The political activities of the various nations involve the study and practice of government and the exercise of authority. Efforts are made to influence, gain, or wield power at various levels of government, internally and internationally, rather than in private settings and associations. Modes of political activity are highly diverse, varying from dispute resolution and formal elections to the threat or use of outright coercion or force. The degree to which people can engage in political activity also varies in different countries: in open societies, individuals have more freedom to participate in the exercise of political power than in closed societies, where such power is restricted to small groups. There has also been pressure for more democracy at a lower level, particularly in the way that work is organized. The social conditions for stable democratic government have been extensively discussed, with level of economic development apparently the most important single factor.

This work is a cross-national examination of the relationship between political culture and constitutionalism. The countries studied include Nigeria, Turkey and Japan. Questions explored include whether constitutions must evolve and whether constitutionalism is only a western concept.

Raz begins by presenting an analysis of the concept of moral authority. He then develops a detailed explanation of the nature of law and legal systems. Within this framework Raz then examines the areas of legal thought that have been viewed as impregnated with moral values.

This is a collection of essays on general and specific topics of comparative private and comparative public law by distinguished legal scholars from every part of the world in honour to the work of Alice Ehr-Soon Tay. The essays demonstrate the changing approach to common law in legal culture and present a body of texts on comparative law problems arching from Asia to Europe to Australia. The volume furthermore indicates that there is no area where comparative law has proved more dominant and useful than in regard to human rights and comparative constitutional analysis. Finally, this book is an outstanding cross-cultural contribution to comparative private law and comparative constitutional law in terms of understanding legal culture and law. It will be invaluable to all those who practise, teach or judge law. Articles by Kim Santow, Saul Fridman, W. M. C. Gummow, J. A. Jolowicz, Hiroshi Matsuo, Ivan Shearer, Christopher Birch, Tom Campbell, Roland Drago, Jennifer Hill, Michael Kirby, Karin Lemercier, Aleksander Peczenik, Robert S. Summers, Albert H.Y. Chen, Jianfu Chen, Edward McWhinney, Eric Smithburn, Klaus A. Ziegert, Margaret Allars, Han Depei, Guenther Doeker-Mach, Hoang Van Hao, Tommy Koh, Adam Lopatka, Gabriel A. Moens, Cao Duc Thai, Wang Gungwu, Peter Wesley-Smith, Murray Gleeson, Julia Horne List of Publications of Alice Erh-Soon-Tay .

Latin American Political Culture: Public Opinion and Democracy presents a genuinely pan-Latin American examination of the region’s contemporary political culture. This is the only book to extensively investigate the attitudes and behaviors of Latin Americans based on the Latin American Public Opinion Project’s (LAPOP) AmericasBarometer surveys. The findings reveal a complex Latin America with distinct political culture. Authors John Booth and Patricia Bayer Richard join rigorous analysis with clear graphic presentation and extensive examples, and readers learn about public opinion research, engage with further questions for analysis, and have access to data, an expansive bibliography, and links to appendices.

Can international community step up to defend civilians whose basic rights are been jeopardized? What is the limit of sovereignty in the face of a human rights crisis? Should international community been legitimated to take action in defense of helpless civilians? Who ́s to determine when to act, if so? To address these and other question, this book will present you the concept of R2P – Responsibility to Protect. Throughout the work we will conduct you to analyze in which extent the responsibility to protect theory can influence the States behavior in intervention for human protection and discuss whether or not R2P has all the ingredients to be considered a customary international law. All of that will be done in the light of factual evidences conducting a comparative case study involving the interventions in Kosovo (late 1990's) and Libya (early 2010's). We will show and analyze changes in actions and procedures according to the new premises of R2P, addressing the legality of the intervention, the quickness of the response and the refrain in the use of veto power in the United Nations Security Council. If you are any interested in politics, international community and human rights, we invite you to travel together with us in this book for new concepts, reflections and a (potential) glimpse of the future.

This book collects Thomas Risse's most important articles together in a single volume. Covering a wide range of issues – the end of the Cold War, transatlantic relations, the "democratic peace," human rights, governance in areas of limited statehood, Europeanization, European identity and public spheres, most recently comparative regionalism – it is testament to the breadth and excellence of this highly respected International Relations scholar's work. The collection is organized thematically – domestic politics and international relations, international sources of domestic change, and the diffusion of ideas and institutions – and a brand new introductory essay provides additional coherence. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of International Relations, European Politics, and Comparative Politics. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

The Oxford Handbook of Transnational Law offers a unique and unparalleled treatment and presentation in the field of Transnational Law that has become one of the most intriguing and innovative developments in legal doctrine, scholarship, theory, and practice today. This in itself constitutes an ambitious editorial project, not only within law and legal doctrine, but also with regard to an increasing interest in an interdisciplinary engagement of law with social sciences - including sociology, anthropology, political science, geography, and political theory. Closely tied into the substantive transformation that many legal fields are undergoing is the observation that many of these developments are driven by changes in an increasingly global legal practice today. The concept then, of 'transnational law' aims at capturing the distinctly border- crossing nature even of those legal fields which had for the longest been time been seen as having merely 'domestic' relevance. This shift also requires a conscious effort among law school classroom instructors, casebook authors, and curriculum reformers to adapt their teaching content to these circumstances. As the authors of this Handbook make clear, this adaptation requires a close dialogue between a scholarly investigation into the transnational 'concept of law' and the challenges faced by practicing lawyers, be that as solicitor, in-house counsel, as judges, or as bureaucrats in a globalized regulatory and socio-economic environment. While the main thrust is on the transnationalization of legal doctrine and legal theory, with a considerable contribution from and engagement with social sciences, the Handbook features numerous reflections on the relationship between transnational law and legal practice.

In these studies, scholars from the United States and Indonesia identify some of the cultural roots of Indonesian political behavior. The authors, representing the fields of anthropology, history, and political science, explore the ways in which traditional institutions, beliefs, values, and ethnic origins affect notions of power and rebellion, influence political party affiliations, and create new modes of cultural expression. Using two different but contemporary approaches, the authors show what can be learned about Indonesia through use of the Western concepts of "culture" and "politics". Professors Lev, Liddle, and Sartono illustrate how much can be gained from presenting Indonesian life in Western terms, while Professors Abdullah and Anderson contrast Indonesian and Western ideas. In an Afterword, Clifford Geertz reflects on the questions raised in these essays by discussing the tense relationships between Indonesian political institutions and the cultural framework in which they exist. CLAIRE HOLT was, until her death in 1970, Senior Research Associate of the Modern Indonesia Project, Cornell University. In Indonesia she served as assistant to the late Dr. W.F. Stutterheim, the noted archaeologist and cultural historian. She lectured extensively in Europe, the Far East, and the United States on Indonesian culture, and worked as a researcher and training specialist for the US Department of State.

This book examines the conceptual puzzles that multilevel pluralism poses for our constitutional theories. It offers fresh perspectives by addressing the pluralism of norms and authorities from the viewpoint of legality and legitimacy, proposing novel solutions for pluralizing constitutional theory in the light of multilevel governance.