statist policies of its previous tenure from 1966 to 1977. The new approach entailed more openness towards private enterprise, scaling back the role of the public sector, and starting India's integration into the global economy. The dissertation also discusses the comparable role of attitudinal changes at the start of China's policy liberalisation led by Deng Xiaoping from 1978 to 1982. It focuses on the significance and challenges faced by China's political leadership in bringing about societal attitudinal change. The dissertation concludes by drawing comparisons between India and China, developing a linkage between their endogenous attitudinal changes and economic policy liberalisation.