Roughly one in every five patients referred to a neurologist suffers from headaches; the majority have migraines. Although headache specialists understand migraine on a clinical basis, the pathophysiological changes that provoke and accompany the development of a migraine attack continue to elude us. Several decades have passed since the pioneering electroencephalographic study by Golla and Winter (1959), which underscored the role of abnormal rhythmic activities in migraine. Since then, there have been substantial advances in the field; a wealth of neurophysiological studies has enriched our understanding of the pathophysiological facets of the migraine pathology. Virtually every known technique of clinical electrophysiology has since been used to study the migraine brain and, more recently, new neurophysiological tools have been added to the arsenal. Nevertheless, applying the principles of peripheral and central neuromodulation offers a promising way to transfer the principles of synaptic plasticity to the patient’s bedside. This book belongs to the Headache Series endorsed by the European Headache Federation. Written by internationally recognized experts in their respective fields, it covers all aspects of clinical neurophysiological methods that represent significant advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of migraine. It will offer a valuable toolkit for beginners, and a reference guide for experts.

Roughly one in every five patients referred to a neurologist suffers from headaches; the majority have migraines. Although headache specialists understand migraine on a clinical basis, the pathophysiological changes that provoke and accompany the development of a migraine attack continue to elude us. Several decades have passed since the pioneering electroencephalographic study by Golla and Winter (1959), which underscored the role of abnormal rhythmic activities in migraine. Since then, there have been substantial advances in the field; a wealth of neurophysiological studies has enriched our understanding of the pathophysiological facets of the migraine pathology. Virtually every known technique of clinical electrophysiology has since been used to study the migraine brain and, more recently, new neurophysiological tools have been added to the arsenal. Nevertheless, applying the principles of peripheral and central neuromodulation offers a promising way to transfer the principles of synaptic plasticity to the patient's bedside. This book belongs to the Headache Series endorsed by the European Headache Federation. Written by internationally recognized experts in their respective fields, it covers all aspects of clinical neurophysiological methods that represent significant advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of migraine. It will offer a valuable toolkit for beginners, and a reference guide for experts.

Clinical neurophysiologic testing plays a critical role as a complement to the clinical assessment in patients who are being evaluated for a variety of neurologic symptoms. Many different techniques and methods of assessment can be used to evaluate the function of the nervous system, including electroencephalography, electromyography, evoked potentials, movement disorder studies, and sleep studies. An accurate understanding of the role of these tests and reliable technical performance and interpretation of these studies is critical in clinical practice. This new edition in the Contemporary Neurology Series remains an essential resource for physicians and technologists learning or utilizing clinical neurophysiology in their training or practice. This fifth edition updates the basic concepts underlying each of the techniques used in clinical neurophysiology and provides detailed descriptions of the methods, findings, studies, and value of the wide range of electrophysiologic testing available for patients with epilepsy and spells, neuromuscular diseases, movement disorders, demyelinating diseases, sleep disorders, autonomic disorders, and those undergoing orthopaedic and neurosurgical procedures in the operative setting. The role of each type of study, the interpretation of findings, and the application of the studies to different types of clinical problems are detailed throughout the text. It is a practical textbook for neurologists, physiatrists and clinical neurophysiologists in clinical or research practice or in training.

Migraine Biology, Diagnosis, and Co-Morbidities, Volume 195 covers a wide range of issues related to migraine. The epidemiology, global and personal impacts of migraine are covered, including topics on the pathophysiology of migraine and migraine aura, the pathophysiology of the associated symptoms of photophobia and phonophobia, and the genetics of migraine. The classification and diagnostic criteria of common and uncommon subtypes of migraine are also explored in detail, including childhood variants. Issues related to the diagnosis and management of vestibular migraine and the co-morbid disorder of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness are also covered. The important comorbidities of migraine such as anxiety, depression and other forms of chronic pain will also be discussed, along with the current state and future directions of migraine research and management. - Summarizes research and clinical information on the pathophysiology of migraines - Explores the pathophysiology of aura, photophobia, and phonophobia - Discusses migraine triggers - Reviews migraine subtypes and comorbid conditions in migraine - Explores the relationship of migraine to chronic pain and cerebrovascular and psychological conditions - Concludes with future directions in migraine research and treatment

The Migraine Brain provides a general overview of the history of migraine, its pathophysiology, as well as in-depth details on the Clinical Perspectives and the different imaging techniques in use (MR, fMRI, DTI, VBM, PET, fMRI, and MEG). It also includes details on modulation of the brain using such techniques as TMS. The book concludes with a discussion of future uses of imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of migraines and other headaches.

Headache syndromes rank amongst the most common presenting symptoms in general practice and neurology, affecting up to 15% of the adult population. Part of the Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology series, the Oxford Textbook of Headache Syndromes provides clinicians with a definitive resource for diagnosing and managing patients with primary and secondary forms of headaches, either as isolated complaints or as part of a more complex syndrome. Split into 7 key sections with 59 chapters, this comprehensive work discusses the scientific basis and practical management of headache syndromes in a logical format. Each chapter is written by international experts in neurology who share their research and extensive experience by providing a wealth of practical advice for use in clinical situations. In addition, all content is up-to-date and chapters incorporate discussions on the latest International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition when relevant.

Published with the New York Academy of Sciences A timely, broad-ranging exploration of the neurobiological basis and molecular mechanisms of migraines Migraines impact the lives of a significant portion of the world's population, afflicting sufferers with severe pain, nausea, and often visual impairment. The WHO views migraines as an important public health issue, and ranks them in its top twenty most disabling illnesses. Neurobiological Basis of Migraine reviews the latest advances made in our understanding of the primary basic mechanisms of migraine headache and provides valuable insights into how these findings are being translated into novel treatment and prevention strategies around the world. Written for researchers and clinicians alike, the book features edited contributions from distinguished experts in the field, taking a focused, yet wide-ranging approach to the subject. It begins by exploring the pathways and networks mediating migraine headaches, their underlying physiological mechanisms, characteristics of visceral pain, and the concept of dural neurogenic inflammation. From there the authors delve into the mechanisms sustaining the head pain and photophobia associated with migraines, and they review the pharmacology of newly discovered migraine treatments. These basic chapters are followed by clinical and genetic studies linking to key issues, including cortical spreading depression, ion channels, transporters, and epilepsy. Reviews of the latest advances in our understanding of the neurobiological basis of migraine Translates important research findings from around the globe into novel treatments strategies currently being investigated Provides researchers and clinicians with a deep understanding of the primary mechanisms of migraine from migraine modeling to clinical applications Includes contributions by many of the most respected researchers in the field, world-wide Discusses exciting recent developments in migraine mutations and their role in CSD, as well as the role of CSD in aura and trigeminal activation Timely, comprehensive, and authoritative, Neurobiological Basis of Migraine is an indispensable working resource for clinicians and migraine, headache, and pain researchers, including neurobiologists, neuropharmacologists, neurologists, and vascular neurobiologists, as well as graduate students in those fields who are involved in researching migraine headaches.

Pediatric Brain Stimulation: Mapping and Modulating the Developing Brain presents the latest on this rapidly expanding field that has seen an exponential growth in publications over the past 10 years. Non-invasive modalities like TMS can painlessly map and measure complex neurophysiology in real patients. Neuromodulatory applications like rTMS and tDCS carry increasingly proven therapeutic applications. Rapidly advancing technological methodologies are increasing opportunities and indications. Despite all these benefits, applications in the more plastic developing brains of children are only just emerging. This book provides a comprehensive overview of brain stimulation in children. Chapters include Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) fundamentals, brain stimulation in pediatric neurological conditions, and invasive brain stimulation. The main audience for this research will be those interested in applying brain stimulation technologies to advance clinical research and patient care, although a wide variety of clinicians and scientist will find this to be a valuable reference on brain stimulation with specific chapters on a variety of conditions. - Provides an overview of recent findings and knowledge of pediatric brain stimulation and the developing brain - Edited by renowned leaders in the field of pediatric brain stimulation - Presents a great resource for basic and clinical scientists and practitioners in neuroscience, neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry

This book is designed to acquaint serious students, scientists, and clinicians with magnetic source imaging (MSI)--a brain imaging technique of proven importance that promises even more important advances. The technique permits spatial resolution of neural events on a scale measured in millimeters and temporal resolution measured in milliseconds. Although widely mentioned in literature dealing with cognitive neuroscience and functional brain imaging, there is no single book describing both the foundations and actual methods of magnetoencephalopgraphy and its underlying science, neuromagnetism. This volume fills a long-standing need, as it is accessible to scientists and students having no special background in the field, and makes it possible for them to understand this literature and undertake their own research. A self-contained unit, this book covers MSI from beginning to end, including its relationship to allied technologies, such as electroencephalography and modern functional imaging modalities. In addition, the book: *introduces the field to the non-specialist, providing a framework for the rest of the book; *provides a thorough review of the physiological basis of MSI; *describes the mathematical bases of MSI--the forward and inverse problems; *outlines new signal processing methods that extract information from single-trial MEG; *depicts the early, as well as the most recent versions of MSI technology; *compares MSI with other imaging methodologies; *describes new paradigms and analysis techniques in applying MSI to study human perception and cognition, which are also applicable to EEG; and *reviews some of the most important results in MSI from the most prominent researchers and laboratories around the world.