This open access book is written by world-recognized experts in the fields of applied superconductivity and superconducting accelerator magnet technologies. It provides a contemporary review and assessment of the experience in research and development of high-field accelerator dipole magnets based on Nb3Sn superconductor over the past five decades. The reader attains clear insight into the development and the main properties of Nb3Sn composite superconducting wires and Rutherford cables, and details of accelerator dipole designs, technologies and performance. Special attention is given to innovative features of the developed Nb3Sn magnets. The book concludes with a discussion of accelerator magnet needs for future circular colliders.

This open access book is written by world-recognized experts in the fields of applied superconductivity and superconducting accelerator magnet technologies. It provides a contemporary review and assessment of the experience in research and development of high-field accelerator dipole magnets based on Nb3Sn superconductor over the past five decades. The reader attains clear insight into the development and the main properties of Nb3Sn composite superconducting wires and Rutherford cables, and details of accelerator dipole designs, technologies and performance. Special attention is given to innovative features of the developed Nb3Sn magnets. The book concludes with a discussion of accelerator magnet needs for future circular colliders.; Broadens our understanding of design and performance limits of high-field Nb3Sn accelerator magnets for a future very high energy hadron collider Offers beginners a concise overview of the relevant design concepts for a new generation of superconducting accelerator magnets based on Nb3Sn superconductor Illustrates the complete process of accelerator magnet design and fabrication Provides a contemporary review and assessment of the past experience with Nb3Sn high-field dipole accelerator magnets Identifies the main open R&D issues for Nb3Sn high-field dipole magnets This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

This book aims to present an introduction to numerical modeling of different aspects of large-scale superconducting applications: electromagnetics, thermal, mechanics and thermo-hydraulics. The importance of computational modeling to advance current superconductor research cannot be overlooked, especially given the enormous benefits provided by superconductors in many human endeavours, including energy generation, medical treatments, and future electrical technologies.Aimed at graduate students, researchers and practitioners in different fields of applied superconductivity, this book consists of four chapters. The chapter on electromagnetics provides a review of the state-of-the-art modeling of electromagnetic phenomena in superconductors, emphasising the theoretical aspects of the different numerical formulations. This is followed by a chapter on thermal effects, dedicated to the simulation of thermal stability and quench in superconducting magnets, with specific examples of magnets used in particle accelerators. Then, the chapter on mechanics provides details of the modeling of forces and stresses in cables composed of second-generation high-temperature superconducting wires. Finally, the chapter on thermo-hydraulics focuses on the fundamental thermal-hydraulic aspects involved in the cooling of superconducting magnets, with special reference to the issues related to the forced-flow cooling.

The ELOISATRON (ELN) Project aims at a future proton supercollider with 100-500 TeV energy per beam and 1034-1036 cm-2s-1 luminosity. While the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is being implemented at CERN, it is very timely to study the feasibility of the next generation of hadron colliders at the extreme limits of energy and luminosity. In this respect, the achievement of extremely high magnetic fields and the production of accelerating rf cavities with very low losses are a crucial point in the actual construction design of such a collider. The search for superconducting materials with suitable properties to be used in this field has gained a new impulse after the discovery of the so-called high temperature superconducting compounds (HTSCs) with superconducting critical temperatures higher than 100 K. Besides the critical temperatures, the transport performances of this class of compounds are still very far from allowing applications in extremely high energy colliders. On the other hand, in the last few years, the technological and scientific improvements obtained for both the HTSCs and the conventional superconducting materials are very promising.This book reviews the recent status of R&D on the rising generation of superconducting materials for accelerator magnets and cavities, and discusses novel aspects and ideas in this domain.

This book presents the basics and applications of superconducting magnets. It explains the phenomenon of superconductivity, theories of superconductivity, type II superconductors and high-temperature cuprate superconductors. The main focus of the book is on the application to superconducting magnets to accelerators and fusion reactors and other applications of superconducting magnets. The thermal and electromagnetic stability criteria of the conductors and the present status of the fabrication techniques for future magnet applications are addressed. The book is based on the long experience of the author in studying superconducting materials, building magnets and numerous lectures delivered to scholars. A researcher and graduate student will enjoy reading the book to learn various aspects of magnet applications of superconductivity. The book provides the knowledge in the field of applied superconductivity in a comprehensive way.

This book introduces the physics and technology of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (LHC), highlighting the most recent modifications that shaped the final configuration, which is now in the advanced stages of its construction.This new High-Luminosity configuration of the LHC is the major accelerator project of this decade and will give new life to the LHC after its first fifteen years of operation, allowing for more precise measurements of the Higgs Boson and extending the mass limit reach for new particles.The LHC is such a highly optimized machine that upgrading it requires breakthroughs in many areas. Unsurprisingly, the High-Luminosity LHC required a long R&D period to bring into life an innovative accelerator magnet, based on Nb3Sn and capable of generating fields in the 11-12 T range, as well as many other new accelerator technologies such as superconducting compact RF crab cavities, advanced collimation concepts, a novel powering technology based on high temperature superconducting links, and others.The book is a self-consistent series of papers, which addresses all technology and design issues. Each paper can be read separately as well. The first few papers provide a summary of the whole project, the physics motivation, and the accelerator challenges. Altogether, this book brings the reader to the heart of the technologies that will also be key for the next generation of hadron colliders.This book is an essential reference for physicists and engineers in the field of hadron colliders and LHC related issues and can also be read by postgraduate students.

Particle accelerators are a major invention of the 20th century. In the last eight decades, they have evolved enormously and have fundamentally changed the way we live, think and work.Accelerators are the most powerful microscopes for viewing the tiniest inner structure of cells, genes, molecules, atoms and their constituents such as protons, neutrons, electrons, neutrinos and quarks. This opens up a whole new world for materials science, chemistry and molecular biology. Accelerators with megawatt beam power may ultimately solve a critical problem faced by our society, namely, the treatment of nuclear waste and the supply of an alternative type of energy.There are also tens of thousands of small accelerators all over the world. They are used every day for medical imaging, cancer therapy, radioisotope production, high-density chip-making, mass spectrometry, cargo x-ray/gamma-ray imaging, detection of explosives and illicit drugs, and weapons. This volume provides a comprehensive review of this driving and fascinating field.The poster (also available in 1118 x 406 mm size) which illustrates the history and development of particle accelerators from 1919 to the future can be purchased separately

This book is dedicated to superconducting technology and its applications, including superconducting magnets (SC magnets) and superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities.