Perovskite Materials and Devices A comprehensive overview of the important scientific and technological advances in commercialization of this important mineral Perovskite has held much interest for scientists and industrialists, as the mineral is abundantly available in nature. Due to the intriguing and unusual physical properties of perovskite materials—the high-absorption coefficient, low exciton-binding energy, and high dielectric constant, for example—there has been substantial focus on perovskite’s potential in applications. In particular, they have been of great use in sensors and catalyst electrodes, certain types of fuel cells, solar cells, lasers, memory devices, and spintronics, and as a result hold exciting opportunities for physicists, chemists, and material scientists alike. Perovskite Materials and Devices comprehensively covers all the milestone work in perovskites research, systematically introducing the properties, methods, and technologies associated with the mineral from fundamentals to promising applications to commercialization issues. The book focuses on traditional and novel electronic operations, such as solar cells, LEDs, lasing, photodetectors, X-ray detectors, transistors, and more. It also investigates ways to make the use of such materials more environmentally friendly, which in turn can make perovskite minerals more commercially viable. Perovskite Materials and Devices readers will also find Summaries of the latest state-of-the-art developments and technologies, such as perovskite nanocrystals and novel electronic devices Detailed discussion of organic/inorganic hybrid perovskites, all-inorganic perovskite CsPbX3, and lead-free halide perovskites Investigation of the photovoltaic applications, namely single-crystal devices, tandem cells, integrated devices, semi-transparent devices, and flexible devices Description of large-area module fabrication and stability investigating Perovskite Materials and Devices is a useful reference for materials scientists, solid state physicists and chemists, surface physicists and chemists, and electronic engineers. It is also an ideal resource for libraries that supply these fields.

Smart/intelligent systems is a primary technology for present and future applications in areas ranging from everyday life to aerospace missions, from civil to military environments, from robots to information technology. Smart materials are the critical foundation for high-performance smart devices, and smart devices are fundamental components for smart systems. The three cannot be separated. This book bridges the fields of smart materials, sensing and actuating devices, and intelligent systems, and provides an opportunity for researchers from all three arenas to channel information into a coherent, interdisciplinary community. Topics include: piezoelectric actuators; novel devices and systems; shape memory alloys and magnetostrictive devices; nanometer-scale processing and properties; piezoelectric materials; sensor materials and devices; and electroactive polymer actuators.

Atomic and Nano Scale Materials for Advanced Energy Conversion Discover the latest advancements in energy conversion technologies used to develop modern sustainable energy techniques In Atomic and Nano Scale Materials for Advanced Energy Conversion, expert interdisciplinary researcher Dr. Zongyou Yin delivers a comprehensive overview of nano-to-atomic scale materials science, the development of advanced electrochemical, photochemical, photoelectrochemical, and photovoltaic energy conversion strategies, and the applications for sustainable water splitting and other technologies. The book offers readers cutting-edge information of two-dimensional nano, mixed-dimensional nano, nano rare earth, clusters, and single atoms. It constructively evaluates emerging nano-to-atomic scale energy conversion technologies for academic research and development (R&D) researchers and industrial technique consultants and engineers. The author sets out a systematic analysis of recent energy-conversion science, covering topics like adaptable manufacturing of Van der Waals heterojunctions, mixed-dimensional junctions, tandem structures, and superlattices. He also discusses function-oriented engineering in polymorphic phases, photon absorption, excitons-charges conversion, non-noble plasmonics, and solid-liquid-gas interactions. Readers will also benefit from: A thorough introduction to emerging nanomaterials for energy conversion, including electrochemical, photochemical, photoelectrochemical, and photovoltaic energy conversion An exploration of clusters for energy conversion, including electrochemical, photochemical, and photoelectrochemical clusters Practical discussions of single atoms for energy conversion in electrochemical, photochemical, and photoelectrochemical energy conversion technologies A thorough analysis of future perspectives and directions in advanced energy conversion technology Perfect for materials scientists, photochemists, electrochemists, and inorganic chemists, Atomic and Nano Scale Materials for Advanced Energy Conversion is also a must-read resource for catalytic chemists interested in the intersection of advanced chemistry and physics in energy conversion technologies.

Organic–inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskite materials have attracted significant attention due to their advantages of low cost, tunable band gap, solution processing, high molar extinction coefficient, low exciton binding energy, and high carrier mobility. Perovskite absorber layers play a decisive role in the realization of high-power conversion efficiency in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This book systematically and comprehensively discusses device structures, working principles, and optimization strategies of perovskite absorber layers for PSCs to help foster commercialization of these environmentally friendly power sources. It describes strategies to optimize the quality of perovskite films, including composition engineering, dimensional engineering, solvent engineering, strain engineering, additive engineering, and interface engineering. This volume: Introduces crystal structures of perovskites, configurations of PSCs, and their working principles Discusses the modulation of perovskite compositions and dimensionality towards highly stable and efficient perovskite photovoltaics Details the advancements of low-dimensional PSCs including phase stability of perovskite films and strategies for modulating phases Summarizes progress in solvent engineering, additive engineering, and strain engineering in efficient and scalable perovskite photovoltaics Describes the complex crystallization dynamics of perovskites, interface engineering, and synergistic modulation of grain boundaries and interfaces in PSCs Highlights advances in ion migration and mitigation in halide perovskite solar cells and origins and elimination of hysteresis This book is aimed at researchers, advanced students, and industry professionals in materials, energy, and related areas of engineering who are interested in development and commercialization of photovoltaic technologies.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received significant attention in academia and industry due to their low cost and high-power conversion efficiency (PCE). Single- and multijunction PSCs have obtained promising certified PCEs, which suggests that PSCs are a very promising next-generation photovoltaic technology. In addition to the perovskite absorber layer, other functional layers, including electron transport layer (ETL), hole transport layer (HTL), and electrode layer (EL), have also made huge contributions to enhancing device performance. This book focuses on the development, advancement, and application of these functional layers in various PSCs. This volume: Introduces ETL, HTL, and EL in efficient and stable PSCs. Covers material properties. Discusses a wide variety of PSCs including single-crystal PSCs, flexible PSCs, perovskite tandem solar cells, lead-free PSCs, inorganic PSCs, fully printable mesoscopic PSCs, electron/hole-transport-layer-free PSCs, semitransparent PSCs for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), tandem solar cells, perovskite indoor photovoltaics, and inverted PSCs. Details potential for commercial application. This book is aimed at researchers, advanced students, and industry professionals in materials, energy, and related areas of engineering who are interested in development and commercialization of photovoltaic technologies.

Explore an authoritative resource with coverage of foundational concepts of photoconductivity and photoconductive materials In Photoconductivity and Photoconductive Materials, Professor Kasap delivers a definitive guide to the basic principles of photoconductivity and a selection of present topical photoconductive materials. Divided into two parts, the set begins with basic concepts and definitions and coverage of characterization using steady state, transient and modulated photoconductivity techniques, including the novel charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage (CELIV) method The physics of terahertz photoconductivity and fundamentals of organic semiconductors lsois are also covered. Part Two of the set starts with a comprehensive review of a wide range of photoconductive materials and then focuses on some of the most important photoconductors, including hydrogenated amorphous silicon, cadmium mercury telluride, various x-ray photoconductors, diamond films, metal halide perovskites, nanowires and quantum dots. Photoconductive antenna application is also included. Filled with contributions from leading authors in the field, this book also offers: A thorough introduction to the characterization of semiconductors from photoconductivity techniques, including uniform illumination and photocarrier grating techniques Comprehensive explorations of organic photoconductors, including photogeneration, transport, and applications in printing Practical discussions of time-of-flight transient photoconductivity, including experimental techniques and interpretation In-depth examinations of transient photoconductivity of organic semiconducting films and novel transient photoconductivity techniques Perfect for research physicists, materials scientists, and electrical engineers, Photoconductivity and Photoconductive Materials is also an indispensable resource for postgraduate and senior undergraduate students working in the area of optoelectronic materials, as well as researchers working in industry.

The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.

Edited by a leading expert in the field with contributions from experienced researchers in fibers and textiles, this handbook reviews the current state of fibrous materials and provides a broad overview of their use in research and development. Volume One focuses on the classes of fibers, their production and characterization, while the second volume concentrates on their applications, including emerging ones in the areas of energy, environmental science and healthcare. Unparalleled knowledge of high relevance to academia and industry.

Perovskites form a large class of materials, deceptively simple in basic structure but immensely complex in compositional variations, symmetry changes, and physical properties. They include ferroelectrics, magnetoresistive materials, oxide ion and proton conductors, superconductors, and an abundant phase in the Earth's lower mantle. This volume brings together researchers operating in diverse areas with the common goal of understanding perovskite's intrinsic and extrinsic properties and their potential use. A recurring theme is the interplay of theory and experiment in understanding and predicting properties. Sessions on theory and modeling are featured, emphasizing phase changes and elasticity of Earth materials such as MgSiO3, and CaSiO3, and underscoring new magnetic and ferroelectric materials, including thin films and multilayers. These are complemented by experimental studies of the synthesis of new families of perovskites and property measurements. The volume shows the diversity of materials, measurements, and ideas being studied at present.

This volume combines the proceedings of Symposium K, Materials and Devices for Optoelectronics and Photonics, and Symposium L, Photonic Crystals--From Materials to Devices, both from the 2002 MRS Spring Meeting in San Francisco. The two symposia served as a unique meeting place where a community of materials scientists and device-oriented engineers could present their latest results. Papers from Symposium K concentrate on materials for solid-state lighting, with particular emphasis on nitrides and other high-bandgap semiconductors and quantum dots, as well as materials for optical waveguides and interconnects. Presentations from Symposium L discuss theoretical methods and materials and fabrication techniques for 2D and 3D photonic crystals, with special emphasis on tunability of photonic crystals.