Master's Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 2,0, Reutlingen University (Business Adminstration), language: English, abstract: The global financial and economic crises resulted for many corporations in a downgraded credit rating within the last 2 to 3 years. Even a large percentage of them defaulted on their credit obligations due to inherent operational factors. The importance of credit ratings will play an even more central role under the currently discussed New Basel Capital Accord (Basel III) (Standard & Poor ́s 2010; Basel III For Global Banks). The purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between long term credit ratings and selected financial ratios that can be derived by public information. Such information can be very valuable for companies in order to have a slight control over their credit rating obtained by rating agencies as well as in negotiations with banks and other outside creditors. The research design is based on three automotive manufacturers and involves their credit rating over the last decade. The data for the financial ratios was collected from respective financial statements. The study is based on a correlation and multiple regression analysis using the MINITAB (Minitab Data Analysis Software, Pennsylvania USA) software as a statistical platform. A step wise approach determined the regression equation with the highest significance. The equations were used to detect those variables that have the strongest impact on the credit rating. The results for automotive companies with a solid statistical data set are surprisingly high in significance with an adjusted coefficient of determination of over 90%. Overall it is not feasible to mention which one of the seventeen financial ratios explains the variation in credit rating most reliable, because such a statement depends always on the individual company. For example to explain the changes in the rating for the Ford Motor Company, the following six ratios turned out to be the most significant ones: total equity to total assets; sales to fixed assets; sales to inventory; net income to total equity; total equity to long term liabilities and EBIT to sales. Each regression equation consisted mostly of different financial ratios. Apart from the fact that financial information is only one aspect of the credit rating determination process, the attained results are valid and valuable insights for all external and internal rating analysts. The global financial and economic crises resulted for many corporations in a downgraded credit rating within the last 2 to 3 years. [...]

Ratings, Rating Agencies and the Global Financial System brings together the research of economists at New York University and the University of Maryland, along with those from the private sector, government bodies, and other universities. The first section of the volume focuses on the historical origins of the credit rating business and its present day industrial organization structure. The second section presents several empirical studies crafted largely around individual firm-level or bank-level data. These studies examine (a) the relationship between ratings and the default and recovery experience of corporate borrowers, (b) the comparability of credit ratings made by domestic and foreign rating agencies, and (c) the usefulness of financial market indicators for rating banks, among other topics. In the third section, the record of sovereign credit ratings in predicting financial crises and the reaction of financial markets to changes in credit ratings is examined. The final section of the volume emphasizes policy issues now facing regulators and credit rating agencies.

A thorough introduction to corporate finance from a renowned professor of finance and banking As globalization redefines the field of corporate finance, international and domestic finance have become almost inseparably intertwined. It's increasingly difficult to understand what is happening in capital markets without a firm grasp of currency markets, the investment strategies of sovereign wealth funds, carry trade, and foreign exchange derivatives products. International Corporate Finance offers thorough coverage of the international monetary climate, including Islamic finance, Asian banking, and cross-border mergers and acquisitions. Additionally, the book offers keen insight on global capital markets, equity markets, and bond markets, as well as foreign exchange risk management and how to forecast exchange rates. Offers a comprehensive discussion of the current state of international corporate finance Provides simple rules and pragmatic answers to key managerial questions and issues Includes case studies and real-world decision-making situations For anyone who wants to understand how finance works in today's hyper-connected global economy, International Corporate Finance is an insightful, practical guide to this complex subject.

This book presents new methodologies for rating non-financial issuers and project ratings based on the BFO (Brusov-Filatova-Orekhova) theory of capital cost and structure, and its perpetuity limit (Modigliani-Miller theory), as well as modern investment models created by the authors. It first provides a critical analysis of the methodological and systemic shortcomings of the current credit ratings of non-financial issuers and project ratings. In order to increase the objectivity and accuracy of rating assessments, it then modifies the BFO theory for companies of arbitrary age as well as and the perpetuity limit (Modigliani-Miller theory) for rating needs. The authors also incorporate the financial indicators used in the rating methodology into both the BFO theory and the Modigliani-Miller theory. Within the framework of the modified BFO theory for rating needs, they then present a detailed study of the dependence of the weighted average cost of capital of WACC, used as the discount rate for discounting financial flows, on the financial ratios used in the rating, on the age of the company, on the leverage level and on the level of taxation for a wide range of values of equity cost and debt cost for companies of arbitrary age. This makes it possible to correctly assess of the discount rate, taking into account the values of financial ratios. The use of well-established corporate finance theories (BFO theory and its perpetuity limit) opens up new horizons in the rating industry, providing an opportunity to switch from mainly qualitative methods for determining the creditworthiness of issuers to mainly quantitative methods in rating, and as such improving the quality and accuracy of rating scores.

Better analysis for more accurate international financial valuation International Financial Statement Analysis provides the most up-to-date detail for the successful assessment of company performance and financial position regardless of country of origin. The seasoned experts at the CFA Institute offer readers a rich, clear reference, covering all aspects from financial reporting mechanics and standards to understanding income and balance sheets. Comprehensive guidance toward effective analysis techniques helps readers make real-world use of the knowledge presented, with this new third edition containing the most current standards and methods for the post-crisis world. Coverage includes the complete statement analysis process, plus information on income tax accounting, employee compensation, and the impact of foreign exchange rates on the statements of multinational corporations. Financial statement analysis gives investment professionals important insights into the true financial condition of a company. With it, realistic valuations can be made for investment, lending, or merger and acquisition purposes. The process is becoming increasingly complex, but this book helps readers deal with the practical challenges that arise at the international level. Understand the accounting mechanics behind financial reporting Discover the differences between statements from around the world Learn how each financial statement element affects securities valuation Master analysis for clues into operations and risk characteristics Amid an uncertain global economic climate, in today's volatile international markets, the ability to effectively evaluate financial statements is a critical skill. Standards and conditions are continuously evolving, and investment professionals need a strong, up-to-date resource for the latest rules and best practices. International Financial Statement Analysis provides this and more, with clarity and expert advice.

This Global Edition has been developed specifically to meet the needs of international finance students. It continues to offer substantial coverage of the recession and liquidity crisis that engulfed the global economies in the last few years and pays special attention to the banking sector and the critical need for funding that most businesses face. The emphasis on analytical approaches to international financial problems is intended to make the content more relevant and improve learning outcomes for the international student. Corporate Finance Foundations' thorough treatment of concepts and application combines with a complete digital solution to help your students achieve higher outcomes in the course.

A thorough introduction to corporate finance from a renowned professor of finance and banking As globalization redefines the field of corporate finance, international and domestic finance have become almost inseparably intertwined. It's increasingly difficult to understand what is happening in capital markets without a firm grasp of currency markets, the investment strategies of sovereign wealth funds, carry trade, and foreign exchange derivatives products. International Corporate Finance offers thorough coverage of the international monetary climate, including Islamic finance, Asian banking, and cross-border mergers and acquisitions. Additionally, the book offers keen insight on global capital markets, equity markets, and bond markets, as well as foreign exchange risk management and how to forecast exchange rates. Offers a comprehensive discussion of the current state of international corporate finance Provides simple rules and pragmatic answers to key managerial questions and issues Includes case studies and real-world decision-making situations For anyone who wants to understand how finance works in today's hyper-connected global economy, International Corporate Finance is an insightful, practical guide to this complex subject.

The fifth European edition of Corporate Finance takes an applied approach to cover all the latest research and topic areas important to students taking Finance courses. The new edition provides an international perspective on all areas of corporate finance and has been updated to include discussion on current trends such as the integrated nature of global supply chains, financial risk management, and key regulatory changes impacting the sector. It addresses the impact that FinTech, the climate and geopolitics are having on the development of corporate finance, considers the questions brought about by the global corona virus pandemic, and looks to the future of the industry. Understanding and Application •Clear, user-friendly style •Example boxes in every chapter provide hypothetical examples to illustrate theoretical concepts such as cash flow timing, dividend smoothing and differential growth. •Real World Insight boxes use companies like Apple, Volkswagen and Adidas to show how they have applied corporate finance theories and concepts to their business decisions. •Chapter links throughout provide quick cross-referencing to show the connections between topics. Practice and Proficiency •Mini and Practical cases present scenarios and questions to practice application and learning. •Questions and Problems in each chapter, categorised by topic and level of difficulty, allow for rigorous testing of the chapter content. •Numbered maths equations and key notation boxes listing the variables and acronyms that will be encountered in each chapter, designed to encourage mastery of Maths. •Exam Questions designed to take 45 minutes and test you on material learned in a more formal exam style. •Connect® resources include algorithmic questions designed to ensure equations and calculations are not learned by rote but by thorough understanding and practice. New to This Edition •Sustainability in Action boxes draw on issues relating to the environment, society, the economy and climate change to show how corporate finance is so important to the resolution of sustainability challenges. •Updated discussions and new sections on sustainable value added, green bonds, dividend policy and share repurchases, Islamic Financing, intangible valuation, and the differential value method. Available on McGraw Hill’s Connect®, the well-established online learning platform, which features our award-winning adaptive reading experience as well as resources to help faculty and institutions improve student outcomes and course delivery efficiency. To learn more, visit mheducation.co.uk/connect David Hillier is Associate Principal and Executive Dean of the University of Strathclyde Business School. A Professor of Finance, David was recognized as being in the top 3 per cent of the most prolific finance researchers in the world over the past 50 years (Heck and Cooley, 2009) and appears regularly in the media as a business commentator. His YouTube channel of finance lectures (professordavidhillier) has attracted nearly half a million views worldwide. This European edition is originally based on the Corporate Finance text by Stephen A. Ross, Randolph W. Westerfield, Jeffrey F. Jaffe, and Bradford D. Jordan.

The Journal of Global Business and Management Research (GBMR) strives to comply with highest research standards and scientific/research/practice journals' qualities. Being international and inter-disciplinary in scope, GBMR seeks to provide a platform for debate among diverse academic and practitioner communities who address a broad area of business and management issues across the globe.

Ebook: Principles of Corporate Finance