Triangulations, and more precisely meshes, are at the heart of many problems relating to a wide variety of scientific disciplines, and in particular numerical simulations of all kinds of physical phenomena. In numerical simulations, the functional spaces of approximation used to search for solutions are defined from meshes, and in this sense these meshes play a fundamental role. This strong link between meshes and functional spaces leads us to consider advanced simulation methods in which the meshes are adapted to the behaviors of the underlying physical phenomena. This book presents the basic elements of this vision of meshing. These mesh adaptations are generally governed by a posteriori error estimators representing an increase of the error with respect to a size or metric. Independently of this metric of calculation, compliance with a geometry can also be calculated using a so-called geometric metric. The notion of mesh thus finds its meaning in the metric of its elements.

Triangulations, and more precisely meshes, are at the heart of many problems relating to a wide variety of scientific disciplines, and in particular numerical simulations of all kinds of physical phenomena. In Volume 1, the theoretical foundations relating to triangulations, finite element shape functions and their interpretations as geometric patches were explored. This has made it possible to build tools that make the geometric modeling of any object possible. These elements are used in Volume 2 to treat meshing problems in their different implementations. Meshing, Geometric Modeling and Numerical Simulation 3 offers technical additions to the methods seen in the first two volumes and a significant portion of this book is dedicated to mesh visualization problems and solutions, especially those with a high degree of complexity.

Triangulations, and more precisely meshes, are at the heart of many problems relating to a wide variety of scientific disciplines, and in particular numerical simulations of all kinds of physical phenomena. In numerical simulations, the functional spaces of approximation used to search for solutions are defined from meshes, and in this sense these meshes play a fundamental role. This strong link between the meshes and functional spaces leads us to consider advanced simulation methods in which the meshes are adapted to the behaviors of the underlying physical phenomena. This book presents the basic elements of this meshing vision.

Numerical simulation is a technique of major importance in various technical and scientific fields. Whilst engineering curricula now include training courses dedicated to it, numerical simulation is still not well-known in some economic sectors, and even less so among the general public. Simulation involves the mathematical modeling of the real world, coupled with the computing power offered by modern technology. Designed to perform virtual experiments, digital simulation can be considered as an "art of prediction". Embellished with a rich iconography and based on the testimony of researchers and engineers, this book shines a light on this little-known art. It is the second of two volumes and gives examples of the uses of numerical simulation in various scientific and technical fields: agriculture, industry, Earth and universe sciences, meteorology and climate studies, energy, biomechanics and human and social sciences.

Numerical simulation is a technique of major importance in various technical and scientific fields. Used to understand diverse physical phenomena or to design everyday objects, it plays a major role in innovation in the industrial sector. Whilst engineering curricula now include training courses dedicated to it, numerical simulation is still not well-known in some economic sectors, and even less so among the general public. Simulation involves the mathematical modeling of the real world, coupled with the computing power offered by modern technology. Designed to perform virtual experiments, digital simulation can be considered as an "art of prediction". Embellished with a rich iconography and based on the testimony of researchers and engineers, this book shines a light on this little-known art. It is the first of two volumes and focuses on the principles, methods and industrial practice of numerical modeling.

Numerical modeling now plays a central role in the design and study of electromagnetic systems. In the field of devices operating in low frequency, it is the finite element method that has come to the fore in recent decades. Today, it is widely used by engineers and researchers in industry, as well as in research centers. This book describes in detail all the steps required to discretize Maxwell’s equations using the finite element method. This involves progressing from the basic equations in the continuous domain to equations in the discrete domain that are solved by a computer. This approach is carried out with a constant focus on maintaining a link between physics, i.e. the properties of electromagnetic fields, and numerical analysis. Numerous academic examples, which are used throughout the various stages of model construction, help to clarify the developments.

Triangulations, and more precisely meshes, are at the heart of many problems relating to a wide variety of scientific disciplines, and in particular numerical simulations of all kinds of physical phenomena. In numerical simulations, the functional spaces of approximation used to search for solutions are defined from meshes, and in this sense these meshes play a fundamental role. This strong link between meshes and functional spaces leads us to consider advanced simulation methods in which the meshes are adapted to the behaviors of the underlying physical phenomena. This book presents the basic elements of this vision of meshing. These mesh adaptations are generally governed by a posteriori error estimators representing an increase of the error with respect to a size or metric. Independently of this metric of calculation, compliance with a geometry can also be calculated using a so-called geometric metric. The notion of mesh thus finds its meaning in the metric of its elements.

An application programmer's interface known as API V2 was written to facilitate the sharing of unstructured meshing technology among computational analysts developing or requiring meshing methods. API V2's architecture consists of a database and a meshing library. The database library owns all mesh data and contains API functions for the transfer of data between the mesh library and the application. It also contains functions for dynamic loading of meshing libraries, allowing applications to access multiple meshing libraries simultaneously. The more compact meshing library API contains functions to extract the particulars of the library, including run-time parameters, allowable mesh types and available algorithms. Algorithm types are non-specific and may pertain to peripheral mesh operations as well as generation techniques. An example implementation of a database library is included for distribution. Its use markedly reduces the effort required to develop compliant applications or meshing libraries. An example Fortran wrapper library is also provided to allow Fortran applications to access compliant libraries. API V2's utility is demonstrated via sample implementations of two proprietary applications and a proprietary meshing library. API V2's future viability as a standard for unstructured meshing is dependent on the ability to maintain and extend the API, to provide training and to define certification criteria.

12th International Conference: Structural Integrity of Welded Structures (ISCS 17) Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 12th International Conference on Structural Integrity of Welded Structures (ISCS 17), November 09-10, 2017, Timisoara, Romania