This book combines insights from language assessment literacy and critical language testing through critical analyses and research about challenges in language assessment around the world. It investigates problematic practices in language testing which are relevant to language test users such as language program directors, testing centers, and language teachers, as well as teachers-in-training in Graduate Diploma and Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics programs. These issues involve aspects of language testing such as test development, test administration, scoring, and interpretation/use of test results. Chapters in this volume discuss insights about language testing policy, testing world languages, developing program-level language tests and tests of specific language skills, and language assessment literacy. In addition, this book identifies two needs in language testing for further examination: the need for collaboration between language test developers, language test users, and language users, and the need to base language tests on real-world language use.

All English-translated Chinese codes are available at: www.codeofchina.com

Covering a variety of themes and subject areas related to language and communication in international and multilinguistic contexts, this book offers an insight into the latest research in applied linguistics and language acquisition. Aimed at both scholars and language practitioners, it presents empirical findings from researchers from more than 10 countries. Rather than limiting its focus to one language and context as a source of research, the collection reports and applies findings from various languages and communities.

This Part of SN/T 0370 specifies inspection requirements, inspection contents, and inspection regulations of packaging for export dangerous goods. This Part applies to performance test of packaging for export dangerous goods with volume of less than 450L and net weight of less than 400kg.

The Commercial Shipping Handbook is an invaluable reference tool for anyone involved in international trade and a first step towards understanding the framework within which the international movement of goods by sea is conducted. The handbook gives concise explanations of the many activities that comprise shipping, explaining the terms and how they interrelate. Areas covered include: Documents used in international transport by sea e.g. the bill of lading and the charter-party – what they contain, the different types and examples of each Generic types of ships, cargoes, containers and ports Details of all the major maritime associations prominent in contract drafting and policy making, together with a brief explanation of their objectives The many extra costs and surcharges found in shipping, particularly in liner shipping Chartering terms, an explanation of each and their context Clauses appearing in bills of lading, in voyage charters and time charters Technical elements of shipping as they relate to the commercial operation of ships, for example tides and draughts Examples of principal documents Discussing over 1250 commercial shipping terms, this book will be an essential reference for all shipowners, charterers, managers and brokers and will also be of use to legal, insurance and banking professionals.

We stand humbled and grateful before the Almighty, expressing our deepest thanks to God, the source of wisdom, guidance, and inspiration throughout the journey of creating this book. His grace has been our constant companion, illuminating our path and infusing our work with purpose. We acknowledge the divine hand that guided us, and we are profoundly thankful for the blessings that have allowed us to bring this project to fruition.

All English-translated Chinese codes are available at: www.codeofchina.com