Climate change, agricultural practices, and landscape changes have caused ecosystem fragmentation and increased the parasite spillover from wildlife to humans and domestic animals, and vice versa. Wild animals have a very important role in maintaining and spreading different pathogens to domestic animals and humans. Most of these pathogens affect more than one animal species, complicating their control in nature. Parasitic diseases are commonly identified in wild animals, livestock, and companion animals. In domestic animals, prevention and antiparasitic treatments are necessary for good health and are used to treat and prevent infections. However, if left untreated some parasitic diseases severely affect the host and more rarely, can be fatal.

The Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR) was established in 1979 as a semi autonomous Institution of the University of Ghana. In 2000 it became one of the six founding constituent institutions of the College of Health Sciences. Its original mandate, to research into infectious tropical diseases of public health importance in Ghana, has lately been expanded to include non-communicable diseases. The Institute since its inception has offered undergraduate and graduate research opportunities, and training to numerous students and scientists as well as specialized diagnostic services to support national health programmes. The varied papers presented in these two volumes show that the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research has a diverse research portfolio aimed at supporting health care policy formulation and delivery in Ghana. It envisaged that students in tertiary institutions, especially those contemplating a career in biomedical research, research scientists as well as the general public, will come to appreciate the broad field of research being conducted in the Institute. Policy makers should also find the readers useful as they provide data, which could underpin health policies in the country. Volume one presents papers on malaria while volume two covers other research areas including TB, neglected tropical diseases, diarrhoea and viral infections as well as phyto-medicines and health systems. We hope that this will stimulate wide discussions to appreciate the work of the University and the Institute in particular.

Camelids including Old World camels (OWC; one-humped dromedary and two-humped Bactrian camels) and New World camels (NWC; llama, alpaca, guanaco, vicuna) have exceptional anatomical, physiological, and behavioral features and a high capacity for adaptation and survival in different environments. Camelid infectious diseases are important for the economy and tourism of many countries. In this context, prevention and control of these diseases has a positive impact in terms of food security, economic growth, etc. Recent years have witnessed a marked increase in the number of research on camelid infectious diseases, most probably due to the public health concerns following the emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and worldwide increasing interest in camel products. However, camelid diseases are still somewhat under-researched in comparison with other livestock and companion animals. This Research Topic is expected to cover new findings in the field of camelids infectious diseases.

From the development of each vaccine to its use in reducing disease, Plotkin's Vaccines, 7th Edition, provides the expert information you need to provide optimal care to your patients. This award-winning text offers a complete understanding of each disease, as well as the latest knowledge of both existing vaccines and those currently in research and development. Described by Bill Gates as "an indispensable guide to the enhancement of the well-being of our world," Plotkin's Vaccines is a must-have reference for current, authoritative information in this fast-moving field. - Includes complete information for each disease, including clinical characteristics, microbiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, epidemiology, and public health and regulatory issues – plus complete information for each vaccine, including its stability, immunogenicity, efficacy, duration of immunity, adverse events, indications, contraindications, precautions, administration with other vaccines, and disease-control strategies. - Analyzes the cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness of different vaccine options. - Helps you clearly visualize concepts and objective data through an abundance of tables and figures. - Covers the new oral cholera and zoster vaccines, as well as newly licensed meningococcal group B vaccines and a newly licensed dengue vaccine. - Brings you up to date on successful human trials of Ebola vaccines, an enterovirus 71 vaccine licensed in China, and new recommendations and changes to polio vaccines. - Features a new chapter on maternal immunization. - Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Zoonoses, diseases transmitted from animals to humans, hold immense global significance, impacting public health, economies, and ecosystems. Adopting the One Health approach, which recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, is crucial in tackling these challenges. Zoonotic diseases pose significant public health threats. Diseases like rabies, Ebola, and influenza have claimed countless lives worldwide. Without proper management, these diseases can rapidly escalate into pandemics, as seen with the COVID-19 pandemic, originating from a zoonotic transmission. The health of humans and animals are intricately linked, making collaborative efforts essential for disease prevention and control. Zoonoses have profound economic implications. Outbreaks can devastate agricultural sectors, leading to loss of livestock, reduced productivity, and trade restrictions. For instance, the 2001 foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in the United Kingdom resulted in billions of dollars in economic losses. Addressing zoonoses through a One Health approach can safeguard livelihoods and ensure food security. Furthermore, zoonotic diseases impact biodiversity and ecosystems. Diseases like West Nile virus and Lyme disease can affect wildlife populations, disrupting ecosystems and biodiversity. Additionally, habitat destruction and wildlife trafficking increase the likelihood of zoonotic spillover events. We can mitigate these risks and preserve ecosystem integrity through conservation efforts and sustainable land-use practices. The global importance of zoonoses cannot be overstated. By embracing the One Health approach, we can address these complex challenges comprehensively. Collaboration between human and veterinary medicine, environmental science, and other disciplines is essential for effective disease surveillance, prevention, and control. By prioritizing the health of people, animals, and the environment, we can build a safer, healthier future for all.

Zoonotic diseases – pathogens transmitted from animals to people – offer particularly challenging problems for global health institutions and actors, given the complex social-ecological dynamics at play. New forms of risk caused by unprecedented global connectivity and rapid social and environmental change demand new approaches. ‘One Health’ highlights the need for collaboration across sectors and disciplines to tackle zoonotic diseases. However, there has been little exploration of how social, political and economic contexts influence efforts to ‘do’ One Health. This book fills this gap by offering a much needed political economy analysis of zoonosis research and policy. Through ethnographic, qualitative and quantitative data, the book draws together a diverse number of case studies. These include chapters exploring global narratives about One Health operationalization and prevailing institutional bottlenecks; the evolution of research networks over time; and the histories and politics behind conflicting disease control approaches. The themes from these chapters are further contextualized and expanded upon through country-specific case studies – from Kenya, Zambia, Nigeria, Ghana and Sierra Leone – exploring the translation of One Health research and policy into the African context. This book is a valuable resource for academic researchers, students and policy practitioners in the areas of global health, agriculture and development.

From the latest vaccination evidence, recommendations, and protocols . . . to new vaccine development and the use of vaccines in reducing disease, Plotkin's Vaccines, 8th Edition, covers every aspect of vaccination. Now completely revised and updated from cover to cover, this award-winning text continues to provide reliable information from global authorities, offering a complete understanding of each disease, as well as the latest knowledge of both existing vaccines and those currently in research and development. Described by Bill Gates as "an indispensable guide to the enhancement of the well-being of our world," Plotkin's Vaccines is a must-have reference for current, authoritative information in this fast-moving field. - Contains all-new chapters on COVID-19, vaccine hesitancy, and non-specific effects of vaccines, as well as significantly revised content on new vaccine technologies such as mRNA vaccines, emerging vaccines, and technologies to improve immunization. - Presents exciting new data on evolution of adjuvants across the centuries, dengue vaccines, human papillomavirus vaccines, respiratory syncytial virus vaccines, tuberculosis vaccines, and zoster vaccines. - Provides up-to-date, authoritative information on vaccine production, available preparations, efficacy and safety, and recommendations for vaccine use, with rationales and data on the impact of vaccination programs on morbidity and mortality. - Provides complete coverage of each disease, including clinical characteristics, microbiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as epidemiology and public health and regulatory issues. - Keeps you up to date with information on each vaccine, including its stability, immunogenicity, efficacy, duration of immunity, adverse events, indications, contraindications, precautions, administration with other vaccines, and disease-control strategies. - Covers vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccine science, and licensed vaccine products, as well as product technologies and global regulatory and public health issues. - Analyzes the cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness of different vaccine options. - Helps you clearly visualize concepts and objective data through an abundance of tables and figures. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.