This is the first book to explore the epistemology and ethics of advanced imaging tests, in order to improve the critical understanding of the nature of knowledge they provide and the practical consequences of their utilization in healthcare. Advanced medical imaging tests, such as PET and MRI, have gained center stage in medical research and in patients’ care. They also increasingly raise questions that pertain to philosophy: What is required to be an expert in reading images? How are standards for interpretation to be fixed? Is there a problem of overutilization of such tests? How should uncertainty be communicated to patients? How to cope with incidental findings? This book is of interest and importance to scholars of philosophy of medicine at all levels, from undergraduates to researchers, to medical researchers and practitioners (radiologists and nuclear physicians) interested in a critical appraisal of the methodology of their discipline and in the ethical principles and consequences of their work.

This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Ethical & Philosophical Issues in Medical Imaging (EPIMI 2022); the 12th International Workshop on Multimodal Learning and Fusion Across Scales for Clinical Decision Support (ML-CDS 2022) and the 2nd International Workshop on Topological Data Analysis for Biomedical Imaging (TDA4BiomedicalImaging 2022), held in conjunction with the 25th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2022, in Singapore, in September 2022. EPIMI includes five short papers about various humanistic aspects of medical image computing and computer-assisted interventions. The ML-CDS papers discuss machine learning on multimodal data sets for clinical decision support and treatment planning. The TDA papers focus on Topological Data Analysis: a collection of techniques and tools that have matured from an increasing interest in the role topology plays in machine learning and data science.

Diagnosis is a practically-oriented guide to the complex reasoning, observations, and judgment that health professionals draw on to make a clinical diagnosis. Built on the cornerstone of the patient-physician relationship, this volume combines rigorous yet accessible conceptual analysis with actionable strategies for navigating uncertainty, making effective use of diagnostic tests, and understanding the economic, interpersonal, and ethical considerations influencing diagnosis. Across six chapters, Ashley Graham Kennedy tackles such thorny issues as overdiagnosis, underdiagnosis, and new complications from the Covid-19 pandemic, supplemented by carefully chosen medical case studies. In so doing, she demonstrates that even "ordinary" cases require a delicate balance of medical and ethical considerations in order to promote the patient's physical and mental well-being. Ultimately, this volume demonstrates that clinical diagnosis is not just about acquiring knowledge but also facilitating the health of the people it serves. With clarity and compassion, Diagnosis illuminates the ethical and philosophical underpinnings of the diagnostic process for the medical practitioner.

Clinical Medical Imaging Physics: Current and Emerging Practice is the first text of its kind--a comprehensive reference work covering all imaging modalities in use in clinical medicine today. Destined to become a classic in the field, this book provides state-of-practice descriptions for each imaging modality, followed by special sections on new and emerging applications, technologies, and practices. Authored by luminaries in the field of medical physics, this resource is a sophisticated, one-volume handbook to a fast-advancing field that is becoming ever more central to contemporary clinical medicine. Summarizes the current state of clinical medical imaging physics in one volume, with a focus on emerging technologies and applications Provides comprehensive coverage of all key clinical imaging modalities, taking into account the new realities in healthcare practice Features a strong focus on clinical application of principles and technology, now and in the future Contains authoritative text compiled by world-renowned editors and contributors responsible for guiding the development of the field Practicing radiologists and medical physicists will appreciate Clinical Medical Imaging Physics as a peerless everyday reference work. Additionally, graduate students and residents in medical physics and radiology will find this book essential as they study for their board exams.

This edited book focuses on the application of patient care within the three specialisms: diagnostic radiography (including fluoroscopy, computed tomography, breast imaging, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging), radiotherapy and oncology, and nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. Person-Centred Care in Radiology: International Perspectives on High-Quality Care draws from recent publications and clinical expertise, supported with this trend of technological advances and how they are supposed to enhance patient care. The chapters seek to uncover the role and behavior of radiographers. This will be supported with chapters on a key aspect, which will impact both radiographers and patients, vis-à-vis advancing technology. These chapters include topics such as artificial intelligence, image acquisition, coincided with topics surrounding ethics. The edited volume includes contributions from the United States, Canada, the UK and Australasia to bring together for the first time those at the forefront of this growing field in medical imaging. This book may be used to influence policymaking decisions and thus influence how healthcare delivery is offered in an ever-evolving imaging environment. In short, this text bridges the gap between what is advocated in the literature, with experience, as observed in practice. The targeted audience for this book is multifaceted. It will primarily be a book that facilitates undergraduate radiography students worldwide. It will offer a useful tool for academics delivering undergraduate (pre-registration) radiography programs. This book will act as a ‘primer’ for undergraduate students, but importantly ‘signpost’ to other key texts within the field. Further, academics will find this text useful as it aims to enrich scholarly learning, teaching and assessment to healthcare programs nationally and internationally.

The work of Richard M. Shiffrin has highly impacted the field of cognitive science, and current developments within perception and memory have been influenced by his ideas. In this volume, several key figures in the field will comment on these developments and put them in a wider perspective. Although many theories and models have been presented in recent years for various aspects of human cognition, there have not been many comparative evaluations that focus on how these models have really advanced our understanding of the underlying mechanisms. This volume will be a valuable source of information for both cognitive scientists working in the field, and researchers and students looking for a clear, accessible presentation of the key problems in cognitive science. Highlighted sections include attention and perception, memory functions and processes, knowledge representation and semantics, modelling approaches and applications.

Meta-Learning, or learning to learn, has become increasingly popular in recent years. Instead of building AI systems from scratch for each machine learning task, Meta-Learning constructs computational mechanisms to systematically and efficiently adapt to new tasks. The meta-learning paradigm has great potential to address deep neural networks' fundamental challenges such as intensive data requirement, computationally expensive training, and limited capacity for transfer among tasks.This book provides a concise summary of Meta-Learning theories and their diverse applications in medical imaging and health informatics. It covers the unifying theory of meta-learning and its popular variants such as model-agnostic learning, memory augmentation, prototypical networks, and learning to optimize. The book brings together thought leaders from both machine learning and health informatics fields to discuss the current state of Meta-Learning, its relevance to medical imaging and health informatics, and future directions. - First book on applying Meta Learning to medical imaging - Pioneers in the field as contributing authors to explain the theory and its development - Has GitHub repository consisting of various code examples and documentation to help the audience to set up Meta-Learning algorithms for their applications quickly

Imaging mass spectrometry (MS) techniques are often utilized without an understanding of their underlying principles, making it difficult for scientists to determine when and how they can exploit MS to visualize their biomolecules of interest. Introduction to Spatial Mapping of Biomolecules by Imaging Mass Spectrometry is an essential reference to help scientists determine the status and strategies of biomolecule analysis, describing its many applications for diverse classes of biomolecules. The book builds a foundation of imaging MS knowledge by introducing ionization sources, sample preparation, visualization guidelines, molecule identification, quantification, data analysis, etc. The second section contains chapters focused on case studies on analyzing a biomolecule class of molecules. Case studies include an introduction/background, and a summary of successful imaging MS studies with illustrative figures and future directions. - Provides the introductory foundations of imaging mass spectrometry for those new to the technique - Organized by topic to facilitate a quick deep dive, allowing researchers to immediately apply the imaging MS techniques to their work - Includes case studies summarizing the imaging MS techniques developed for the class of molecules

Now in its 44th edition, British Qualifications is the definitive one-volume guide to every qualification on offer in the United Kingdom. With full details of all institutions and organizations involved in the provision of further and higher education, this publication is an essential reference source for careers advisors, students and employers. It also includes a comprehensive and up-to-date description of the structure of further and higher education in the UK. The book includes information on awards provided by over 350 professional institutions and accrediting bodies, details of academic universities and colleges and a full description of the current framework of academic and vocational education. It is compiled and checked annually to ensure accuracy of information.

This volume has about 760 pages, split into 25 chapters, from 41 contributors. First part of this book presents advances of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) which is becoming one of the most comprehensive and flexible fusion theory based on belief functions. It can work in all fusion spaces: power set, hyper-power set, and super-power set, and has various fusion and conditioning rules that can be applied depending on each application. Some new generalized rules are introduced in this volume with codes for implementing some of them. For the qualitative fusion, the DSm Field and Linear Algebra of Refined Labels (FLARL) is proposed which can convert any numerical fusion rule to a qualitative fusion rule. When one needs to work on a refined frame of discernment, the refinement is done using Smarandache¿s algebraic codification. New interpretations and implementations of the fusion rules based on sampling techniques and referee functions are proposed, including the probabilistic proportional conflict redistribution rule. A new probabilistic transformation of mass of belief is also presented which outperforms the classical pignistic transformation in term of probabilistic information content. The second part of the book presents applications of DSmT in target tracking, in satellite image fusion, in snow-avalanche risk assessment, in multi-biometric match score fusion, in assessment of an attribute information retrieved based on the sensor data or human originated information, in sensor management, in automatic goal allocation for a planetary rover, in computer-aided medical diagnosis, in multiple camera fusion for tracking objects on ground plane, in object identification, in fusion of Electronic Support Measures allegiance report, in map regenerating forest stands, etc.