Beginning with the pre-Socratics and Eastern philosophers, including religious philosophy, all major philosophers and schools are covered, right up to present day. The new edition includes more visual illustrations and pictures to further explain and enhance the subject of philosophy. Included are: - The pre-Socratics - Eastern philosophers and philosophies - Renaissance humanism - Enlightenment philosophers - Idealism - Modern philosophers and philosophy - Existentialism - Post-Structuralism and post-modernism

First published in 2003. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

This volume collects together Russell's philosophical writings during the period from 1947-68. For about half of this period Russell worked steadily at philosophy but after the publication of My Philosophical Development in 1959 he retired from academic philosophy for the second time. After that date, only the occasional philosophical piece appeared, as he was preoccupied with political writings. In this volume there are a handful of papers dated later than 1959, and all of these were certainly written by Russell himself.This volume contains Russell's writings on diverse philosophical interests, including autobiographical and self-critical papers, critiques of other philosophers and his controversial opinions on Christianity.

Only a handful of papers reprinted in this collection were written after 1959--Russell retired from academic philosophy for the second time after the publication of My Philosophical Development, devoting his final years to political protest. 1949 and 1950--the years that Russell was appointed to the Order of Merit and awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature--fall in the period covered by this volume. The papers include autobiographical and self-critical writings as well as papers on non-demonstrative inference, his contemporaries, metaphysics and epistemology, ethics and politics, John Stuart Mill, religion, Albert Einstein, and ordinary language philosophy. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Links below will take you to the non-profit Break the Cycle! Web site. Use your browser’s back button to return. Premise - psychological "wounding" is epidemic in America because of an unseen inherited cycle of ineffective parenting and ignorance. This book describes the wounds, what they mean, and what to do about them. This fourth edition (Feb. 2011) will introduce you to your inner family, and who leads it in calm and crisis times. If you don’t know who comprises your inner crew or who’s in charge of them, you may be living life as a hostage to a false self and not know it. If so, you’re probably living well below your potential, and may also be wounding kids in your life without meaning to. The rest of the book outlines an effective way to reduce any significant wounds, and live a calmer, more authentic, productive, satisfying life. Notice your reaction to these proposals and to the book ́s title. I suspect you think “Well I am running my life!” Sure - but have you ever thought about who “I” is? Reality check: Have you ever had experiences like these? • Blowing hot and cold about someone or something? • Saying “On one hand,... and on the other...”? • Obsessively second-guessing (doubting) an important decision you’ve made? • Having “discussions” or "arguments" with yourself inside your head? • An “inner voice” ceaselessly berating you for being stupid, dumb, weird, or unlovable? • Loved and hated someone at the same time? • Wanted to do something and simultaneously not wanted to do it? • Done something impulsive and later thought “What got into me?” • Known people who seemed two-faced, talked out of both sides of their mouth, and “like two different people”? • Felt “young” when around an authority figure or perhaps a critical parent? yellow or mean streak, a blue mood a musical side, a silver tongue, or a way with kids? These are everyday signs of an invisible condition that shapes the lives of you and everyone you know. It’s based on a marvelous survival feature of our human neural system recently called multiplicity: our brain’s wired-in ability to respond to childhood environmental threat by fragmenting into regions with special abilities. Using radiographic PET scans, we’re the first generation in history to be able to see these regions operating concurrently. The unitary experience of “I see my child laugh” involves many regions of your brain at once without your knowing it. So does everything you do! Main Ideas This book results from my professionally studying and practicing inner family therapy ("parts work") since 1992. It describes what I’ve come to believe without question about average women and men like you: Normal people have personalities that are composed of a group of subselves or parts, like members of an orchestra or athletic team. Each subself has it’s own talent or gift, it’s own values, goals, and limitations. Our inner families of subselves can range from harmonious to chaotic in calm and crisis times. The nature of our subselves and the relationships among them are determined in the first several years of life of average kids. If kids are

What, if anything, does biological evolution tell us about the nature of religion, ethical values, or even the meaning and purpose of life? The Moral Meaning of Nature sheds new light on these enduring questions by examining the significance of an earlier—and unjustly neglected—discussion of Darwin in late nineteenth-century Germany. We start with Friedrich Nietzsche, whose writings staged one of the first confrontations with the Christian tradition using the resources of Darwinian thought. The lebensphilosophie, or “life-philosophy,” that arose from his engagement with evolutionary ideas drew responses from other influential thinkers, including Franz Overbeck, Georg Simmel, and Heinrich Rickert. These critics all offered cogent challenges to Nietzsche’s appropriation of the newly transforming biological sciences, his negotiation between science and religion, and his interpretation of the implications of Darwinian thought. They also each proposed alternative ways of making sense of Nietzsche’s unique question concerning the meaning of biological evolution “for life.” At the heart of the discussion were debates about the relation of facts and values, the place of divine purpose in the understanding of nonhuman and human agency, the concept of life, and the question of whether the sciences could offer resources to satisfy the human urge to discover sources of value in biological processes. The Moral Meaning of Nature focuses on the historical background of these questions, exposing the complex ways in which they recur in contemporary philosophical debate.

This collection of 16 papers collectively reassess the philosophical contribution of German thinker Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970), author of such works as The Logical Structure of the World and The Logical Syntax of Language. Having begun their discussions of Carnap at a meeting in his hometown of Jena, Germany, and international group of academics contributed essays examining Carnap's importance and continuing relevance in the field of logical empiricism. Individual contributions examine such topics as Carnap's treatment of semantics; his conception of explication; continuities and discontinuities in the works of Carnap, Frege, and Quine; a Carnapian reply to Kurt Godel; and Carnap on categorical concepts. An introductory essay explores the evolution of Carnap's thought within the context of his historical milieu in Jena. Annotation : 2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).

In this second volume of a trilogy that represents a landmark contribution to philosophy, psychology, and intellectual history, Walter Kaufmann has selected three seminal figures of the modem period who have radically altered our understanding of what it is to be human. His interpretations of Nietzsche, Heidegger, and Buber are lively, accessible, and penetrating, and in the best scholarly tradition they challenge and revise accepted views.After an introductory chapter on Kierkegaard and Schopenhauer, with particular attention to the former's views on despair and the latter's on insanity and repression, Kaufmann argues that Nietzsche was the first great depth psychologist and shows how he revolutionized human self-understanding. Nietzsche's psychology, including his fascinating psychology of masks, is discussed fully and expertly.Heidegger's version of existentialism is herein subjected to a devastating attack. After criticizing it, Kaufmann shows how the same mentality finds expression in Heidegger's philosophy and in his now-infamous pro-Nazi writings. Here, as in his portraits of other major thinkers, the author's concern is to show that his subjects are of one piece.