This book, in its Second Edition, provides the basic concepts and applications of discrete mathematics and graph theory. The book is aimed at undergraduate students of computer science and engineering, and information technology. It is also suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate students of computer science, mathematics and computer applications. The book exposes the students to fundamental knowledge in: - Mathematical logic, tautology and normal forms - Elementary set theory, functions and their relations - Algebraic structure, binary operation, group theory and homomorphism - Theory of permutations and combinations, binomial and multinomial theorems - Recurrence relations and methods of solving them - Graph theory, spanning tree, Eulerian and Hamiltonian circuits and isomorphism Key Features Includes a large number of worked-out problems for sound understanding of the concepts. Offers chapter-end exercises to test students’ comprehension of theory. Gives a quiz section at the end of each chapter to help students prepare for the competitive examinations. Incorporates short questions asked in universities’ examinations.

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Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science introduces students to the discrete mathematics needed later in their Computer Science coursework with theory of computation topics interleaved throughout. Students learn about mathematical concepts just in time to apply them to theory of computation ideas. For instance, sets motivate the study of finite automata, direct proof is practised using closure properties, induction is used to prove the language of an automaton, and contradiction is used to apply the pumping lemma. The main content of the book starts with primitive data types such as sets and strings and ends with showing the undecidability of the halting problem. There are also appendix chapters on combinatorics, probability, elementary number theory, asymptotic notation, graphs, loop invariants, and recurrences. The content is laid out concisely with a heavy reliance on worked examples, of which there are over 250 in the book. Each chapter has exercises, totalling 550. This class-tested textbook is targeted to intermediate Computer Science majors, and it is primarily intended for a discrete math / proofs course in a Computer Science major. It is also suitable for introductory theory of computation courses. The authors hope this book breeds curiosity into the subject and is designed to satisfy this to some extent by reading this book. The book will prepare readers for deeper study of game theory applications in many fields of study.

This volume contains the papers presented at the 29th Symposium on Mat- matical Foundations of Computer Science, MFCS 2004, held in Prague, Czech Republic, August 22–27, 2004. The conference was organized by the Institute for Theoretical Computer Science (ITI) and the Department of Theoretical Com- terScienceandMathematicalLogic(KTIML)oftheFacultyofMathematicsand Physics of Charles University in Prague. It was supported in part by the Eu- pean Association for Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS) and the European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics (ERCIM). Traditionally, the MFCS symposia encourage high-quality research in all branches of theoretical computer science. Ranging in scope from automata, f- mal languages, data structures, algorithms and computational geometry to c- plexitytheory,modelsofcomputation,andapplicationsincludingcomputational biology, cryptography, security and arti?cial intelligence, the conference o?ers a unique opportunity to researchers from diverse areas to meet and present their results to a general audience. The scienti?c program of this year’s MFCS took place in the lecture halls of the recently reconstructed building of the Faculty of Mathematics and P- sics in the historical center of Prague, with the famous Prague Castle and other celebratedhistoricalmonumentsinsight.Theviewfromthewindowswasach- lengingcompetitionforthespeakersinthe?ghtfortheattentionoftheaudience. But we did not fear the result: Due to the unusually tough competition for this year’s MFCS, the admitted presentations certainly attracted considerable in- rest. The conference program (and the proceedings) consisted of 60 contributed papers selected by the Program Committee from a total of 167 submissions.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 26th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, MFCS 2001, held in Marianske Lazne, Czech Republic in August 2001. The 51 revised full papers presented together with 10 invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 118 submissions. All current aspects of theoretical computer science are addressed ranging from mathematical logic and programming theory to algorithms, discrete mathematics, and complexity theory. Besides classical issues, modern topics like quantum computing are discussed as well.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 31st International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, MFCS 2006. The book presents 62 revised full papers together with the full papers or abstracts of 7 invited talks. All current aspects in theoretical computer science and its mathematical foundations are addressed, from algorithms and data structures, to complexity, automata, semantics, logic, formal specifications, models of computation, concurrency theory, computational geometry and more.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, MFCS 2003, held in Bratislava, Slovakia in August 2003. The 55 revised full papers presented together with 7 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 137 submissions. All current aspects in theoretical computer science are addressed, ranging from discrete mathematics, combinatorial optimization, graph theory, networking, algorithms, and complexity to programming theory, formal methods, and mathematical logic.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 30th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, MFCS 2005, held in Gdansk, Poland in August/September 2005. The 62 revised full papers presented together with full papers or abstracts of 7 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 137 submissions. All current aspects in theoretical computer science are addressed, ranging from quantum computing, approximation, automata, circuits, scheduling, games, languages, discrete mathematics, combinatorial optimization, graph theory, networking, algorithms, and complexity to programming theory, formal methods, and mathematical logic.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 25th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, MFCS 2000, held in Bratislava/Slovakia in August/September 2000. The 57 revised full papers presented together with eight invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 147 submissions. The book gives an excellent overview on current research in theoretical informatics. All relevant foundational issues, from mathematical logics as well as from discrete mathematics are covered. Anybody interested in theoretical computer science or the theory of computing will benefit from this book.