How do states know what they want? Asking how interests are defined and how changes in them are accommodated, Martha Finnemore shows the fruitfulness of a constructivist approach to international politics. She draws on insights from sociological institutionalism to develop a systemic approach to state interests and state behavior by investigating an international structure not of power but of meaning and social value. An understanding of what states want, she argues, requires insight into the international social structure of which they are a part. States are embedded in dense networks of transnational and international social relations that shape their perceptions and their preferences in consistent ways. Finnemore focuses on international organizations as one important component of social structure and investigates the ways in which they redefine state preferences. She details three examples in different issue areas. In state structure, she discusses UNESCO and the changing international organization of science. In security, she analyzes the role of the Red Cross and the acceptance of the Geneva Convention rules of war. Finally, she focuses on the World Bank and explores the changing definitions of development in the Third World. Each case shows how international organizations socialize states to accept new political goals and new social values in ways that have lasting impact on the conduct of war, the workings of the international political economy, and the structure of states themselves.

How do states know what they want? Asking how interests are defined and how changes in them are accommodated, Martha Finnemore shows the fruitfulness of a constructivist approach to international politics. She draws on insights from sociological institutionalism to develop a systemic approach to state interests and state behavior by investigating an international structure not of power of meaning and social value. An understanding of what states want, she argues, requires insight into the international social structure of which they are a part.

This is the first systematic and critical analysis of the concept of national interest from the perspective of contemporary theories of International Relations, including realist, Marxist, anarchist, liberal, English School and constructivist perspectives. Scott Burchill explains that although commonly used in diplomacy, the national interest is a highly problematic concept and a poor guide to understanding the motivations of foreign policy.

Most of the competition laws currently enforced by states aim to protect consumer welfare and promote fair competition by regulating against anticompetitive behavior. Yet despite the shared objectives the global community does not have a common global competition law. In exploring the reasons for this, this book takes a unique interdisciplinary approach by using international relations theories to illustrate the relationship between the enforcement of competition laws and international relations through an analysis of competition cases relating to cartels, extraterritoriality, and corporate mergers and acquisitions. Through an examination of this relationship, this book will consider why the views held by state leaders on the condition of international relations may at times lead them to either arbitrarily over-enforce or disregard their competition laws to the detriment of fair competition and consumer welfare. This book also provides suggestions for global business investors who face competition law issues on how they may accommodate such views.

Many of the problems and opportunities facing society today are determined by issues of mobility. Access to people, products, information and resources has emerged as a priority in the foreign policies of most states. Inevitably, considerations of national interest have played a central role in the structure and operations of the international aviation system. Meanwhile, air transport has been a catalyst for the phenomenon of globalization. This first in-depth exploration of the vital relationship between aviation policy and national interest in todays global economy focuses on those areas of concern where the international community has common ground or where conflicts of interest are most likely to arise. Revealing deeply informed perspectives gained from decades of distinguished public service in many areas of aviation policy, Erwin von den Steinen reviews the rules that govern the conduct of commercial air services between nations and considers the prospects of aviation in the 21st Century. He explains how timely understanding of national interest can provide a context for global and local policy to connect, and why the international aviation system is vital for the peaceful and sustainable development of modern states and societies. With such insights and powerful, practical recommendations, von den Steinens analysis will be of enormous value to those concerned with air transport, from technical research and design to the highest levels of government, as well as to lawyers and academics in international law and relations. and“a tour of the major issues in international aviation law and policy under the guidance of an authentic homme engageand Ultimately, this book is the work of someone who deeply appreciates the aviation industry both at its technical level, that of its often-frustrating machinations of law and policy, and also at the emotional level of a special business that exemplifies freedom and imagination like few others do.and” Brian F. Havel and“The Introduction has one of the best free flowing leads to a book detailing the politics of aviation and diplomacy I have come acrossand . I commend this book to lawyers, diplomats and students of aero-politics and lawand . I would prescribe this book to my graduate students as compulsory reading for their course in Aero-political and legal Environment.and” Dr Ruwantissa Abeyratne

This text suggests that contemporary political and institutional arrangements for problem-solving, based on sovereignty as a principle and the nation-state as a decision-making unit, are not equipped to handle such problems and that concepts and methods of decision-making are therefore needed to augment existing ones in dealing with the challenges of the 21st-century.; Kennedy Graham argues that, henceforth, the planet and humanity must be considered as a single-entity for decsion making purposes. He introduces and develops the idea of the planetary interest as a vital conceptual tool to assist citizens and policy-makers in understanding emerging global problems and approaching them with global solutions. The book includes contributions from 20 current or former politicians, who discuss the particular global problems threatening their countries, looking at the ways in which the planetary interest can help them pursue a legitimate national interest.

This volume outlines the methods appropriate to an English School understanding of international relations and their assumptions about how knowledge of the social is gained. It makes clear what is involved in 'an English School approach' and what such an approach delivers in the contemporary understanding of international relations.

This book is a reflection of the discussion and debates on globalization and state autonomy in China. These debates, dated back to early 1990s, witnessed China’s gradual involvement in globalization. Like other developing countries, China faced tremendous pressure when globalization intensified in the 1990s. As it turned out, China arduously made up its mind to embrace globalization, which reached its height when China was finally adopted as a member of the World Trade Organization in 2001.Thus, the articles in this book record the anxiety, concerns, uncertainty and enthusiasm of Chinese scholars in the face of China’s embracing of globalization. In other words, this book presents a unique Chinese perspective on globalization and state autonomy.

What is the relationship between China and the international society? It is a question of historical and realistic significance for China and the world to answer. Since the reform and opening up, China initiated a journey to get integrated into the international society. As an emerging power, China is trying to seek identities, display strength, and build a good reputation. Under various determinants and possibilities, the relationship between China and the international society manifests a feature of complexity and multiple dimensions. Following a guideline of OC on China, for the worldOCO, this volume intends to introduce Chinese scholars' latest studies on China's global strategies, theories and policies to the outside world. Contents: The Self-consciousness of Chinese-Characteristic Diplomatic Practice and Theory; China and International System: Two-Way Socialization under the Logic of Practice; An Analytical Study of the Ideological Sources of China's Conduct; Self-generated Transformation: On China's Agency in Its Interaction with International Human Rights Norms; Border, Geopolitics and China's International Relations Study; Evolution of OC NeighborhoodOCO Concept and China's Foreign Strategies; The Role and Influence of China's Mainstream Media in South China Sea Disputes OCo An Analysis from the Perspective of Signaling; Public Policy and Cross-border Investment by Chinese Enterprises; China's Approaches and Future Prospects for Participation in United Nation Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding: A Report Based on Field Research of UN Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding Missions in Africa; Origin of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation. Readership: Academics, professionals, undergraduate and graduate students interested in China's diplomatic practice and theory and China's international relations studies."

By studying the significance and mechanisms of cultural internationalism, this book aims to help emerging international powers constructively engage in global governance in a multipolar world, with particular regard to cultural considerations. Global governance has, to a degree, become more significant than traditional power politics on the international stage. Against this backdrop, the author proposes the idea of a cultural internationalism that centers upon cultural interactions, dialogues and mutual learning, and he calls for international cooperation and a reconstruction of the world order. The rise of the G20 and BRICS countries is cited as an example of the efficacy of international coordination communities built upon both cultural consensus and shared economic foundations, as well as international interactions. The author also delves into China’s case to explore practical approaches to the fostering of supranational responsibilities while not neglecting national interest. The book will appeal to academics and general readers interested in international relations, globalization, and Chinese diplomacy.