An examination of the theoretical foundations of the kinetics and thermodynamics of solid-liquid interfaces, as well as state-of-the-art industrial applications, this book presents information on surface and colloidal chemical processes and evaluates vital analytical tools such as atomic force microscopy, surface force apparatus measurements, and p

The present set of lectures and tutorial reviews deals with various topical aspects related to instabilities of interfacial processes and driven flows from both the theoretical and experimental point of views. New research has been spurred by demands for many applications in material sciences (melting, solidification, electro deposition), biomedical engineering and processing in microgravity environments. This book is intended as both a modern source of reference for researchers in the field as well as an introduction to postgraduate students and non-specialists from related areas.

Many tribologists are today not only explicitly concerned with interface action but also with interface composition. This proceedings volume presents a timely review on topics ranging from interface dynamics to interface elimination, covering all factors such as contact stress fields, interface rheology, and boundary slip, that control the passage from formation to elimination. The volume contains 45 papers divided into 13 sessions, that were presented at the symposium.

This book deals with almost every aspect of liquid sloshing dynamics.

The phase transformation from liquid to solid is a phenomenon central to a wide range of manufacturing and natural processes. The presence of phase transformation can drive convection in the melt through the liberation of latent heat, the rejection of solute, and the change of density upon freezing. The fluid mechanics itself can playa central role; the phase transformation can be strongly altered by convective transport in the liquid through the modification of the thermal and solutal environment of the solid-liquid interface; these local fields control the freezing characteristics at the interface. The convection can be generated naturally by buoyancy forces arising from gradients of temperature and concentration in the liquid, by density changes upon freezing, and by thermocapillary and solutocapillary forces on liquid-solid interfaces. The interactive coupling between solidification and convection forms the subject of this volume. Such coupled processes are significant on a large range of scales. Among the applications of interest are the manufacture of single crystals, the processing of surfaces using laser or molecular beams, and the processes of soldering and welding. One wants to understand and predict macrosegregation in castings, transport and fractionation in geological and geophysical systems, and heat accumulation in energy redistribution and storage systems. This volume contains papers presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Interactive Dynamics of Convection and Solidification" held in Chamonix, France, March 8-13, 1992.

Mobility Gradient of Polystyrene in Films Supported on Solid Substrates, by Yoshihisa Fujii, Hiroshi Morita, Atsushi Takahara and Keiji Tanaka Probing Properties of Polymers in Thin Films Via Dewetting, by Günter Reiter Heterogeneous and Aging Dynamics in Single and Stacked Thin Polymer Films, by Koji Fukao, Takehide Terasawa, Kenji Nakamura, Daisuke Tahara Heterogeneous Dynamics of Polymer Thin Films as Studied by Neutron Scattering, by Rintaro Inoue and Toshiji Kanaya

Dynamic Mechanical and Creep-Recovery Behaviour of Polymer-Based Composites: Mechanical and Mathematical Modeling covers mathematical modelling, dynamic mechanical analysis, and the ways in which various factors impact the creep-recovery behaviour of polymer composites. The effects of polymer molecular weight, plasticizers, cross-linking agents, and chemical treatment of filler material are addressed and information on thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer-based composites is also covered, including their various applications and the advantages and disadvantages of their use in different settings. The final 2 chapters of the book cover mathematical modeling of creep-recovery behavior for polymer composites and software-based simulation of creep-recovery in polymer composites, respectively. Dynamic Mechanical and Creep-Recovery Behaviour of Polymer-Based Composites: Mechanical and Mathematical Modeling covers mathematical modelling, dynamic mechanical analysis, and the ways in which various factors impact the creep-recovery behaviour of polymer composites. The effects of polymer molecular weight, plasticizers, cross-linking agents, and chemical treatment of filler material are addressed and information on thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer-based composites is also covered, including their various applications and the advantages and disadvantages of their use in different settings. The final 2 chapters of the book cover mathematical modeling of creep-recovery behavior for polymer composites and software-based simulation of creep-recovery in polymer composites, respectively. - Analyzes the dynamic mechanical and creep-recovery behaviors of thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer composites in a variety of applications - Features diverse mechanical/mathematical models utilized to fit data collected from creep-recovery studies - Covers various factors that influence dynamic mechanical properties - Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using these materials in different settings

Advanced Characterization of Nanostructured Materials — Probing the Structure and Dynamics with Synchrotron X-Rays and Neutrons is a collection of chapters which review the characterization of the structure and internal dynamics of a wide variety of nanostructured materials using various synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering techniques. It is intended for graduate students and researchers who might be interested in learning about and applying these methods. The authors are well-known practitioners in their fields of research who provide detailed and authoritative accounts of how these techniques have been applied to study systems ranging from thin films and monolayers on solid surfaces and at liquid-air, liquid-liquid and solid-liquid interfaces; nanostructured composite materials; battery materials, and catalytic materials. While there have been a great many books published on nanoscience, there are relatively few that have discussed in one volume detailed synchrotron X-ray and neutron methods for advanced characterization of nanomaterials in thin films, composite materials, catalytic and battery materials and at interfaces. This book should provide an incentive and a reference for researchers in nanomaterials for using these techniques as a powerful way to characterize their samples. It should also help to popularize the use of synchrotron and neutron facilities by the nanoscience community.

Functionality of Food Proteins: Mechanisms, Modifications, Methods of Assessment and Applications provides researchers and users of plant-based proteins with the latest developments on their functionality at the molecular and ingredient level, and in food applications. The book discusses the biological, chemical and physical principles behind the techno-functional and nutritional properties of proteins, existing methods of functionality assessment, and protein modification for functional enhancement. With market demand for protein ingredients, several lesser known sources are being utilized to develop new protein ingredients and products, with some intended to replace, partially or wholly, traditional proteins such as egg, milk, meat, soy and vital gluten. Depending on the source and processing into ingredients, the ability of these proteins to satisfy techno-functional and nutritional requirements in the final food product may differ. Science-based knowledge is needed in the area of protein functionality for making decisions along the value chain, from production on the land to processing and formulation. - Provides fundamentals of the properties that contribute to functionality (nutritional and techno-functional properties) of proteins in food systems and their relationship to protein molecular structure - Describes fundamentals of the assessment of functional properties of protein with existing definitions and food systems - Explores fundamentals of modification strategies employed to alter nutritional and techno-functional properties to enhance value of proteins in food - Includes examples of plant protein-based products (in food systems) in which the role of nutritional and techno-functional properties is described