Lipids are one of the most important biomolecules and, given their relationship with several non-communicable diseases at large, this makes them significant to be studied both biochemically and clinically. As the title of the book suggests, apolipoproteins, triglycerides, and cholesterol are focused herein with fresh perspectives and novel insights, while certain overlooked areas are given their due attention. Although these three terms are very broad, the book aims at primarily serving as an update to existing knowledge. It is hoped that the readers will benefit from this book in advancing their understanding about the biochemical pathways, clinical applications, and remedial action in terms of ensuring health and wellbeing, as well as in identifying gaps that would help set the directions of scientific investigations in the future.

Chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide with increasing prevalence in all age groups, genders, and ethnicities. Emerging evidence suggests that precision nutrition plays a pivotal role in the prevention and management of chronic diseases and has been recognized as a key focus for the next ten years of health research. Currently, one of the major challenges in precision nutrition is the valid and reliable assessment of foods and nutrients intake, especially whole foods (e.g., fermented foods) and macromolecules (e.g., polysaccharides), as well as their impact on host health and disease. Strong evidence has supported that the biomarkers (e.g., metabolites) as an intermediate bridge can effectively link precision nutrition and chronic diseases, which can contribute to objectively assessing food consumption and precisely determining the biological effects of complex foods (ingredients). However, still we are at the very beginning to understand how precision nutrition regulates biomarkers to prevent chronic diseases with individual differences. The molecular mechanisms of key biomarkers in chronic diseases have not been fully elucidated and extensive studies are crucially warranted.

Herbs and Natural Supplements, 4th Edition: An evidence-based guide is an authoritative, evidence-based reference. This two-volume resource is essential to the safe and effective use of herbal, nutritional and food supplements. The second volume provides current, evidence-based monographs on the 132 most popular herbs, nutrients and food supplements. Organised alphabetically, each monograph includes daily intake, main actions and indications, adverse reactions, contraindications and precautions, safety in pregnancy and more. - Recommended by the Pharmacy Board of Australia as an evidence-based reference works (print) that pharmacists are meant to have access to when dispensing - Contributed content from naturopaths, GPs, pharmacists, and herbalists - Useful in a clinical setting as well as a reference book. - It provides up-to-date evidence on the latest research impacting on herbal and natural medicine by top leaders in Australia within the fields of Pharmacy, Herbal Medicine and Natural Medicine

Essential Herbs and Natural Supplements is an evidence-based quick reference guide. This go-to resource is essential for safe and effective clinical recommendations of herbal medicines and natural supplements. It provides current, evidence-based monographs on the 50 most commonly used herbs, nutrients and food supplements. It emphasises safe practice with strategies to prevent adverse drug reactions, guidelines in assessing benefit, risk and harm and the evaluation of research. 50 evidence-based monographs on the most used herbs and natural supplements Up-to-date evidence on the latest research impacting on herbal and natural medicine by top leaders within the fields of Pharmacy, Herbal Medicine and Natural Medicine Considerations of herbs and natural supplements in pregnancy

Eating behavior is a major lifestyle-related influencing factor of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs), particularly overweight/obesity, and metabolism syndrome (MetS). Typically, eating behavior refers not only to dietary patterns but also to nutrient intake. From the public health perspective, population-based evidence regarding healthy eating is of significance for policy developments regarding NCDs prevention. Eating behavior is time and economic status dependent, which may change as age or/and socio-economic status changes. This occurs not only in developing societies but also in economically settled communities. Therefore, although relationships between eating behaviors (dietary pattern, nutrients intake) and specific NCDs have been examined in different societies, further investigations of population-level associations between eating behavior and NCDs in different subpopulations (general community residents, elders/children, or patients, etc), especially the interaction of eating behavior and other influences (e.g., physical activity) on NCDs, remains of continuing importance. Meanwhile, updating the dietary patterns and nutrient intake levels of different subpopulations is also necessary.

This book provides broad coverage of the scientific literature on diet and the risk of cancer and heart disease, as well as diet and life expectancy. Although the focus is on studies of Seventh-day Adventists and other groups with many vegetarian members, the findings have wide application. Dietary research can be difficult to interpret so Fraser evaluates the adequacy of evidence about particular foods and food groups.

Chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers are known as a substantive worldwide challenge for health systems and are major contributors to mortality and morbidity. According to the World Health Organization, 71% of all deaths and 63.8 % of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) are attributed to chronic diseases. The composition of a diet influences health status and affects the occurrence and severity of chronic diseases. As different components of a diet correlate and interact with one another, addressing only individual dietary constituents does not usually help in analyzing the extent to which diets may prevent or contribute to the development or progress of chronic diseases. In recent years, the concept of dietary indices has received more attention by both researchers and clinicians and is used as a means to capture the overall effect of a diet on a specific disease or a group of related illnesses. These indices are nutritionally derived mathematical algorithms which are developed on the bases of useful or detrimental nutrients and/or food groups. Thus, the indices are frequently used to elucidate proper aspects of a specific diet such as quality; diversity; anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and/or anti-glycation potential; and acid load. Examples include the: dietary inflammatory index (DII), dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC), healthy eating index (HEI), dietary acid load, and so forth. There is accumulating evidence indicating a link between scores of dietary and nutritional indices and health outcomes.

Human health depends to a great extent on our nutritionally balanced food supply consistent with the evolutionary aspects of diet to which genes were originally programmed to respond. The publication at hand contains selected papers from the Inaugural Conference 'Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People' of the World Council on Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health held at Ancient Olympia, Greece, in October 2010. Topics include the relationship between architecture and agriculture, food production systems and urban agriculture, as well as physical activity, nutrition, genetic variation and other determinants of human health. The papers clearly show that optimal nutrition is consistent with ecologically and economically sustainable agriculture, and that there is a need for scientific and political institutions that can integrate research into urban planning and its regulation, agriculture and health care systems. This will contribute to normal development and health throughout the human life cycle, and prevent or delay chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Scientists working in the fields of medicine, physiology, genetics, nutrition, dietetics, economics, architecture, agriculture as well as scientists and policy makers interested in environmental issues such as agricultural sustainability and climate will find this volume of great interest.