The explosion of scientific information is exacerbating the information gap between richer/poorer, educated/less-educated publics. The proliferation of media technology and the popularity of the Internet help some keep up with these developments but also make it more likely others fall further behind. This is taking place in a globalizing economy and society that further complicates the division between information haves and have-nots and compounds the challenge of communicating about emerging science and technology to increasingly diverse audiences. Journalism about science and technology must fill this gap, yet journalists and journalism students themselves struggle to keep abreast of contemporary scientific developments. Scientist - aided by public relations and public information professionals - must get their stories out, not only to other scientists but also to broader public audiences. Funding agencies increasingly expect their grantees to engage in outreach and education, and such activity can be seen as both a survival strategy and an ethical imperative for taxpayer-supported, university-based research. Science communication, often in new forms, must expand to meet all these needs. Providing a comprehensive introduction to students, professionals and scholars in this area is a unique challenge because practitioners in these fields must grasp both the principles of science and the principles of science communication while understanding the social contexts of each. For this reason, science journalism and science communication are often addressed only in advanced undergraduate or graduate specialty courses rather than covered exhaustively in lower-division courses. Even so, those entering the field rarely will have a comprehensive background in both science and communication studies. This circumstance underscores the importance of compiling useful reference materials. The Encyclopedia of Science and Technology Communication presents resources and strategies for science communicators, including theoretical material and background on recent controversies and key institutional actors and sources. Science communicators need to understand more than how to interpret scientific facts and conclusions; they need to understand basic elements of the politics, sociology, and philosophy of science, as well as relevant media and communication theory, principles of risk communication, new trends, and how to evaluate the effectiveness of science communication programmes, to mention just a few of the major challenges. This work will help to develop and enhance such understanding as it addresses these challenges and more. Topics covered include: advocacy, policy, and research organizations environmental and health communication philosophy of science media theory and science communication informal science education science journalism as a profession risk communication theory public understanding of science pseudo-science in the news special problems in reporting science and technology science communication ethics.

Contents: (1) Intro.; Federal and State Government Interaction; (2) Statutory Framework for Enforcement of Pollution Control Laws and Key Players: Key Players in Environ. Enforcement and Compliance: EPA; U.S. Dept. of Justice; Other Federal Agencies; States and ¿Delegated Authority¿; Citizens; (3) Enforcement at Federal Facilities: Enforcement Response and Compliance Tools; Monitoring, Inspections, and Evaluations; Civil Admin. Actions; Civil and Criminal Judicial Enforcement; Sanctions and Penalties: Penalties Assessed to Federal Facilities; Environ. Justice and Enforcement/Compliance (E/C); Compliance Assistance and Incentive Approaches; (4) Funding for E/C Activities. Examples of Reported Enforcement Actions and Penalties Over Time. Illus. and tables.

A systematic evaluation of the implementation of the federal government's environmental justice policies.

Environmental Regulation: Law, Science, and Policy demystifies the complexity of environmental law. It provides up-to-date, comprehensive and accessible coverage of this rapidly changing field. After exploring the causes of environmental problems and the moral values they implicate, the casebook provides a structural overview of the regulatory system. It considers how environmental law seeks to protect public health and the environment from climate change, toxic chemicals, hazardous wastes, and air and water pollution. This casebook covers land use regulation, protection of biodiversity, environmental impact assessment, environmental enforcement, and international environmental law. Written in a style accessible to the non-specialist, this casebook affords instructors flexibility in organizing courses. Effective teaching and study aids include outlines of the structure of each environmental statute, real-world-based problems and questions, “pathfinders” explaining where to find crucial source materials for every major topic, an extensive glossary, and a list of acronyms. The accompanying Website is kept current with annual statutory and case supplements. New to the 9th Edition: The most comprehensive updating and editing of this classic casebook since the first edition helped define the field nearly thirty years ago, including: Biden administration reversals of Trump changes to federal environmental policy How efforts to combat the climate crisis are affecting all areas of environmental law New material on environmental justice throughout the casebook The impact of the global pandemic on environmental law and policy New material on the social cost of carbon, PFAS and chemical testing, the Navigable Waters Protection Rule, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, environmental enforcement, and private environmental governance Excerpts from important new court decisions including: County of Mauiv. Hawaii Wildlife Fund (groundwater and the Clean Water Act) ARCO v. Christian (the impact of CERCLA on state remedies for environmental contamination) Weyerhaeuser v. US Fish & Wildlife Service (critical habitat for endangered species) American Lung Ass’n v. EPA (DC Circuit’s 2021 decision invalidating the Trump administration’s Affordable Clean Energy regulations for greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act) Juliana v. US (9th Circuit decision dismissing claims that the federal government violated constitutional environmental rights by promoting fossil fuels) McKiverv. Murphy-Brown (4th Circuit decision on private nuisance, CAFOS and environmental justice) Jam v. International Finance Corporation (immunity of international development bank for financing coal-fired power plant in India) New and improved problem exercises Streamlined and more tightly edited and featuring a new Teacher’s Manual Professors and students will benefit from: Comprehensive and up-to-date coverage in a style accessible to the non-specialist Self-contained chapters for flexibility in organizing courses A detailed examination of policy Focus on environmental statutes How statutes translate into regulations Factors that affect real-world behavior Effective teaching and study aids Outlines of the structure of each environmental statute Real-world-based problems and questions “pathfinders” explaining where to find crucial source materials for every major subject area Extensive glossary List of acronyms