Valdis Lumans provides an authoritative, balanced, and comprehensive account of one of the most complex, and conflicted, arenas of the Second World War. Struggling against both Germany and the Soviet Union, Latvia emerged as an independent nation state after the First World War. In 1940, the Soviets occupied neutral Latvia, deporting or executing more than 30,000 Latvians before the Nazis invaded in 1941 and installed a puppet regime. The Red Army expelled the Germans in 1944 and reincorporated Latvia as a Soviet Republic. By the end of the war, an estimated 180,000 Latvians fled to the West. The Soviets would deport at least another 100,000. Drawing on a wide range of sources--many brought together here for the first time--Lumans synthesizes political, military, social, economic, diplomatic, and cultural history. He moves carefully through traditional sources, many of them partisan, to scholarship emerging since the end of the Cold War, to confront such issues as political loyalties, military collaboration, resistance, capitulation, the Soviet occupation, anti-Semitism, and the Latvian role in the Holocaust.

The ideal travel companion, full of insider advice on what to see and do, plus detailed itineraries and comprehensive maps for exploring Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Explore the historic streets of Tallinn's Old Town, look out for bears and elk in Guaja National Park or marvel at the imposing Trakai Island Castle: everything you need to know is clearly laid out within colour-coded chapters. Discover the best of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania with this indispensable travel guide. Inside DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania: - Over 30 colour maps help you navigate with ease - Simple layout makes it easy to find the information you need - Comprehensive tours and itineraries of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, designed for every interest and budget - Illustrations and floorplans show in detail the Niguliste Church, Kadriorg Park, the Latvian Ethnographic Open-Air Museum, Rundale Palace, Vilnius Cathedral, the Church of Sts Peter and Paul, Trakai Island Castle and more - Colour photographs of vibrant cities, historic churches and castles, pretty rural towns, spectacular architecture, serene countryside, scenic coastline and more - Detailed chapters, with area maps, cover Tallinn, Western Estonia, Eastern Estonia, Riga, Western Latvia, Eastern Latvia, Vilnius, Central Lithuania and Western Lithuania - Historical and cultural context gives you a richer travel experience: learn about the history, religion, music and culture of these three fascinating countries - Essential travel tips: our expert choices of where to stay, eat, shop and sightsee, plus useful phrases, and transport, visa and health information DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania is a detailed, easy-to-use guide designed to help you get the most from your visit to Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. DK Eyewitness: winner of the Top Guidebook Series in the Wanderlust Reader Travel Awards 2017. "No other guide whets your appetite quite like this one" - The Independent Planning a longer trip around eastern and central Europe? Try our DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Eastern and Central Europe. About DK Eyewitness Travel: DK's highly visual Eyewitness guides show you what others only tell you, with easy-to-read maps, tips, and tours to inform and enrich your holiday. DK is the world's leading illustrated reference publisher, producing beautifully designed books for adults and children in over 120 countries.

Visit and explore Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania during your trip to the Baltic States. From top restaurants, bars, and clubs to standout scenic sites and walks, our insider tips are sure to make your trip outstanding. Whether you're looking for unique and interesting shops and markets, or seeking the best venues for music and nightlife, we have entertainment and hotel recommendations for every budget covered in our Eyewitness Travel Guide. Discover DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania. Detailed itineraries and "don't-miss" destination highlights at a glance. Illustrated cutaway 3-D drawings of important sights. Floor plans and guided visitor information for major museums. Guided walking tours, local drink and dining specialties to try, things to do, and places to eat, drink, and shop by area. Area maps marked with sights. Detailed city maps include street finder indexes for easy navigation. Insights into history and culture to help you understand the stories behind the sights. Hotel and restaurant listings highlight DK Choice special recommendations. With hundreds of full-color photographs, hand-drawn illustrations, and custom maps that illuminate every page, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania truly shows you the country as no one else can. Series Overview: For more than two decades, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides have helped travelers experience the world through the history, art, architecture, and culture of their destinations. Expert travel writers and researchers provide independent editorial advice, recommendations, and reviews. With guidebooks to hundreds of places around the globe available in print and digital formats, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides show travelers how they can discover more. DK Eyewitness Travel Guides: the most maps, photographs, and illustrations of any guide. Visit TravelDK.com to learn more.

Latvia is located on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. After a brief period of independence between the two World Wars, Latvia was annexed by the USSR in 1940. It reestablished its independence in 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union. Although the last Russian troops left in 1994. Latvia continues to revamp its economy for eventual integration into various Western European political and economic institutions. Since May 2004 Latvia is a member of the European Union. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Latvia contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 500 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Latvia.

OECD's 2001 review of Latvia's education policies and programmes.

The DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania is your indispensable guide to this beautiful part of the world. The fully updated guide includes unique cutaways, floor plans, and reconstructions of the must-see sites, plus street-by-street maps of all the fascinating cities and towns. The uniquely visual DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania will help you to discover everything region-by-region, from local festivals and markets to day trips around the countryside. DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania: showing you what others only tell you.

Visit and explore Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania during your trip to the Baltic States. From top restaurants, bars, and clubs to standout scenic sites and walks, our insider tips are sure to make your trip outstanding. Whether you're looking for unique and interesting shops and markets, or seeking the best venues for music and nightlife, we have entertainment and hotel recommendations for every budget covered in our Eyewitness Travel Guide. Discover DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania. + Detailed itineraries and "don't-miss" destination highlights at a glance. + Illustrated cutaway 3-D drawings of important sights. + Floor plans and guided visitor information for major museums. + Guided walking tours, local drink and dining specialties to try, things to do, and places to eat, drink, and shop by area. + Area maps marked with sights. + Detailed city maps include street finder indexes for easy navigation. + Insights into history and culture to help you understand the stories behind the sights. + Hotel and restaurant listings highlight DK Choice special recommendations. With hundreds of full-color photographs, hand-drawn illustrations, and custom maps that illuminate every page, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania truly shows you the country as no one else can.