Pathobiology of Cell Membranes, Volume II, is the second in a multivolume treatise on pathobiological aspects of cell membranes that aims to give the reader an overview of developments concerning the role of altered cell membranes in various pathological processes. This volume includes not only information on pathobiological aspects of cell membranes as studied at the molecular and subcellular level but also important new advances in the role of membranes in human diseases such as multiple sclerosis, shock lung, muscle dystrophies, and hematological disorders. The book begins by discussing a very important and yet poorly known aspect of cellular metabolism; namely, the compartmentalization of intracellular cations such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium. This is followed by separate chapters on fundamentals of membrane conformational changes in the erythrocyte model; the structure and function of peroxisomes and their role in disease processes; the use of invertebrate models for studies of pathological reactions; and reactions of lysosomes to cellular injury. Subsequent chapters deal with the pathology of skeletal muscle membranes; the shock lung syndrome; cellular mechanisms involved in jaundice and cholestasis; and pathology of the endothelium.

The general process of lipid peroxidation consists of three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination. The initiation phase of lipid peroxidation includes hydrogen atom abstraction. Several species can abstract the first hydrogen atom and include the radicals: hydroxyl, alkoxyl, peroxyl, and possibly HO* 2. The membrane lipids, mainly phospholipids, containing polyunsaturated fatty acids are predominantly susceptible to peroxidation because abstraction from a methylene group of a hydrogen atom, which contains only one electron, leaves at the back an unpaired electron on the carbon. The initial reaction of *OH with polyunsaturated fatty acids produces a lipid radical (L*), which in turn reacts with molecular oxygen to form a lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH). Further, the LOOH formed can suffer reductive cleavage by reduced metals, such as Fe++, producing lipid alkoxyl radical (LO*). Peroxidation of lipids can disturb the assembly of the membrane, causing changes in fluidity and permeability, alterations of ion transport and inhibition of metabolic processes. In addition, LOOH can break down, frequently in the presence of reduced metals or ascorbate, to reactive aldehyde products, including malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE) and acrolein. Lipid peroxidation is one of the major outcomes of free radical-mediated injury to tissue mainly because it can greatly alter the physicochemical properties of membrane lipid bilayers, resulting in severe cellular dysfunction. In addition, a variety of lipid by-products are produced as a consequence of lipid peroxidation, some of which can exert beneficial biological effects under normal physiological conditions. Intensive research performed over the last decades have also revealed that by-products of lipid peroxidation are also involved in cellular signalling and transduction pathways under physiological conditions, and regulate a variety of cellular functions, including normal aging. In the present collection of articles, both aspects (adverse and benefitial) of lipid peroxidation are illustrated in different biological paradigms. We expect this eBook may encourage readers to expand the current knowledge on the complexity of physiological and pathophysiological roles of lipid peroxidation.

This book lays out the principles of general pathology for biomedical researchers, grad students, medical students, and physicians, with elegance and deep insight. Disease processes are explained in the light of malfunctions at the cellular level, offering a rich understanding of the clinical correlates of all aspects of fundamental cellular physiology and basic biomedicine. The book has been fully revised and updated to present a current but deep understanding of disease states at the cell and tissue levels - cellular pathology, inflammation, immunopathology vascular disturbance, and tumor biology.

Linking basic science to clinical application throughout, Histology and Cell Biology: An Introduction to Pathology, 5th Edition, helps students build a stronger clinical knowledge base in the challenging area of pathologic abnormalities. This award-winning text presents key concepts in an understandable, easy-to-understand manner, with full-color illustrations, diagrams, photomicrographs, and pathology photos fully integrated on every page. Student-friendly features such as highlighted clinical terms, Clinical Conditions boxes, Essential Concepts boxes, concept mapping animations, and more help readers quickly grasp complex information. Features new content on cancer immunotherapy, satellite cells and muscle repair, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in relation to cancer treatment, and mitochondria replacement therapies. Presents new material on ciliogenesis, microtubule assembly and disassembly, chromatin structure and condensation, and X chromosome inactivation, which directly impact therapy for ciliopathies, infertility, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. Provides thoroughly updated information on gestational trophoblastic diseases, molecular aspects of breast cancer, and basic immunology, including new illustrations on the structure of the T-cell receptor, CD4+ cells subtypes and functions, and the structure of the human spleen. Uses a new, light green background throughout the text to identify essential concepts of histology – a feature requested by both students and instructors to quickly locate which concepts are most important for beginning learners or when time is limited. These essential concepts are followed by more detailed information on cell biology and pathology. Contains new Primers in most chapters that provide a practical, self-contained integration of histology, cell biology, and pathology – perfect for clarifying the relationship between basic and clinical sciences. Identifies clinical terms throughout the text and lists all clinical boxes in the table of contents for quick reference. Helps students understand the links between chapter concepts with concept mapping animations on Student ConsultTM – an outstanding supplement to in-class instruction.

The physiology and pathology of membrane (contact or surface) digestion of the three main components of the food of animals and man is a rapidly developing field, and there is little doubt that newer ob servations will become available as time progresses. As the dis coverer of the phenomenon of membrane digestion, Professor Ugolev is well aware of the relative infancy of this subject, and in presenting the book at this time his primary purpose was to acquaint the reader with the experimental basis for the observed phenomenon and to stimulate interest in the further work required for the elucidation of details and for proper orientation. Translations as means of communication of ideas and experimental facts are of obvious importance and they require no apologies or explanations, particularly to those who are engaged in scientific endeavors. In making this book available to those who find the Russian language an insurmountable barrier, our main efforts were directed toward preserving the author's meaning, spirit, and intent as accurately as possible. It is hoped that this objective has been attained, and that the minor unintentional errors will be forgiven by the reader and by the author. The translator wishes to express to Professor Ugolev, whom he met in Leningrad in 1965, his appreciation for the trust in the ability of the translator to make Professor Ugolev's labor oflove, the present book, available in the English language.

Plant Pathology examines the host-pathogen interactions in the light of new tools and techniques of molecular biology and genetics. Scope of integrating microbial biopesticides in the management of pathogens, pests and weeds of agriculture and forestry has been evaluated. An account of over 150 important crop plant diseases of international importance including those of recent etiology are presented.

Phospholipases in Physiology and Pathology presents a comprehensive overview on the physiology and pathology of phospholipases. This seven-volume set considers the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of normal and abnormal cell function upon dysregulation of phospholipases in different diseases. Volumes cover signal transduction mechanisms, implications in cancer, infectious diseases, neural diseases, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases, implications in inflammation, apoptosis, gene expression and non-coding RNAs, the role of natural and synthetic compounds, and stem cell therapies, nanotechnology-based therapies, and more. Together, these volumes give researchers critical insight on the mechanistic and therapeutic aspects of phospholipases. Discusses the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of normal and abnormal cell function in different disease processes Covers a wide range of basic and translational research appropriate for scientists engaged in studying the regulation of phospholipases from interdisciplinary perspectives Features state-of-the-art chapter contributions from international leaders in the field

"The highly acclaimed foundation textbook Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine, now in its sixth edition, provides medical students with a lucid discussion of basic disease processes and their effects on cells, organs, and people. The streamlined coverage includes only what medical students need to know and provides clinical application of the chapter concepts. Icons signal discussions of pathogenesis, pathology, epidemiology, etiological factors, and clinical features. Rubin's Pathology is liberally illustrated with full-color graphic illustrations, gross pathology photos, and micrographs. The sixth edition is completely updated with expanded and revised context. A suite of exciting online tools for students includes a fully searchable e-text with all images, 140 interactive case studies, 1500 audio review questions, summary podcast lectures, and a selection of mobile flash cards for iPhone, iPod, and BlackBerry from the new Rubin's Pathology Mobile Flash Cards. Resources for faculty include a 600 question test generator and chapter outlines and objectives"--Provided by publisher.