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As the open-source and free alternative to expensive software like Maple™, Mathematica®, and MATLAB®, Sage offers anyone with a web browser the ability to use cutting-edge mathematical software and share the results with others, often with stunning graphics. This book is a gentle introduction to Sage for undergraduate students during Calculus II, Multivariate Calculus, Differential Equations, Linear Algebra, Math Modeling, or Operations Research. This book assumes no background in programming, but the reader who finishes the book will have learned about 60 percent of a first semester computer science course, including much of the Python programming language. The audience is not only math majors, but also physics, engineering, environmental science, finance, chemistry, economics, data science, and computer science majors. Many of the book's examples are drawn from those fields. Filled with “challenges” for the students to test their progress, the book is also ideal for self-study. What's New in the Second Edition: In 2019, Sage transitioned from Python 2 to Python 3, which changed the syntax in several significant ways, including for the print command. All the examples in this book have been rewritten to be compatible with Python 3. Moreover, every code block longer than four lines has been placed in an archive on the book's website http://www.sage-for-undergraduates.org that is maintained by the author, so that the students won't have to retype the code! Other additions include… The number of “challenges” for the students to test their own progress in learning Sage has roughly doubled, which will be a great boon for self-study.There's approximately 150 pages of new content, including: New projects on Leontief Input-Output Analysis and on Environmental ScienceNew sections on Complex Numbers and Complex Analysis, on SageTex, and on solving problems via Monte-Carlo Simulations.The first three sections of Chapter 1 have been completely rewritten to give absolute beginners a smoother transition into Sage.

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This book is an introduction to the geometry of complex algebraic varieties. It is intended for students who have learned algebra, analysis, and topology, as taught in standard undergraduate courses. So it is a suitable text for a beginning graduate course or an advanced undergraduate course. The book begins with a study of plane algebraic curves, then introduces affine and projective varieties, going on to dimension and constructibility. $mathcal{O}$-modules (quasicoherent sheaves) are defined without reference to sheaf theory, and their cohomology is defined axiomatically. The Riemann-Roch Theorem for curves is proved using projection to the projective line. Some of the points that aren't always treated in beginning courses are Hensel's Lemma, Chevalley's Finiteness Theorem, and the Birkhoff-Grothendieck Theorem. The book contains extensive discussions of finite group actions, lines in $mathbb{P}^3$, and double planes, and it ends with applications of the Riemann-Roch Theorem.

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