This book summarizes the results of the research on how to make small electronic devices with high properties by using simple liquid processes such as coating, self-assembling and printing, especially focusing on devices composed of silicon and oxide materials. It describes syntheses and analyses of solution materials, formations of solid thin films from solutions, newly developed patterning methods to make devices, and characterization of the developed devices. In the first part of the book, the research on liquid silicon (Si) materials is described. Because the use of a liquid material is a quite new idea for Si devices, this book is the first one to describe liquid Si materials for electronic devices. Si devices as typified by MOS-FET have been produced by using solid and gas materials. This volume precisely describes a series of processes from material synthesis to device fabrication for those who are interested and are/will be engaged in liquid Si-related work. In the latter part of the book, a general method of how to make good oxide films from solutions and a new imprinting method to make nanosized patterns are introduced. For making oxide films with high quality, the designing of the solution is crucial. If a solution is designed properly, a gel material called "cluster gel" can be formed which is able to be imprinted to form nanosized patterns. The anticipated readers of this book are researchers, engineers, and students who are interested in solution and printing processes for making devices. More generally, this book will also provide guidelines for corporate managers and executives who are responsible for making strategies for future manufacturing processes.

This comprehensive book focuses on the basic physical features and purpose of nanofluids and miniature heat sinks. The contents demonstrate the design modification, fabrication, experimental investigation, and various applications of miniature heat sinks. The book provides context for thermal performance of miniature heat sinks as well as summaries of experimental results correlations that reflect the current technical innovations are included. This book is a useful reference for both academia and industry alike.

Application of Control Volume Based Finite Element Method (CVFEM) for Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer discusses this powerful numerical method that uses the advantages of both finite volume and finite element methods for the simulation of multi-physics problems in complex geometries, along with its applications in heat transfer and nanofluid flow. The book applies these methods to solve various applications of nanofluid in heat transfer enhancement. Topics covered include magnetohydrodynamic flow, electrohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer, melting heat transfer, and nanofluid flow in porous media, all of which are demonstrated with case studies. This is an important research reference that will help readers understand the principles and applications of this novel method for the analysis of nanofluid behavior in a range of external forces. - Explains governing equations for nanofluid as working fluid - Includes several CVFEM codes for use in nanofluid flow analysis - Shows how external forces such as electric fields and magnetic field effects nanofluid flow

This text highlights how nanofluids can be used in thermal solutions across multiple industries, including electronics, energy, and manufacturing. It emphasizes the enhanced heat transfer properties of nanofluids and their potential to significantly improve the efficiency of heat exchange processes. This book discusses topics such as nanoparticle synthesis, nanofluid testing, performance enhancement using nanofluids, thermal behavior of hybrid nanofluids, Brinkman equation in nanofluids and safety considerations in nano fluid‐based systems. This book: • Discusses the recent innovation, technological development of nanofluids and explores nanoparticle synthesis and characterization for nanofluid development. • Offers a comprehensive understanding of nanofluid technology and nanofluid for aerospace application, covering diverse topics from fundamental properties to advanced research frontiers in nanofluids for thermal engineering. • Includes real‐world case studies and practical techniques that will help the readers to apply nanofluid technology in various thermal engineering scenarios. • Covers heat exchanger performance improvement with nanofluids, hybrid nanofluids, Flow of Newtonian and Non‐Newtonian hybrid Nanofluid, and oil‐based Tri‐hybrid Nanofluid. • Explains experimental techniques for nanofluid testing and validation and presents safety and environmental considerations in nanofluid‐based systems. It is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of manufacturing engineering, industrial engineering, production engineering, mechanical engineering, automotive engineering, and aerospace engineering.

Applications of Nanofluids in the Chemical and Biomedical Process Industry provides detailed knowledge about the mathematical, numerical, and experimental methodologies of the application of nanofluids in heat transfer, mass transfer, and biomedical processes. The book is divided into three main sections with the first providing a detailed overview of the thermophysical and optical properties of nanofluids enhancement in heat exchangers and boiling operations. The second section gives a detailed overview of nanofluid application in CO2 absorption/regeneration and metal extraction/stripping operations, while the third provides an overview of the application ofnanofluids in biomedical processes. The book includes recent advances, as well as challenges to nanofluid applications in industrial processes and will be useful for researchers and professionals working in industry or academia, as well as others interested in the applications of the nanofluids to industrial processes for design purposes. - Includes numerical and experimental investigations of hybrid and mono nanoparticle-based nanofluids. - Investigates the comparative performance of various nanofluids for CO2 absorption/regeneration and metal extraction/stripping operations. - Covers industrial operation challenges and scale-up challenges for nanofluid applications in the industrial process.

This book seeks to comprehensively cover recent progress in computational fluid dynamics and nonlinear science and its applications to MHD and FHD nanofluid flow and heat transfer. The book will be a valuable reference source to researchers in various fields, including materials science, nanotechnology, mathematics, physics, information science, engineering and medicine, seeing to understand the impact of external magnetic fields on the hydrothermal behavior of nanofluids in order to solve a wide variety of theoretical and practical problems. - Readers will gain a full understanding of the fundamentals in new numerical and analytical methods in MHD (Magnetohydrodynamics) - Includes complete coverage of governing equations in which nanofluid is used as working fluid, and where magnetic fields are applied to nanofluids - A single-source reference covering recent progress in computational fluid dynamics and nonlinear science, and its applications to MHD and FHD nanofluid flow and heat transfer

Nanofluids: Advanced Applications and Numerical Simulations combines the mathematical and numerical studies of nanofluids and their application to a range of applications. The book begins by introducing the principles of nanofluids, structures, types, properties, methods and stability. This is followed by a detailed chapter that explains a full range of numerical techniques for the modeling of nanofluids. Subsequent chapters offer in-depth coverage of target areas, including cooling and heating applications, micro-electric and magnetic devices, chemistry and oil recovery, biomedicine, renewable energy, and automotive engineering. Throughout the book, methods for numerical modelling are described in detail, with supporting equations, techniques, and applied examples. This is a valuable resource for advanced students, scientists, engineers, and R&D professionals working with nanofluids, simulation, and numerical methods for advanced applications, as well as researchers across nanotechnology, biomedicine, electronics, energy, chemistry, materials science and mechanical engineering. - Presents numerical methods for modelling of nanofluids in details - Examines stability, magnetic field, electric field, and other effects on behavior and optical properties - Explores cutting-edge applications of nanofluids by numerical methods

In this study, a commercial heat sink was employed for cooling a PC processor. Two liquids were used (i) water and (ii) copper oxide (II) nanofluids with 0.0086 and 0.0225 volume fractions. In the experiments, the heat sink was fixed to the CPU. The maximal power dissipated by the investigated processor was 115 W. The mass flow rate of the liquids was in the range of 0.009 to 0.05 kg/s and the inlet temperature was in the range of 300 to 305 K. The experimental results were used to validate the numerical model of the analyzed system. The commercial package ANSYS Fluent 13 was employed to generate a CFD heat transfer simulation. A laminar flow regime was proposed in a fin array area of the heat sink. An appropriate grid quality model was developed and validated. The obtained results showed that water was sufficient enough for CPU cooling.

Nanofluid Applications for Advanced Thermal Solutions covers heat transfer applications of nanofluids in a variety of fields and the main techniques used in nanofluid flow and heat transfer analysis. The book features an introduction to heat transfer, nanofluid conduction, convection and nanofluid boiling and provides a thorough understanding of a variety of applications, including the energy storage component of solar PVT systems. It covers fundamental topics such as the analysis and measurement of thermophysical properties, convection, and heat transfer equipment performance, and provides a rigorous framework to assist readers in developing new nanofluid-based devices. Finally, the book explores convective instabilities, nanofluids in porous media, and entropy generation in nanofluids. This will be a valuable resource for upper undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral students and researchers in the fields of nanotechnology and nanofluids looking at heat transfer processes in chemical engineering and the petroleum industry. - Provides a comprehensive overview of the heat transfer application of nanofluids in a variety of fields - Features numerical and experimental investigations of hybrid and mono nanoparticles based nanofluids - Explores comparative performance investigations of various nanofluids for absorption/regeneration and metal extraction/stripping operations - Provides case examples of operation and scale-up challenges for nanofluid applications in the industrial process