This book provides a comparative analysis of the concept and concrete application of the system of indirect review of administrative action. The indirect review of administrative action is a judicial review mechanism that permits re-visiting already settled administrative measures. As an indirect way of challenging the validity of a measure or act by attacking the legal basis on which it is founded, it can regard either general acts or individual acts and measures. This book explores whether the system of indirect review is a suitable remedy for modern administrative justice, assessing whether it fairly balances the legality and the legal certainty principles. It examines the tension between the two principles and seeks to establish what the standards of review are and whether a common European trend can be discerned by analysing the theory and practice from jurisdictions in Western and Eastern Europe, as well as the EU legal system. The book will be a valuable resource for academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the areas of Administrative Law, EU law, and Public Administration.

Judicial control of public power ensures a guarantee of the rule of law. This book addresses the scope and limits of judicial control at the national level, i.e. the control of public authorities, and at the supranational level, i.e. the control of States. It explores the risk of judicial review leading to judicial activism that can threaten the principle of the separation of powers or the legitimate exercise of state powers. It analyzes how national and supranational legal systems have embodied certain mechanisms, such as the principles of reasonableness, proportionality, deference and margin of appreciation, as well as the horizontal effects of human rights that help to determine how far a judge can go. Taking a theoretical and comparative view, the book first examines the conceptual bases of the various control systems and then studies the models, structural elements, and functions of the control instruments in selected countries and regions. It uses country and regional reports as the basis for the comparison of the convergences and divergences of the implementation of control in certain countries of Europe, Latin America, and Africa. The book’s theoretical reflections and comparative investigations provide answers to important questions, such as whether or not there are nascent universal principles concerning the control of public power, how strong the impact of particular legal traditions is, and to what extent international law concepts have had harmonizing and strengthening effects on internal public-power control.

"The traditional state model, based on a domestic approach to rule of law, is currently evolving towards a new one, where international factors and relations play a prominent role. This trend is also characterized by the pre-eminence of executive powers, along with a weakening of parliamentary balances and judicial controls. This work seeks to answer two essential questions concerning the rule of law: how can citizens challenge public decisions affecting them, and what kinds of public decisions can be judicially controlled. Two groups of legal regulations are considered in this analysis: the so-called European legal tradition, covering nine national laws strongly influenced by Council of Europe legal standards since 1950, and the more recent body of European Union law. The authors conclude that the issue of individual guarantees vis-à-vis public powers should be carefully monitored in Europe."--

Administrative Law: Cases and Materials is the product of a longstanding collaboration by a distinguished group of authors, each with extensive experience in the teaching, scholarship, and practice of administrative law. The Eighth Edition preserves the book’s distinctive features of functional organization and extensive use of case studies, with no sacrifice in doctrinal comprehensiveness or currency. By organizing over half of the book under the generic administrative functions of policymaking, adjudication, enforcement, and licensing, the book illuminates the common features of diverse administrative practices and the interconnection of otherwise disparate doctrines. Scattered throughout the book, case studies present leading judicial decisions in their political, legal, institutional, and technical context, thereby providing the reader with a much fuller sense of the reality of administrative practice and the important policy implications of seemingly technical legal doctrines. At the same time, the Eighth Edition fully captures the headline-grabbing nature of federal administrative practice in today’s politically divided world. New to the Eighth Edition: New insight into the thinking of the Supreme Court’s newest Justices on crucial separation-of-powers questions (especially in excerpts from the Gundy, Kisor, and PHH cases) Multiple excerpts from the controversial citizenship-question Census case Excerpts of judicial responses to Trump Administration initiatives in immigration and environmental law Multiple excerpts from the DAPA case (Texas v. US), as a platform for considering the fate of the DACA program and other immigration controversies Comprehensive updates of materials on Chevron deference, arbitrary-capricious review, substantial evidence review, reviewability of agency action, the appointment and supervision of ALJs, and presidential oversight of rulemaking Professors and students will benefit from: The “case study” approach that illuminates the background policy and organizational context of many leading cases. The functional organization of materials in Part Two which enable instructors to show how doctrinal issues are shaped by functional context. Theoretical materials presented at the beginning of the book that provide a useful template for probing issues throughout the course. A text that is designed to be easily adaptable for use as an advanced course and in schools that have a first-year Legislation and Regulation course. Units that are organized so that many class sessions can focus on a single leading case, reducing the problem of “factual overload” that characterizes many administrative law courses. The case study approach that helps students understand the context within which doctrinal issues arise and the way in which those issues affect important matters of public policy. Reorganization of Part Two to convey a deeper understanding of the characteristic functions performed by administrative agencies.

This volume analyses, for the first time in European studies, the impact that non-legally binding material (otherwise known as soft law) has on national courts and administration. The study is founded on empirical work undertaken by the European Network of Soft Law Research (SoLaR), across ten EU Member States, in competition policy, financial regulation, environmental protection and social policy. The book demonstrates that soft law is taken into consideration at the national level and it clarifies the extent to which soft law can have legal and practical effects for individuals and national authorities. The national case studies highlight the points of convergence or divergence in the way in which judges and administrators approach soft law, while reflecting on the reasons for and consequences of various national practices. A series of horizontal studies connect this research to the rich literature on new modes of governance, by revisiting traditional theories on soft law, and by reflecting on the potential of such instruments to undermine or to foster rule of law values.

Administrative Law provides a sophisticated but highly accessible account of a complex area of law of great contemporary relevance and increasing importance. Written in a clear and flowing style, the text has been radically reorganized and extensively rewritten to present administrative law as a framework for public administration. After an exploration of the nature, province, and sources of administrative law as well as the concept of administrative justice, the book briefly discusses the institutional framework of public administration. The second part of the book deals with the normative framework of public administration, starting with a general discussion of administrative tasks and functions and then examining in some detail norms relating to administrative procedure and openness, decision-makers' reasoning processes and the substance of administrative decisions. The next topic is the private law framework provided by the law of tort, contract, and restitution. The third part of the book provides an account of institutions and mechanisms of accountability by which the framework of public administration is policed and enforced: judicial review and appeals by courts and tribunals, bureaucratic and parliamentary oversight, and investigations by ombudsmen. This part ends by considering how these various mechanisms fit into the administrative justice system. The final part of the book explores the functions of administrative law and its impact on administration.

The fourth edition of this well established and highly regarded work on EU law maintains its character by combining comprehensive yet accessible coverage with in-depth analysis of the law and student-friendly pedagogy. It is fully up to date so encompassing critical examination of new important judgments of EU and national courts and developments in institutional, constitutional and substantive EU Law. The book keeps its unique style in that it is both a textbook and a casebook. Case summaries are highlighted in colour-tinted boxes for ease of reference, and are accompanied by key facts and critical analysis, often in the light of subsequent developments. The student-friendly approach is enhanced by market-driven pedagogical features, including: Concise outlines, at the beginning of each chapter describing its content and assisting in revision; An aide-mémoire, often presented in diagrammatic form, at the end of each chapter to highlight and reinforce key points; End of chapter recommended reading lists to encourage and facilitate further research; End of chapter problem and essay questions testing the students’ ability to apply what they have learnt; Cross-references to show how topics are interrelated; and A map identifying EU Member States, candidate States; and, potential candidate States. The book’s companion website offers a range of teaching and learning resources including an interactive timeline of the EU, useful web links, self-test questions and much more. This book is essential reading for those studying EU law on both undergraduate and postgraduate courses and will be of interest to students of political science, social science and business studies.

About the book This book deals with the general rules of Interpretation and topics covered by the four main enactments pertaining to indirect taxes namely Customs, Central Excise, Services Tax and GST. It also covers the general provisions relating to taxation such as classification, valuation and demand pertaining to short recovery and refund of the excess payment. It also covers the topics such as strict liability, Res judicata, other general concepts of law, relating to taxation such as rule of stare decisis and exceptions to the rule of stare decisis. Key features Concepts of interpretation of tax statutes lucidly explained Exclusive chapter on: - GST - Service Tax Exhaustive coverage on Natural Justice and theory of precedent Special emphasis on the decisions of the CESTAT on all the topics Comprehensive coverage of cases on: - Levy of Customs, Central Excise, Service tax and GST - Classification of goods and services - Exemptions - Valuation of goods and services - CENVAT Credit/Input Tax Credit - Recovery of Tax dues - Refund/Rebate - Small Scale Exemption