Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the periodontium, which is initiated and propagated by bacteria. The main goal of nonsurgical periodontal therapy is to reduce pathogenic bacteria by scaling and root planing (SRP). However, there are some limitations to closed mechanical debridement such as presence of root curvatures, furcation involvement, and deep pocket. Also, patients having risks of systemic disease, hereditary factors, and smoking, which are accompanied by persistent infection with particular periodontal pathogenic bacteria, recolonization of the periodontal tissues by pathogens is common after treatment. These problems necessitate other protocols with the aim of potentiating the effects of mechanical therapy. Among these protocols, Photodynamic therapy (PDT) acts as an adjunctive approach to nonsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis. PDT was first used in the treatment of neoplasms. It requires the use of a photosensitizing agent, which is activated by light to destroy bacteria and their by-products. Moreover, the PDT is also associated with risks and side effects related to light energy, photosensitizer, and related photochemical reaction. While using the lasers as the light source for the therapy, there are certain concerns that should be focused and rules that should be followed.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is increasingly being used amongst health practitioners in combating a variety of diseases. This book reviews the current state of development of PDT, and also presents the foreseeable advancements of the field in the next decade. Practitioners in biological sciences, biotechnology and medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry will find this book an invaluable source of information. Chapters are drawn from research discussed at the 10th International Symposium on Photodynamic Therapy and Photodiagnosis in Clinical Practice in Brixen and are written and edited by leaders in the field. Mirroring the philosophy of that meeting, this book contains an informative balance of the basic science and clinical applications of PDT. Following an introduction to PDT, its history, and how techniques have developed, chapters serve as a practical guide for practitioners, covering topics such as sensitizer dosage and light dosage, and examples of relevant studies. The text goes further to explore areas outside the medical field, such as the impact of PDT on society and the environment, and the economics of therapies. This book is dedicated to the memory of Professor Giulio Jori, an expert in this field, who sadly passed away on the 23rd December 2014.

Expand your skills in the rapidly growing field of laser dentistry! Principles and Practice of Laser Dentistry uses a concise, evidence-based approach in describing protocols and procedures. Dr. Robert A. Convissar, a renowned lecturer on this subject, has assembled a diverse panel of international contributors; he’s also one of the first general dentists to use lasers in his practice. The book covers the history of lasers in dentistry and laser research, plus the use of lasers in periodontics, periodontal surgery, oral pathology, implantology, fixed and removable prosthetics, cosmetic procedures, endodontics, operative dentistry, pediatrics, orthodontics, and oral and maxillofacial surgery. Full-color images show the latest laser technology, surgical techniques, and key steps in patient treatment. Full-color photos and illustrations demonstrate surgical techniques and key teaching points. A Laser Fundamentals chapter describes the physics of lasers and the wavelengths that can produce better outcomes. Introducing Lasers into the Dental Practice chapter provides guidelines on investing in laser technology and in marketing this new procedure. Clinical Tip and Caution boxes include advice and alerts that can only be offered by a seasoned practitioner of 27 years.

- Extensively revised with the most recent advances in periodontology and implantology - Case based scenarios are provided at the end of relevant chapters for application of clinical knowledge gained from the chapters - Important Key Points are summarized at the end of each chapter for quick revision - Presented in a student-friendly format with more line diagrams, high quality clinical pictures, radiographs, tables, flowcharts and boxes for better understanding of the subject - Emphasizes on understanding the clinical phenomena in terms of underlying tissue changes, thereby, correlating basic sciences with clinical aspects of periodontal disease and the various therapeutic measures currently in use - Includes completely updated chs like Cementum, Dental plaque, Clinical features of gingivitis, Role of iatrogenic and other local factors in periodontal disease, Periodontal instrumentation, Plaque control, Periodontal flap surgery, Peri-implantitis - 15 Educational videos as digital resource on www.medenact.com - Case- based scenarios provided in relevant chs for bridging the gap between theory and practice - Clinical Aspect of learned concepts emphasized with addition of more than 200 new line arts - Viva-voce and MCQ with answers given for all the chapters provided to recapitulate learnt concepts - Elaborate material on Case history recording and clinical examination provided in chapter on Clinical Diagnosis

Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy discusses the pros and cons of the use of nanostructured materials in the prevention and eradication of infections, highlighting the efficient microbicidal effect of nanoparticles against antibiotic-resistant pathogens and biofilms. Conventional antibiotics are becoming ineffective towards microorganisms due to their widespread and often inappropriate use. As a result, the development of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms is increasingly being reported. New approaches are needed to confront the rising issues related to infectious diseases. The merging of biomaterials, such as chitosan, carrageenan, gelatin, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) with nanotechnology provides a promising platform for antimicrobial therapy as it provides a controlled way to target cells and induce the desired response without the adverse effects common to many traditional treatments. Nanoparticles represent one of the most promising therapeutic treatments to the problem caused by infectious micro-organisms resistant to traditional therapies. This volume discusses this promise in detail, and also discusses what challenges the greater use of nanoparticles might pose to medical professionals. The unique physiochemical properties of nanoparticles, combined with their growth inhibitory capacity against microbes has led to the upsurge in the research on nanoparticles as antimicrobials. The importance of bactericidal nanobiomaterials study will likely increase as development of resistant strains of bacteria against most potent antibiotics continues. - Shows how nanoantibiotics can be used to more effectively treat disease - Discusses the advantages and issues of a variety of different nanoantibiotics, enabling medics to select which best meets their needs - Provides a cogent summary of recent developments in this field, allowing readers to quickly familiarize themselves with this topic area

Today, in the face of resistant microorganisms, aggressive cancers unresponsive to conventional treatments, and the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for advanced and innovative protocols for combating and treating disease is paramount. This book presents basic concepts of photodynamic therapy along with data from clinical research on its use in treating oncologic and other diseases. It also presents innovative strategies in photodynamic therapy, including information on polymer nanoparticles. This book was prepared with great care and by many valuable hands so that we can expand the dissemination of Photodynamic Therapy, as well as motivate for new research.

Lasers have become an increasingly useful tool in conventional dental practice. Their precision and less invasive quality make them an attractive technology in esthetic and pediatric dentistry, oral medicine, and a range of other dental procedures. Lasers in Dentistry: Guide for Clinical Practice is a comprehensive, yet concise and easy-to-use guide to integrating lasers into conventional clinical practice. The book begins by providing the reader a thorough understanding of how lasers work and their varied effects on oral tissues. Subsequent chapters are organized by procedure type, illustrating common clinical techniques with step-by-step illustrations and case examples. In addition, each chapter provides an overview of the latest research for use in clinical practice. More comprehensive than at atlas yet practical and clinically oriented in its approach, Lasers in Dentistry is an essential tool for practitioners and students looking to broader their skill set in laser dentistry.

This issue, edited by Frank Scannapieco, DMD, PhD, focuses on the current status of the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of periodontal disease. Additional articles will cover etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology, nutritional aspects, systemic effects, and future treatment strategies.