This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Machine Learning in Clinical Neuroimaging, MLCN 2022, held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2022, Singapore in September 2022. The book includes 17 papers which were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 full-length submissions. The 5th international workshop on Machine Learning in Clinical Neuroimaging (MLCN2022) aims to bring together the top researchers in both machine learning and clinical neuroscience as well as tech-savvy clinicians to address two main challenges: 1) development of methodological approaches for analyzing complex and heterogeneous neuroimaging data (machine learning track); and 2) filling the translational gap in applying existing machine learning methods in clinical practices (clinical neuroimaging track). The papers are categorzied into topical sub-headings: Morphometry; Diagnostics, and Aging, and Neurodegeneration.

The field of lifestyle medicine, which is the study of how daily habits and actions impact on both short- and long-term health and quality of life, continues to expand globally. The scientific and medical literature that supports the success of these lifestyle habits and actions is now overwhelming. Thousands of studies provide evidence that regular physical activity, maintenance of a health body weight, following sound nutritional practices, stress reduction, and other good practices all profoundly impact both health and quality of life. Following its predecessors, Lifestyle Medicine, Third Edition, is edited by lifestyle medicine pioneer, cardiologist Dr. James Rippe. This edition has been thoroughly updated and represents the expert opinions of 20 section editors as well as more than 150 expert chapter authors whose knowledge span all aspects of this emerging discipline. Topics cover lifestyle medicine practices including regular physical activity, proper nutrition, and weight management. These principles are applied to the prevention and or treatment of a wide variety of chronic conditions ranging from heart disease and diabetes to cancer, mental health, addiction, and injury prevention. This book serves as evidence base for individuals who wish to practice lifestyle medicine or incorporate some of its principles into either general medicine or subspecialty practice. It provides valuable information to healthcare workers in the fields of nutrition, exercise physiology, psychology, behavioral medicine, health promotion, and public policy where lifestyle medicine principles play an ever-increasing role.

Geriatric Neurology, Volume 167, serves as an update on the basic biological and behavioral mechanisms underlying the aging process, with an emphasis on neurological aging and state-of-the-art reviews on our understanding of vascular, cognitive, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases in the elderly. Developed with an eye to providing both the basic underpinnings of age-related changes and the clinical information necessary to aid in diagnostics and treatment, the book serves as a useful volume for students, basic and translational scientists, and practicing clinicians on how to understand and treat common neurological disorders in the elderly. - Reviews the foundations of geriatric neurology, including the fundamentals of age associated changes in molecular biology, altered pharmacokinetics and psychopharmacology that make drug therapy in the elderly different from younger patients - Contains major advances in our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases - Features contributions from world leaders in geriatric neurology–the broadest, most expert coverage available

This issue examines what is a healthy aging brain and covers preventive measures for succesful cognitive aging. Topics covered include: A road map to healthy aging brain; Cardiovascular risk factors, cerebrovascular disease burden and healthy aging brain; Healthy aging brain: Impact of head injury, alcohol and environmental toxins; Healthy aging brain: What has sleep go to do with it?; Endocrine aspects of healthy aging brain; Healthy aging brain: Role of exercise and physically active lifestyle; Healthy aging brain: Role of nutrition and nutritional supplements; Healthy aging brain: Role of cognitive reserve, cognitive stimulation and cognitive exercises; Healthy aging brain: Impact of positive and negative emotions; Dementia risk predictor. Are we there yet?; Potential future neuroprotective therapies for neurodegenerative disorders and stroke; Healthy aging brain: Importance of promoting resilience and creativity.

Altered metabolism is known to be associated with a higher incidence of Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Diabetes type 2, obesity, and metabolic syndrome are considered risk factors for the development of dementias, including AD. These metabolic diseases may have a genetic predisposition, but most of them are caused by environmental factors and life-style. Most research has focused on the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) and sweetened beverages that induce obesity. Importantly, a HFD can also trigger oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation and cognitive decline. Less is known, however, about beneficial effects of diet on cognition, such as slowing the progression or preventing AD by ingesting whole fruits, vegetables, fish and oil. It is important to highlight the difference between vitamin/mineral supplements and whole food, as it appears that the former are clinically ineffective, while multiple ingredients in the latter act synergistically to improve cognition. As AD is a disease of slow progression, therapies should start several decades before clinical symptoms can be observed; one strategy can be the ingestion of healthy food in those subjects with one or more risk factors (genetic, environmental, life-style) already in their 40s, just when some brain metabolic disturbances start to develop. This dietary therapy can overcome the increased reactive oxygen species, protein deposition and synaptic failure, characteristic of AD. This research topic will cover a range of research articles, case studies, opinion and mini-reviews, all focused on describing the damaging effects of an industrial diet on cognition as well as on highlighting the beneficial effects of a healthy diet to prevent AD. We believe that we still have time to fight against the negative impact of our industrialized cultures, and adopt better eating habits, increase exercise and slow down our life style to prevent increasing dementia in the aging population. Also, all these topics has been a product of intensives investigations, with a great life hope, and we hope you all enjoy reading this e-book.

Neuroplasticity is the ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization. It is when the brain is rewired to function in some way that differs from how it previously functioned. How does aging affect neuroplasticity? As we grow older, plasticity decreases to stabilize what we have already learned. What influence does the aging process have on memory? Forgetfulness can be a normal part of aging. As people get older, changes occur in all parts of the body, including the brain. As a result, some people may notice that it takes longer to learn new things, they don't remember information as well as they did, or they lose things like their glasses. This book on evolving neuroscience is unique in its lifespan focus on driving neuroplasticity in a positive direction to influence the Flynn effect of increasing human intelligence as the preferred way to prevent, delay onset, and/or reverse dementia. It considers potential impact from the first moments of life through end of life. It includes intergenerational activities. Its inclusion of centenarians and supercentenarians provides examples of “Super Agers” who have maintained and/or increased neurocognitive capacity, often with a health span that approximated their vigorous longevity. It discusses the use of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution to refine, personalize, and broaden our global reach to enhance the Flynn effect as the preferred effort to improve global statistics on neurocognitive functioning at any age. Driving neuroplasticity in a positive direction at all ages is urgent. With this book’s focus on evidence-based interventions at any age which can have physical, emotional, neurobiological, neurochemical, immunological, and social health benefits, it is a unique overview and application of evolving neuroscience to address the UN/WHO Decade of Action for Healthy Ageing for All.

Neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders are of great importance to societies and they also raise special considerations in epidemiological research methodology. Not only do neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders form a major group of disorders associated with ageing populations, but those disorders that occur in earlier life can be associated with severe individual, family, and societal distress and burden. The inter-relationship of syndromes and disorders is a topic of major interest and growing biological insights across psychiatry and neurology. This includes not only overlaps in neurodegenerative syndromes but also those related to other systems such as metabolic, inflammatory, immune and vascular disorders. Part of the Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology series, the Oxford Textbook of Neurologic and Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology is designed to focus on the overlaps and inter-relationships between neuro-epidemiological disorders, as well as on ways to harmonise large cohort studies to maximise opportunities for determining causes related to rarer disorders. Divided into three main parts, the book covers 1) the principles of neurologic and neuropsychiatric epidemiology; 2) specific neuropsychiatric disorders and their inter-relationships and 3) the implications of neuro-epidemiologic research for patient populations and current medical practice. This comprehensive work serves as an invaluable reference to current neuro-epidemiological methods for neurologists, psychiatrists, and senior trainees in those disciplines, as well as public health practitioners and students with an interest in neurology and neuropsychiatry.

While medical professionals continue to practice traditional allopathic medicine, the public has turned toward nutritional and integrative medical therapies, especially for addressing the proliferation of chronic diseases. Written by leaders in the academic and scientific world, Nutrition and Integrative Medicine: A Primer for Clinicians presents various modalities to help restore health. This book provides users with a guide to evaluating and recommending nutritional and integrative therapies. The book offers insights on the microbiome of the human body, examines the relationship of human health to the microbiome of the food we ingest, and introduces the concept of "food as information." It provides enlightenment on anti-aging and healing modalities, mind–body medicine, and an investigation of psychological trauma as related to disease causation. Integrative therapies, including water, light, and sound therapy, are explored, and information on healing chronic disease through nutrition, the tooth–body connection, the role of toxins in disease causation, and electromagnetic field hypersensitivity, as well as its management, is presented.

This important book describes the effects of a range of medical, psychological, and neurological conditions on brain functioning, specifically cognition. After a brief introduction of brain anatomy and function focusing on neural systems and their complex role in cognition, this book covers common disorders across several medical specialties, as well as injuries that can damage a variety of neural networks. The authors review findings on associations between these conditions and cognitive domains such as executive function, memory, attention, and learning, and describe possible causal pathways between diseases and cognitive impairment. Later chapters describe potential strategies for prevention, improvement, and treatment. The book’s topics include Cognition in affective disorders Cerebrovascular disease and cognition Cognitive sequelae of sepsis Traumatic brain injury and cognition Cognitive deficits associated with drug use Obstructive sleep apnea and cognition Cognitive function in pulmonary disease The Brain at Risk reflects the current interest in the links between body, mind, and brain, and will be of great value to researchers and practitioners interested in neuroscience, neuropsychology, and clinical research in the cognitive and behavioral consequences of brain injury and disease.