MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE This second volume in a new multi-volume set builds on the basic concepts and fundamentals laid out in the previous volume, presenting the reader with more advanced and cutting-edge topics being developed in this exciting field. This second volume in a new series from Wiley-Scrivener is the first of its kind to present scientific and technological innovations by leading academicians, eminent researchers, and experts around the world in the areas of mathematical sciences and computing. Building on what was presented in volume one, the chapters focus on more advanced topics in computer science, mathematics, and where the two intersect to create value for end users through practical applications. The chapters herein cover scientific advancements across a diversified spectrum that includes differential as well as integral equations with applications, computational fluid dynamics, nanofluids, network theory and optimization, control theory, machine learning and artificial intelligence, big data analytics, Internet of Things, cryptography, fuzzy automata, statistics, and many more. Readers of this book will get access to diverse ideas and innovations in the field of computing together with its growing interactions in various fields of mathematics. Whether for the engineer, scientist, student, academic, or other industry professional, this is a must-have for any library.

"TAPSOFT '91 is the Fourth International Joint Conference on Theory and Practice of Software Development. It was held in Brighton, April 8-12, 1991, and was organized by the Department of Computing, Imperial College, London. The proceedings of TAPSOFT '91 are organized into three parts: - Advances in Distributed Computing (ADC) - Colloquium on Trees in Algebra and Programming (CAAP) - Colloquium on Combining Paradigms for Software Development (CCPSD) The proceedings are published in two volumes. The first volume (LNCS, Vol. 493) contains the papers from CAAP. The second volume (LNCS, Vol. 494) contains the papers from the ADC and CCPSD. The ADC talks by distinguished invited speakers surveys current developments in distributed computing, including the integration of different paradigms for concurrency, algebraic, logical and operational foundations, and applications to software engineering and formal methods. The CCPSD papers address aspects of the trend in software enginering towards unification and synthesis combining theory and practice, and merging hitherto diverse approaches."--PUBLISHER'S WEBSITE.

Richard Stanley's two-volume basic introduction to enumerative combinatorics has become the standard guide to the topic for students and experts alike. This thoroughly revised second edition of volume two covers the composition of generating functions, in particular the exponential formula and the Lagrange inversion formula, labelled and unlabelled trees, algebraic, D-finite, and noncommutative generating functions, and symmetric functions. The chapter on symmetric functions provides the only available treatment of this subject suitable for an introductory graduate course and focusing on combinatorics, especially the Robinson–Schensted–Knuth algorithm. An appendix by Sergey Fomin covers some deeper aspects of symmetric functions, including jeu de taquin and the Littlewood–Richardson rule. The exercises in the book play a vital role in developing the material, and this second edition features over 400 exercises, including 159 new exercises on symmetric functions, all with solutions or references to solutions.

This book presents surveys on the theory and practice of modelling, specifying, and validating concurrent systems. It contains surveys of techniques used in tools developed for automatic validation of systems. Other papers present recent developments in concurrency theory, logics of programmes, model-checking, automata, and formal languages theory. The volume contains the proceedings from the workshop, Partial Order Methods in Verification, which was held in Princeton, NJ, in July 1996. The workshop focused on both the practical and the theoretical aspects of using partial order models, including automata and formal languages, category theory, concurrency theory, logic, process algebra, programme semantics, specification and verification, topology, and trace theory. The book also includes a lively e-mail debate that took place about the importance of the partial order dichotomy in modelling concurrency.

Since their inception, the Perspectives in Logic and Lecture Notes in Logic series have published seminal works by leading logicians. Many of the original books in the series have been unavailable for years, but they are now in print once again. This volume, the nineteenth publication in the Lecture Notes in Logic series, collects the proceedings of the European Summer Meeting of the Association for Symbolic Logic, held in Paris, France in July 2000. This meeting marked the centennial anniversary of Hilbert's famous lecture and was held in the same hall at La Sorbonne where Hilbert presented his problems. Three long articles, based on tutorials given at the meeting, present accessible expositions of developing research in model theory, computability, and set theory. The eleven subsequent papers present work from the research frontier in all areas of mathematical logic.

The proceedings of the Los Angeles Caltech-UCLA 'Cabal Seminar' were originally published in the 1970s and 1980s. Wadge Degrees and Projective Ordinals is the second of a series of four books collecting the seminal papers from the original volumes together with extensive unpublished material, new papers on related topics and discussion of research developments since the publication of the original volumes. Focusing on the subjects of 'Wadge Degrees and Pointclasses' (Part III) and 'Projective Ordinals' (Part IV), each of the two sections is preceded by an introductory survey putting the papers into present context. These four volumes will be a necessary part of the book collection of every set theorist.

Handbook of the History of Logic brings to the development of logic the best in modern techniques of historical and interpretative scholarship. Computational logic was born in the twentieth century and evolved in close symbiosis with the advent of the first electronic computers and the growing importance of computer science, informatics and artificial intelligence. With more than ten thousand people working in research and development of logic and logic-related methods, with several dozen international conferences and several times as many workshops addressing the growing richness and diversity of the field, and with the foundational role and importance these methods now assume in mathematics, computer science, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, linguistics, law and many engineering fields where logic-related techniques are used inter alia to state and settle correctness issues, the field has diversified in ways that even the pure logicians working in the early decades of the twentieth century could have hardly anticipated. Logical calculi, which capture an important aspect of human thought, are now amenable to investigation with mathematical rigour and computational support and fertilized the early dreams of mechanised reasoning: "Calculemus. The Dartmouth Conference in 1956 – generally considered as the birthplace of artificial intelligence – raised explicitly the hopes for the new possibilities that the advent of electronic computing machinery offered: logical statements could now be executed on a machine with all the far-reaching consequences that ultimately led to logic programming, deduction systems for mathematics and engineering, logical design and verification of computer software and hardware, deductive databases and software synthesis as well as logical techniques for analysis in the field of mechanical engineering. This volume covers some of the main subareas of computational logic and its applications. - Chapters by leading authorities in the field - Provides a forum where philosophers and scientists interact - Comprehensive reference source on the history of logic

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Informatics in Secondary Schools - Evolution and Perspectives, ISSEP 2006, held in Vilnius, Lithuania in November 2006. The 29 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 204 submissions. A broad variety of topics related to teaching informatics in secondary schools is addressed.

Questions of mathematical proof and logical inference have been a significant thread in modern mathematics and have played a formative role in the development of computer science and artificial intelligence. Research in proof complexity and feasible theories of arithmetic aims at understanding not only whether or not logical inferences can be made but also what resources are required to carry them out. Understanding the resources required for logical inferences has major implications for some of the most important problems in computational complexity, particularly the problem of whether or not NP is equal to co-NP. In addition, these have important implications for the efficiency of automated reasoning systems. The last dozen years have seen several breakthroughs in the study of these resource requirement. Papers in this volume represent the proceedings of the DIMACS workshop on "Feasible Arithmetics and Proof Complexity" held in April 1996 in Rutgers, NJ, as part of the DIMACS Institute's Special Year on Logic and Algorithms. This book brings together some of the most recent work of leading researchers in proof complexity and feasible arithmetic reflecting many of these advances. It covers a number of aspects of the field including lower bounds in proof complexity, witnessing theorems and proof systems for feasible arithmetic, algebraic and combinatorial proof systems, interpolation theorems, and the relationship between proof complexity and Boolean circuit complexity.

A laboratory study that investigates how algorithms come into existence. Algorithms--often associated with the terms big data, machine learning, or artificial intelligence--underlie the technologies we use every day, and disputes over the consequences, actual or potential, of new algorithms arise regularly. In this book, Florian Jaton offers a new way to study computerized methods, providing an account of where algorithms come from and how they are constituted, investigating the practical activities by which algorithms are progressively assembled rather than what they may suggest or require once they are assembled.