This book represents the eighth edition of what has become an established reference work, MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE Guide to the FAR EAST & AUSTRALASIA. This volume has been carefully researched and updated since publication of the previous arrangement of the book edition, and provides more company data on the most important companies in the region. The information in the This book has been arranged in order to allow the reader to book was submitted mostly by the companies themselves, find any entry rapidly and accurately. completely free of charge. For the second time, a third volume has been added to the series, covering major companies in Company entries are listed alphabetically within each section; Australia and New Zealand. in addition three indexes are provided on coloured paper at the back of the book. The companies listed have been selected on the grounds of the size of their sales volume or balance sheet or their The alphabetical index to companies throughout Australia & importance to the business environment of the country in New Zealand lists all companies having entries in the book which they are based. irrespective of their main country of operation. The book is updated and published every year. Any company The alphabetical index to companies within Australia & New that considers it is eligible for inclusion in the next edition of Zealand lists companies by their country of operation.

This book represents the eighth edition of what has become an established reference work, MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE Guide to the FAR EAST & AUSTRALASIA. This volume has been carefully researched and updated since publication of the previous arrangement of the book edition, and provides more company data on the most important companies in the region. The Information in the This book has been arranged in order to allow the reader to book was submitted mostly by the companies themselves, find any entry rapidly and accurately completely free of charge. For the second time, a third volume has been added to the series, covering major companies In Company entries are listed alphabetically within each section; Australia and New Zealand. In addition three indexes are provided on coloured paper at the back of the book. The companies listed have been selected on the grounds of the size of their sales volume or balance sheet or their The alphabetical index to companies throughout South East importance to the business environment of the country In Asia lists all companies having entries in the book irrespective which they are based. of their main country of operation. The book is updated and published every year Any company The alphabetical index to companies within each country of that considers it is eligible for InclUSion in the next edition of South East ASia lists companies by their country of operation.

This book represents the third edition of what has become an established reference work, MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE Guide to the FAR EAST&AUSTRALASIA. This volume has been carefully researched and updated since publication of the previous arrangementofthe book edition, and provides more company data on the most important companies in the region. The information in the This book has been arranged in order to allow the reader to book was submitted mostly by the companies themselves, find any entry rapidly and accurately. completely free of charge. Company entries are listed alphabetically within each section; The companies listed have been selected on the grounds of in addition three indexes are provided on coloured paper at the size of their sales volume or balance sheet or their the back of the book. importance to the business environment of the country in which they are based. The alphabeticalindex to companies throughout South East Asia lists all companies having entries in the book irrespective The book is updated and published every year. Any company of their main country of operation. that considers it iseligible for inclusion in the nextedition of MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE FAR EAST&AUSTRALASIA, Thealphabeticalindex to companies within each country of should write to the publishers. No charge whatsoever is made South East Asia listscompanies by their country of operation. for publishing details aboutacompany.

Volumes 1 & 2 Guide to the MAJOR COMPANIES OF EUROPE 1991192, Volume 1, arrangement of the book contains useful information on over 4000 of the top companies in the European Community, excluding the UK, over 1100 This book has been arranged in order to allow the reader to companies of which are covered in Volume 2. Volume 3 covers find any entry rapidly and accurately. over 1300 of the top companies within Western Europe but outside the European Community. Altogether the three Company entries are listed alphabetically within each country volumes of MAJOR COMPANIES OF EUROPE now provide in section; in addition three indexes are provided in Volumes 1 authoritative detail, vital information on over 6500 of the largest and 3 on coloured paper at the back of the book, and two companies in Western Europe. indexes in the case of Volume 2. MAJOR COMPANIES OF EUROPE 1991/92, Volumes 1 The alphabetical index in Volume 2 lists all the major & 2 contain many of the largest companies in the world. The companies in the UK. In this index companies with names area covered by these volumes, the European Community, such as A B Smith can be found listed as A B Smith and represents a rich consumer market of over 320 million people. Smith, A B.

This book represents the fifteenth edition of the leading IMPORTANT reference work MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE ARAB WORLD. All company entries have been entered in MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE ARAB WORLD absolutely free of This volume has been completely updated compared to last charge, thus ensuring a totally objective approach to the year's edition (with the exception of Iraq due to the information given. circumstances of war). Many new companies have also been Whilst the publishers have made every effort to ensure that the included this year. information in this book was correct at the time of press, no responsibility or liability can be accepted for any errors or This year, the Kuwaiti section contains an appendix giving omissions, or for the consequences thereof. addresses for relocated Kuwaiti companies (with telephonel telefax numbers where possible). This appendix allows the ABOUT GRAHAM & TROTMAN LTD reader to cross-refer the Kuwaiti company to its relocation Graham & Trotman Ltd, a member of the Kluwer Academic entry in the relevant Arab country or to contact them direct if Publishers Group, is a publishing organisation specialising in they have relocated to a non-Arab country. the research and publication of business and technical information for industry and commerce in many parts of the The publishers remain confident that MAJOR COMPANIES world.

Volumes 1 & 2 Guide to the MAJOR COMPANIES OF EUROPE 1991/92, Volume 1, arrangement of the book contains useful information on over 4000 of the top companies in the European Community, excluding the UK, over 1100 This book has been arranged in order to allow the reader to companies of which are covered in Volume 2. Volume 3 covers find any entry rapidly and accurately. over 1300 of the top companies within Western Europe but outside the European Community. Altogether the three Company entries are listed alphabetically within each country volumes of MAJOR COMPANIES OF EUROPE now provide in section; in addition three indexes are provided in Volumes 1 authoritative detail, vital information on over 6500 of the largest and 3 on coloured paper at the back of the books, and two companies in Western Europe. indexes in the case of Volume 2. MAJOR COMPANIES OF EUROPE 1991/92, Volumes 1 The alphabetical index to companies throughout the & 2 contain many of the largest companies in the world. The Continental EC lists all companies having entries in Volume 1 area covered by these volumes, the European Community, in alphabetical order irrespective of their main country of represents a rich consumer market of over 320 million people. operation. Over one third of the world's imports and exports are channelled through the EC. The Community represents the The alphabetical index in Volume 1 to companies within each world's largest integrated market.

Volumes 1 & 2 Guide to the MEDIUM COMPANIES OF EUROPE 1991/92, Volume 1, arrangementofthe book contains useful information on nearly 4500 ofthe most important medium-sized companies in the European This book has been arranged in order to allow the reader to Community, excluding the UK, over 1500companies of which find any entry rapidly and accurately. are covered in Volume 2. Volume 3 covers nearly 2000 of the medium-sized companies within Western Europe but outside Company entries are listed alphabetically within each country the European Community. Altogether the three volumes of section; in addition three indexes are provided in Volumes 1 MEDIUM COMPANIES OF EUROPE now provide in and 3 on coloured paper atthe back of the book, and two authoritative detail, vital information on over 7900 key indexes in the case of Volume 2. companies in Western Europe. The alphabetical index in Volume 2 lists all the major MEDIUM COMPANIES OF EUROPE 1991/92, Volumes 1 companies in the UK. In this indexcompanies with names & 2 contain many ofthe most significant companies in such as A B Smith can be found listed as A B Smith and Europe. The area covered by these volumes, the European Smith, A B.

measure of the rate of innovation --research-and-development (R&D) expenditure per employee compared to new patents received per employee -- does not adequately capture a unique feature of SMEs, namely that owners and managers are often themselves innovators. For example, in Japan 52 per cent of SMEs' innovations reported in 1986 were created by employers, whereas in large firms 72 per cent of innovations were created by research technicians. Nevertheless, patchy evidence from Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States indicates that SMEs at least hold their own in terms of innovation compared to large firms. Perhaps most significantly, a recent study indicates that, while the total number of innovations is positively related to R&D expenditures, skilled labour and the degree to which large firms comprise the industry, in innovative industries innovative activity tends to emanate more from SMEs than large firms. This is probably because in industries where large firms dominate, SMEs need to be innovative to survive. There is much information to suggest that in technologies such as micro-electronics, new materials and biotechnology SMEs tend to be in the vanguard of innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises as exporters. The contribution of SMEs to a national economy from exporting is generally small; for example, in Japan SMEs accounted for only 13 per cent of merchandise exports in 1990.

This book represents the fourth edition of what has become an established reference work, MAJOR COMPANIES OF THE Guide to the FAR EAST & AUSTRALASIA. This volume has been carefully researched and updated since publication of the previous arrangement of the book edition, and provides more company data on the most important companies in the region. The information in the This book has been arranged in order to allow the reader to book was submitted mostly by the companies themselves, find any entry rapidly and accurately. completely free of charge. For the second time, a third volume has been added to the series, covering major companies in Company entries are listed alphabetically within each section; Australia and New Zealand. in addition three indexes are provided on coloured paper at the back of the book. The companies listed have been selected on the grounds of the size of their sales volume or balance sheet or their The alphabetical index to companies throughout Australia & importance to the business environment of the country in New Zealand lists all companies having entries in the book which they are based. irrespective of their main country of operation. The book is updated and published every year. Any company The alphabetical index to companies within Australia & New that considers it is eligible for inclusion in the next edition of Zealand lists companies by their country of operation.