The material presented in this volume is based on a series of lectures presented at an annual short course entitled "Integrated Optics" sponsored by the University of Cali fornia, Santa Barbara, in March of 1973. Each chapter has been authored by the individual lecturing on the particular subject matter con tained in that chapter. The primary intent of this book is to pro vide the students with a written version of the lecture material. The text treats a large variety of the basic structures and analysis techniques currently being employed in the rapidly growing area of technology termed "Integrated Optics." The volume contains both material that has previously been published in scientific journals and material which has not been published elsewhere. Since the field of integrated optics is in a stage of rapid expansion, a complete coverage of all the experimental results is difficult. As a result the emphasis is placed on the funda mental theoretical ideas and experimental results. The editor gratefully acknowledges the con tributing authors and the institutions with which they are associated for their wholehearted cooperation in the preparation of this book. Particular thanks are extended to the Hughes Research Laboratories, a division of the Hughes Aircraft Company.

This book is an introduction to the theory and technology of integrated op tics for graduate students in electrical engineering, and for practicing engi neers and scientists who wish to improve their understanding of the princi pIesand applications ofthis relatively new, and rapidly growing, field. Integrated Optics is the name given to a new generation of opto-electro nie systems in which the familiar wires and cables are replaced by light waveguiding optical fibers, and conventional integrated circuits are replaced by optical integrated circuits (OIC's). In an OIC, the signal is carried by means of a beam of light rather than by an electrical current, and the various circuit elements are interconnected on the substrate wafer by optical wave guides. Some advantages of an integrated-optic system are reduced weight, increased bandwidth (or multiplexing capability), resistance to electro magnetic interference, and low loss signal transmission. Because of the voluminous work that has been done in the field of inte grated optics since its inception in the late 1960's, the areas of fiber optics and optical integrated circuits have usually been treated separately at confe rences and in textbooks. In the author's opinion, this separation is unfortu nate because the two areas are closely related. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that it may be a practical necessity.

As optical technologies move closer to the core of modern computer architecture, there arise many challenges in building optical capabilities from the network to the motherboard. Rapid advances in integrated optics technologies are making this a reality. However, no comprehensive, up-to-date reference is available to the technologies and principles underlying the field. The Encyclopedic Handbook of Integrated Optics fills this void, collecting the work of 53 leading experts into a compilation of the most important concepts, phenomena, technologies, and terms covering all related fields. This unique book consists of two types of entries: the first is a detailed, full-length description; the other, a concise overview of the topic. Additionally, the coverage can be divided into four broad areas: A survey of the basics of integrated optics, exploring theory, practical concerns, and the fundamentals behind optical devices Focused discussion on devices and components such as arrayed waveguide grating, various types of lasers, optical amplifiers, and optoelectronic devices In-depth examination of subsystems including MEMS, optical pickup, and planar lightwave circuits Finally, systems considerations such as multiplexing, demultiplexing, 3R circuits, transmission, and reception Offering a broad and complete treatment of the field, the Encyclopedic Handbook of Integrated Optics is the complete guide to the fundamentals, principles, and applications of integrated optics technology.

Ein modernes Werk, das Informationen über neue optische Bauelemente zusammenstellt, zusammenfasst und kommentiert. - einziges derzeit erhältliches aktuelles Buch zu diesem Gebiet - wendet sich hauptsächlich an Spezialisten auf dem Gebiet der Photonik, für die das Gebiet der integrierten Photonik neu sein könnte - erläutert Grundlagen, technische Aspekte (Herstellung und Materialien), Charakterisierung und Leistungskenndaten verschiedenster neuer optoelektronischer Bauelemente

In this fifth edition all chapters have been revised and updated. The chapters on Polymer and Fiber Integrated Optics, Optical Amplifiers, Micro-Optical-Electro-Mechanical Devices, and Photonic and Microwave Wireless Systems are completely new. Problems help the students to deepen their knowledge.

This volwne contains the Proceedings of a two-week summer conference titled "Advances in Integrated Optics" held June 1-9, 1993, in Erice, Sicily. This was the 18th annual course organized by the International School of Quantum Electronics, under the auspices of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The term Integrated Optics signifies guided-wave optical circuits consisting of two or more devices on a single substrate. Since its inception in the late 1960's, Integrated Optics has evolved from a specialized research topic into a broad field of work, ranging from basic research through commercial applications. Today many devices are available on market while a big effort is devolved to research on integrated nonlinear optical devices. This conference was organized to provide a comprehensive survey of the frontiers of this technology, including fundamental concepts, nonlinear optical materials, devices both in the linear and nonlinear regimes, and selected applications. These Proceedings update and augment the material contained in a previous ISQE volume, "Integrated Optics: Physics and Applications", S. Martellucci and A. N. Chester, Eds. , NATO ASI Series B, Vol. 91 (Plenum, 1983). For some closely related technology, the reader many also wish to consult the ISQE volumes: "Optical Fiber Sensors", A. N. Chester, S. Martellucci and A. M. Scheggi, Eds. , NATO ASI Series E, Vol. 132 (Nijhoff, 1987) ; and, "Nonlinear Optics and Optical Computing", S. Martellucci and A. N. Chester, Eds. , E. Majorana Int'! Science Series, Vol. 49 (plenum, 1990).

This volume contains the proceedings of a two-week NATO A.S.I. on Integrated Optics: Physics and Applications, held from August 17 to August 30, 1981 in Erice, Italy. This is the 8th annual Course of the "International School of Quantum Electronics" presented under the auspices of the "E. Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The subject was chosen in order to satisfy the demand for a course on integrated optics which is relevant to the expanding use of fiber optics for communication and signal processing. Integrated Optics, encompassing all of the optical waveguide circuits which are the optical analog of integrated circuits, is finding its way into a variety of applications involving communi cations, high speed signal-processing, and sensors of many kinds. However, because the technology is still changing very rapidly, the development of these exciting applications relies heavily upon the physics of the integrated optical circuits themselves and the pro cessing techniques used to fabricate them. This NATO A.S.I. provided not only a thorough tutorial treatment of the field, but also through panel discussions and additional lectures treated topics at the forefront of present work. Therefore the character of the Course was a blend of current research and tutorial reviews. "The Physics and Applications of Integrated Optics" could hardly be a more appropriate title to be chosen for this volume. Many of the worlds' acknowledged leaders in the field have been brought together to review and speculate on the accomplishments of integrated optics.

The development of miniaturized and ruggedized optical circuits, containing a number of optical and perhaps also electronic components integrated on the same substrate, and performing useful optical functions - this is the goal of the key technologies for future systems of communication, of instrumenta tion, and of general signal processing; it is expected to combine and to complement the established technologies of microelectronics, optoelectronics, and fiber-optics. Today, after more than fifteen years of research on integrated optics, this goal appears to be almost within reach. The theoretical problems of 1ight propagation and of numerous forms of coupling and interactions in integrated-optical structures are generally well understood. A great variety of single components for integrated optics has been demonstrated experimen tally, and more recently also the successful integration of several compo nents on a common substrate. Laboratory operation of such integrated-optical 'chips' has been reported, e.g., for RF spectrum analysis, for high-speed analog/digital conversion, for a fiber-optic gyro, and for various high-per formance semiconductor laser sources. Before commercial fabrication and technical application of such devices can take place, however, their performance has to be further improved. Se rious technological and material problems are still to be overcome which are related to the small transverse dimensions and high optical power densities typical for integrated-optical waveguides. Progress can be expected here by further improvements and diversifications of micro-fabrication technologies and (perhaps more efficiently) by learning how to better adapt the optical structures to the existing technologies.

The rapidly growing area of photonics plays a critical role in many segments of industry, such as optical communications, information storage, electronic display, and other areas, and is the subject of intense academic and industrial research. The Handbook of Photonics serves as a single-source reference book for this exciting field. The book is divided into three sections: Photonic Materials Photonic Devices and Optics Photonic Systems Each chapter within these sections is written by well-known and respected authors and covers the latest information in many of the important aspects of photonics. The Handbook of Photonics provides a complete reference for scientists, engineers, and students working in this field.