In this monograph the author presents a coherent exposition of recent results on complete characterization of Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds with high-dimensional groups of holomorphic automorphisms. These classification results can be viewed as complex-geometric analogues of those known for Riemannian manifolds with high-dimensional isotropy groups that were extensively studied in the 1950s-70s.

This is a book on numerical methods for singular perturbation problems – in part- ular, stationary reaction-convection-diffusion problems exhibiting layer behaviour. More precisely, it is devoted to the construction and analysis of layer-adapted meshes underlying these numerical methods. Numerical methods for singularly perturbed differential equations have been studied since the early 1970s and the research frontier has been constantly - panding since. A comprehensive exposition of the state of the art in the analysis of numerical methods for singular perturbation problems is [141] which was p- lished in 2008. As that monograph covers a big variety of numerical methods, it only contains a rather short introduction to layer-adapted meshes, while the present book is exclusively dedicated to that subject. An early important contribution towards the optimisation of numerical methods by means of special meshes was made by N.S. Bakhvalov [18] in 1969. His paper spawned a lively discussion in the literature with a number of further meshes - ing proposed and applied to various singular perturbation problems. However, in the mid 1980s, this development stalled, but was enlivened again by G.I. Shishkin’s proposal of piecewise-equidistant meshes in the early 1990s [121,150]. Because of their very simple structure, they are often much easier to analyse than other meshes, although they give numerical approximations that are inferior to solutions on c- peting meshes. Shishkin meshes for numerous problems and numerical methods have been studied since and they are still very much in vogue.

This volume details promising analytical and numerical techniques for solving challenging biomedical imaging problems, which trigger the investigation of interesting issues in various branches of mathematics.

This volume deals with problems in the structure theory of separable infinite-dimensional Banach spaces, with a central focus on universality problems. This topic goes back to the beginnings of the field and appears in Banach's classical monograph. The novelty of the approach lies in the fact that the answers to a number of basic questions are based on techniques from Descriptive Set Theory. Although the book is oriented on proofs of several structural theorems, in the main text readers will also find a detailed exposition of numerous “intermediate” results which are interesting in their own right and have proven to be useful in other areas of Functional Analysis. Moreover, several well-known results in the geometry of Banach spaces are presented from a modern perspective.

This book grew out of a series of lectures given at the Mathematics Department of Kyushu University in the Fall 2006, within the support of the 21st Century COE Program (2003–2007) “Development of Dynamical Mathematics with High Fu- tionality” (Program Leader: prof. Mitsuhiro Nakao). It was initially published as the Kyushu University COE Lecture Note n- ber 8 (COE Lecture Note, 8. Kyushu University, The 21st Century COE Program “DMHF”, Fukuoka, 2008. vi+234 pp.), and in the present form is an extended v- sion of it (in particular, I have added a section dedicated to the Maslov index). The book is intended as a rapid (though not so straightforward) pseudodiff- ential introduction to the spectral theory of certain systems, mainly of the form a +a where the entries of a are homogeneous polynomials of degree 2 in the 2 0 2 n n (x,?)-variables, (x,?)? R×R,and a is a constant matrix, the so-called non- 0 commutative harmonic oscillators, with particular emphasis on a class of systems introduced by M. Wakayama and myself about ten years ago. The class of n- commutative harmonic oscillators is very rich, and many problems are still open, and worth of being pursued.

Intersection cohomology assigns groups which satisfy a generalized form of Poincaré duality over the rationals to a stratified singular space. This monograph introduces a method that assigns to certain classes of stratified spaces cell complexes, called intersection spaces, whose ordinary rational homology satisfies generalized Poincaré duality. The cornerstone of the method is a process of spatial homology truncation, whose functoriality properties are analyzed in detail. The material on truncation is autonomous and may be of independent interest tohomotopy theorists. The cohomology of intersection spaces is not isomorphic to intersection cohomology and possesses algebraic features such as perversity-internal cup-products and cohomology operations that are not generally available for intersection cohomology. A mirror-symmetric interpretation, as well as applications to string theory concerning massless D-branes arising in type IIB theory during a Calabi-Yau conifold transition, are discussed.

Ordinary differential equations play a central role in science and have been extended to evolution equations in Banach spaces. For many applications, however, it is difficult to specify a suitable normed vector space. Shapes without a priori restrictions, for example, do not have an obvious linear structure. This book generalizes ordinary differential equations beyond the borders of vector spaces with a focus on the well-posed Cauchy problem in finite time intervals. Here are some of the examples: - Feedback evolutions of compact subsets of the Euclidean space - Birth-and-growth processes of random sets (not necessarily convex) - Semilinear evolution equations - Nonlocal parabolic differential equations - Nonlinear transport equations for Radon measures - A structured population model - Stochastic differential equations with nonlocal sample dependence and how they can be coupled in systems immediately - due to the joint framework of Mutational Analysis. Finally, the book offers new tools for modelling.

Local Newforms for GSp(4) describes a theory of new- and oldforms for representations of GSp(4) over a non-archimedean local field. This theory considers vectors fixed by the paramodular groups and singles out certain vectors that encode canonical information, such as L-factors and epsilon-factors, through their Hecke and Atkin-Lehner eigenvalues. An appendix includes extensive tables about the results and the representations theory of GSp(4).

This is a thorough and accessible exposition on the functional analytic approach to the problem of construction of Markov processes with Ventcel’ boundary conditions in probability theory. It presents new developments in the theory of singular integrals.

This book offers an introduction to rough paths. Coverage also includes the interface between analysis and probability to special processes, Lévy processes and Lévy systems, representation of Gaussian processes, filtrations and quantum probability.