The tenth parallel - the line of latitude seven hundred miles north of the equator - is a geographical and ideological front line where Christianity and Islam collide. Across much of inland Africa and Asia, from Nigeria, Sudan and Somalia to Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, live more than half of the world's 1.3 billion Muslims, and sixty percent of the world's 2 billion Christians. The space between the equator and the tenth parallel marks the end of Africa's arid north and the beginning of sub-Saharan jungle; in Southeast Asia, the encounter between the two religions is also driven by wind and weather, as the trade winds carried merchants of both faiths across the sea, and the clash of hot and cold air creates the hurricanes that travel across the earth to hit Latin and North American soil. On both sides of the line, the religions and their people are experiencing reawakenings of faith - and in their buzzing megacities and swarming jungle, the encounters between the two faiths is shaping the future. Eliza Griswold, award-winning investigative journalist and poet, has spent the past seven years travelling the space between the equator and the tenth parallel, exploring the meanings and ramifications of this reawakening of faith, in a place where these changes may alter the future of what's called the Global South - and, in turn, the West. In each country along the faultline, she asks if it is possible to determine where faith ended and secular violence began, or what role religion actually plays in struggles over resources and political power. The story of this encounter between religions unfolds over nearly two thousand years and more than 600,000 square miles. An urgent examination of the relationship between faith and worldly power, The Tenth Parallel is an essential work about the conflicts over religion, nationhood and natural resources that will remake the world in the years to come.

This book explores the varied ways in which Nigeria needs to undergird her national security and sustainable strategies with critical thinking perspectives and principles. With insecurity in one way or another present in most, if not all, of Nigeria, this volume brings together military professionals and civilian scholars to present their shared understanding in order to answer an age-old question: Whither Nigeria’s national security and strategy? The book is relevant to political leaders, policy makers and scholars with diverse interests around sustainable strategies within security services. Ultimately, it will foster debate and constructively addresses various issues ranging from social, political, cultural, historical, economic, military and intellectual strategies.

Turbulent times challenge democratic politics and governance in Western countries. Party systems, in many instances, have failed to produce solutions to vital policy problems, like immigration, state borders, welfare, or environmental issues. While subjective perceptions of macroeconomic outcomes are consistently related to political trust at the micro level, few studies have explored how individuals develop political engagement and identity. New insights are needed from studies focusing on how people become politically active and how political identities develop. Political Identity and Democratic Citizenship in Turbulent Times is a critical scholarly research publication that investigates, discusses, deconstructs, analyzes, and tests the concept of political identity and its evolving role in modern democracy. Moreover, it explores the contours of politics and brings together studies that examine the democratic potential of a diversity of participatory spheres, institutions, and arenas. Highlighting topics such as political culture, consumerism, and welfare states, this book is ideal for politicians, policymakers, government officials, sociologists, historians, academicians, professionals, researchers, and students.

Over the last hundred years, in Africa and the United States, through a variety of religious encounters, some black African societies adopted – or perhaps rediscovered – a Judaic religious identity. African Zion grows out of a joined interest in these diversified encounters with Judaism, their common substrata and divergences, their exogenous or endogenous characteristics, the entry or re-entry of these people into the contemporary world as Jews and the necessity of reshaping the standard accounts of their collective experience. In various loci the bonds with Judaism of black Jews were often forged in the harshest circumstances and grew out of experiences of slavery, exile, colonial subjugation, political ethnic conflicts and apartheid. For the African peoples who identify as Jews and with other Jews, identification with biblical Israel assumes symbolical significance. This book presents the way in which the religious identification of African American Jews and African black Jews – “real”, ideal or imaginary – has been represented, conceptualized and reconfigured over the last century or so. These essays grow out of a concern to understand Black encounters with Judaism, Jews and putative Hebrew/Israelite origins and are intended to illuminate their developments in the medley of race, ethnicity, and religion of the African and African American religious experience. They reflect the geographical and historic mosaic of black Judaism, permeated as it is with different “meanings”, both contemporary and historical.

Recommendations. -- Methods. -- Background: attitudes towards policing. History of policing in pre-colonial and colonial Nigeria -- Structure and organization of the Nigerian police force. -- Deaths in police custody. -- Torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Types of torture or cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment -- Who is targeted: Arrest of friends or relatives of a suspect. Torture and ill-treatment of members of self-determination groups. -- The purpose -- The perpetrators --The location -- The right to freedom from torture. -- Rape by the police. -- Abusive conditions of detention and denial of medical treatment. -- Lack of due process of law. Acceptance of forced confessions -- Failure to be informed of grounds for arrest -- Absence of legal representation -- Prolonged pre-trial detention. -- Obstacles to redress. Criminal investigations and prosecutions -- Police Complaints Burea -- The 'Orderly Room Trial' -- The Police Service Commission -- National Human Rights Commission -- Inquests and autopsies -- Societal attitudes to torture and police abuses. -- Police Reform. Review of the Police Act -- Donor governments' support for police reform. -- Conclusion. -- Acknowledgements.

The papers in this volume cover a wide range of social, economic and ideological aspects of the culture of early Anglo-Saxon England, from an interdisciplinary perspective. The status of Anglo-Saxondom and Englishness as cultural and ethnic categories are a recurrent theme, while other topics include social and political structures, farming in medieval England, the spiritual world of the Anglo-Saxons, and the reconstruction of settlement.

Considers the challenges that Nigeria's leadership now faces, offering rich-and-sobering-analyses of the current political and economic systems.

Nigeria is mired in a crisis of governance. For decades, Nigeria's governing elite have been widely implicated in acts of violence, corruption and electorial fraud so pervasive as to resemble criminal activity more han democratic governance. Not only has Nigeria's federal government failed to hold these politicians to account, but Nigeria's system of politics has actively rewarded corruption and violence with control governorships, parliamentary seats and other positions of public trust.