The COVID-19 coronavirus was unanticipated, unwelcome, and unsettling in its far-reaching destruction of life, lifestyles, and the U.S. economy. Its fallout presented Americans with an untimely pause in our busy days, giving us time to contemplate fear of the unseen and unknown. The pandemic would pass, but when? How would it change the United States and, indeed, the world around us? What careers were impacted? What markets were challenged? What will the added debt, both personal and national, portend to the average consumer in the future? When will we again gather together in confidence? Post Pandemic Perspective attempts to answer these and other important questions that will impact the future of every American. Through meticulous research, W. Thomas McQueeney has scoped out the landscape over the next hill and categorized the major concerns facing us, striving to find the light at the end of the tunnel. He writes with a positive sense of purpose in order to reassure those who have made it through this epic event that it is still possible to thrive. The post-pandemic reality presents a new beginning that will depend upon the difficult lessons we all learned during our days of hardship. The fact is, our perspectives have been broadened by the experience. We will now demand better ways in all avenues of living-because better ways do exist, in the realms of culture, hygiene, education, religion, government, medicine, finance, and interpersonal relationships. It's true, no joyful birth escapes pain. But while we sadly lament what has happened, we should also be confident in our transition to the exciting world that awaits us ahead.

This timely book explores economic, political, social, and cultural impacts of the COVID-19. It aims to reveal a future world shaped by the worldwide pandemic. The main content of this book is divided into 5 parts: the pandemic—a short sketch of the pandemic through 2020, the acceleration of the global power transition: from East to West, comparison between authoritarian and democratic in the pandemic era, global international organizations under the COVID-19 influence, and regional international organizations under the COVID-19 influence. In addition, this book also analyzes the impacts from two aspects: the changes of the world order and the repercussions for international organizations and globalization. Three questions will be focused: How the pandemic has changed the existing world order? What the new post-pandemic world order will be? How international cooperation has been affected and will be affected? This book is a comprehensive study that investigates the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the political implication on international organizations. It would not only inspire readers to think about impacts of the outbreak of COVID-19 from economic and political perspectives, but also encourage readers to have a deeper understanding of the global political pattern and potential changes of world order after the pandemic. Therefore, the intended readership not only includes the academics but also includes pro-academics. The academic audiences include university and college scholars (especially those majoring in history, political sciences, economics, and international relations), teachers, and administrative staff at the undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate, and Ph.D. levels, as well as study centers and research institutes and campus and public libraries. The pro-academic groups include civil servants, especially scholarly bureaucrats and technocrats; white collar and middle-class citizens interested in reading, especially those interested in and concerned about current affairs; and international business elites. The most important feature of this book is that it points out the COVID-19 pandemic has been shaping the world order. It also shows in the coming post-pandemic world, the United States would maintain the position of superpower while the still rising China is likely to share some responsibilities in constructing a new multi-polar world with US and other powers. The prevailing of unilateralism will heavily constrain the role of international organizations.

The destruction of the Covid-19 pandemic has marked every society with deep-seated wounds whose scars have only begun to heal. Yet, even as societies take their first steps away from the trauma of the pandemic, they confront new and perhaps equally daunting challenges in the post-Covid era. These challenges offer a unique occasion to consider how the mechanisms of public value (PV) creation and preservation can be rebuilt and improved, mindful of what has been left in the pandemic’s wake, and of the difficult road that lies ahead. The aim of this book, then, is to examine the forward-looking possibilities of multi-stakeholder value co-creation, which involves the renewed efforts of civil society, public managers, politicians, and society-at-large in a new post-pandemic era. The book examines many different facets that appeal deeply to public value scholarship: value stability & transitions, inequalities within & between publics, necropolitics, disaster preparedness, value measurement, and sustainability, all of which represent important explorations within public value theory, and can greatly enrich PV research going forward. This book will therefore be of use to both academics and practitioners of public administration and public policy, as well as scholars of government, health care policy, and economics.

Covid-19 in International Media: Global Pandemic Responses is one of the first books uniting an international team of scholars to investigate how media address critical social, political, and health issues connected to the 2020-21 COVID-19 outbreak. The book evaluates unique civic challenges, responsibilities, and opportunities for media worldwide, exploring pandemic social norms that media promote or discourage, and how media serve as instruments of social control and resistance, or of cooperation and representation. These chapters raise significant questions about the roles mainstream or citizen journalists or netizens play or ought to play, enlightening audiences successfully about scientific information on COVID-19 in a pandemic that magnifies social inequality and unequal access to health care, challenging popular beliefs about health and disease prevention and the role of government while the entire world pays close attention. This book will be of interest to students and faculty of communication studies and journalism, departments of public health, sociology, and social marketing.

COVID-19 has presented huge challenges to governments, businesses, civil societies, and people from all walks of life, but its impact has been highly variegated, affecting society in multiple negative ways, with uneven geographical and socioeconomic patterns. The crisis revealed existing contradictions and inequalities in society, compelling us to question what it means to return to “normal” and what insights can be gleaned from Southeast Asia for thinking about a post-pandemic world. In this regard, this edited volume collects the informed views of an ensemble of social scientists – area studies, development studies, and legal scholars; anthropologists, architects, economists, geographers, planners, sociologists, and urbanists; representing academic institutions, activist and charitable organisations, policy and research institutes, and areas of professional practice – who recognise the necessity of critical commentary and engaged scholarship. These contributions represent a wide-ranging set of views, collectively producing a compilation of reflections on the following three themes in particular: (1) Urbanisation, digital infrastructures, economies, and the environment; (2) Migrants, (im)mobilities, and borders; and (3) Collective action, communities, and mutual action. Overall, this edited volume first aims to speak from a situated position in relevant debates to challenge knowledge about the pandemic that has assigned selective and inequitable visibility to issues, people, or places, or which through its inferential or interpretive capacity has worked to set social expectations or assign validity to certain interventions with a bearing on the pandemic’s course and the future it has foretold. Second, it aims to advance or renew understandings of social challenges, risks, or inequities that were already in place, and which, without further or better action, are to be features of our “post-pandemic world” as well. This volume also contributes to the ongoing efforts to de-centre and decolonise knowledge production. It endeavours to help secure a place within these debates for a region that was among the first outside of East Asia to be forced to contend with COVID-19 in a substantial way and which has evinced a marked and instructive diversity and dynamism in its fortunes.

The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest global health crisis that we have faced since World War II. The greatest challenge for organizations was to establish a clear vision for a quick change that needs to be shared with employees in a way that is both understandable and inspiring. The year 2020 is a time of global change where leaders need to fulfill the change management role with decisions made efficiently and sustainably. To understand the impact of the pandemic on organizations, researchers will need to trace leadership development and change management in the Post-COVID-19 Era. These studies will help to present the different types of leadership roles, policies, and strategies for business transformation in the time of crisis. Global Perspectives on Change Management and Leadership in the Post-COVID-19 Era highlights the global perspectives of COVID-19’s impact on change management and leadership and presents the lessons learned and opportunities afforded to promote new strategies and develop better practices within the field. The chapters report on case studies and real-life challenges faced by organizations in countries across the globe. This book covers important topics such as business sustainability, newfound challenges in the workplace, adaptive performance, success factors within organizations, corporate governance, and more. This is a valuable reference work for managers, executives, practitioners, researchers, students, academicians, stakeholders, business leaders, and anyone interested in leadership styles and the management of change during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Meeting employee interests depending on the age and form of employment Abstract The aim of this chapter is the identification and assessment of meeting employee interests among the employed in standard and non-standard forms based on the age criterion. An empirical study was conducted using the CAWI technique covering a sample of 1,000 working Poles. Descriptive statistics methods and statistical tests were used to analyze the findings. The analysis of employee interests was performed by comparing the assessed interests by the representatives of four separate age groups. The statistically significant differences were examined. For this purpose, the non-parametric ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test and the post-hoc test (statistical significance level * p<0.05, ** p<0.01) were used. The conducted analysis showed common strengths and weaknesses in meeting employee interests regarding the standard and non-standard forms. Providing employees with safe and hygienic working conditions was highly assessed, whereas employee participation was rated low. The specificity of Generation Z was evident, whose representatives (compared to older cohorts) frequently rated meeting employee interests higher. Filling the research gap related to the analysis of the authors’ presentation of employee interests regarding the age and form of employment in Poland. The results have practical usefulness for shaping employment, taking into account the above-mentioned variables. The research results covering a representative sample of working Poles fill the empirical data gap, extending beyond the scope of data available in statistical reporting (Statistics Poland, Eurostat). The empirical research used an original concept combining the issue of employee interests with the age and form of employment. Keywords: forms of employment, employee interests, age, cohort. Circular economy in the implementation of the investment and innovation policy of environmental management in post-war Ukraine Abstract The purpose of the study is to develop methodological support for a comprehensive assessment concerning dominants of the investment and innovation policy of nature management based on the circular economy. It also conducts an assessment of current trends and problems in post-war Ukraine. The basic methodological platform introduces the concept of sustainable development. The dominants of the investment and innovation policy of nature management are derivative and closely related to the objectives and indicators of sustainable development goals. To generalize and systematize the categorical apparatus and identify modern vectors of scientific research on this issue, a descriptive analysis was used - based on the sources of the Scopus scientometric database. The modern imperatives of the circular approach in the economy and the possibility of introducing the latest investment and innovation policy of nature management in post-war Ukraine are considered. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of methodological support for a comprehensive assessment and is based on: (1) a set of principles (systematicity and complexity, adequacy and dynamism, objectivity and accuracy, effectiveness, purposefulness, scientificity); (2) an expanded system of national indicators of sustainable development within the framework of Sustainable Development Goals 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15, which integrates European, author's, economic and environmental indicators focused on an in-depth assessment of investment and natural resource potential in terms of species and structural-sectoral dimension, the relationship between the investment and environmental components of nature management; (3) a 7-stage procedure for quantitative, qualitative and expert assessment of the degree of implementation of the dominants of the investment and innovation policy of environmental management in the internal and external dimensions, the results of which form an analytical basis for adjusting the dominants, substantiating directions, ways and mechanisms for implementing the investment and innovation policy of the circular economy. The prospect of further research in this direction is the development of adaptive mechanisms to stimulate the introduction of eco-investments and innovations in the activities of business entities in various sectors of the economy. Keywords: circular economy, nature management, investment and innovation policy of nature management, sustainable development, Sustainable Development Goals, dominants of investment and innovation policy of nature management. The impact of economic activity zones on local development: The example of Wieliczka Municipality in Poland Abstract The purpose of this chapter is to present the impact of economic activity zones (EAZs) on local development and to identify good practices in the management of EAZs, based on the experience of the commune of Wieliczka, Poland. Nevertheless, beyond the theoretical insights, the empirical evidence of effective local development governance in EAZs is still limited, even in metropolitan areas where a range of instruments are provided to support local development. The chapter attempts to provide evidence of the impact of EAZ on local development by indicating the influence of investments located in economic activity zones on the management of local government units in the Krakow metropolitan area. The analysis of the impact of EAZs on local development has led to findings that a valuable tool for the impact of EAZs on local development are the investments located there, which determine the more effective use of local resources. These are challenging resources (including land and infrastructure) and soft, intangible ones (including location, quality of intellectual capital, and entrepreneurship of residents). As a result of the application of good practices in municipal management, they become key determinants that determine the potential of EAZ and increase competitiveness. The example of EAZs shows that their impact on local development can receive significant support from the EU and public authorities. Nevertheless, the development of EAZs is limited to metropolitan areas and tends to limit their development in peripheral areas far from major growth centers. Exploring further options for the impact of EAZ on local development may be an interesting direction to involve external stakeholders in order to enable the incorporation of their skills and resources. The experience of the municipality of Wieliczka is and will be, to a significant extent, a form of more effective use of a variety of local and external resources. The chapter briefly discusses the impact of EAZ on local development and provides practitioners with areas on the potential challenges of using EAZ. Local development carries certain risks, which have implications for EAZ creation efforts. Keywords: economic activity zones, EAZ, local development, municipal investment, entrepreneurship, innovation, EAZ management. A challenge for sustainable public management: Administrative performance measurement and public sector reform Abstract This chapter proposes a rational approach to administrative performance measurement. As Japan has entered an aged society with a low birthrate, administrative organizations in Japan are required to conduct performance-based public management under tight fiscal conditions. Aiming at efficient management with various schemes for administrative performance measurement based on the theory of New Public Management has been proposed. However, a tangible way of management has not been established due to authoritarianism or political shackles in organizations. In addition, such a performance measurement sometimes involves subjective factors in relation to outcome indices. Therefore, developing a practical evaluation scheme is not straightforward. By applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process, this chapter makes it possible to quantify subjective factors in the evaluation: the degree of contribution of each measure for the achievement of a policy. In order to verify the effectiveness of the application, a case study is performed in a local government in Japan. The proposed approach practically supports public service evaluation based on subjective judgment by executives of administrative organizations in addition to extant project appraisal. The results obtained from the case study show the practical effectiveness of the proposed approach. Based on the evaluation procedure, this chapter further considers a possible scheme of public sector reform in conjunction with a prospective way to transfer authority from an administrative organization to substitutable sectors. The implication of the scheme of reformation illustrates sustainable public management. Keywords: public management, sustainability, publicness, analytic hierarchy process, administrative performance measurement, public sector reform. Plan or die: Entrepreneurs' response to crisis situation Abstrac Thanks to the COVID-19 epidemic, the last two years have been filled with changes for entrepreneurs. As a result, the change leads to a new level, much higher than the previous one. It is a long-term strategy focused on debt levels, risk-advantage approaches, reinvestment in profits, and organizational changes. The purpose of this chapter is to present the results of the entrepreneurs’ response to the situation within and nearly after COVID-19 restrictions. Research findings are based on primary research in more than 300 companies in the Czech Republic (2 rounds of survey – 2020 and 2021). The comparison contrasts the change in strategic thinking due to long-term crisis. The results showed that measurable goals are extremely important during the crisis to maintain discipline in business (an increase of 91%). On the other hand, the exit strategy as a response to crisis is not the preferred solution (the lowest preference). Findings could be applied in managerial practice as a recommendation when research findings illustrate a possible combination of optimal business behavior within a crisis environment. Originality could be seen in the importance of ongoing profit investments and planning of individual activities in the company and the need for an active approach of the entrepreneur. Keywords: COVID-19, crisis behavior, changes in future goals, planning activities, entrepreneurs Hydraulic supplier selection: An Analytic Hierarchy Process approach Abstract In industrial environments, hydraulic systems work in continuous operation, for several applications that may demand control of large loads and high-power density. The inputs used in the maintenance of this type of equipment should follow the policies and procedures established by ISO standards, which may guarantee safety and operational reliability. The supplier selection for hydraulic components is a subject that involves several factors with complex decisions. Efficient and reliable suppliers can be decisive for the company's success. The aim of this study is to propose an evaluation framework for supplier selection of hydraulic equipment in the steel industry. The methods of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) facilitate the decision-making, including the supplier selection strategies for hydraulic equipment. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is the MCDA method applied to select suppliers by a Brazilian industrial plant. This chapter presents a case of supplier selection of hydraulic equipment, with four suppliers evaluated regarding five criteria and more than 20 sub-criteria, according to three experts. The AHP, the most widely used MCDA method, proved to be a reliable and useful MCDA method even in a case of more than nine criteria. In this case, Quality was the most important criterion, and Price was the less important. The main contribution of this study is to prove that a simple MCDA model, with the AHP application alone, may be enough to solve a practical decision problem, without increasing its complexity with hybridism. Keywords: Analytic Hierarchy Process, multi-criteria decision analysis, hydraulic systems, supplier selections. Strategic business planning technology for weakly-structured subject domains Abstract The purpose of this study is to create a technology and respective software tools for collegial (group) development of strategic plans for businesses in weakly structured domains. Strategic planning in such domains is an often challenging task, as quantitative (or even quantifiable) deterministic data is scarce or unavailable, uncertainty levels are high, and expert knowledge often represents the key information source (potentially, alongside open data). The technology is intended to overcome these challenges. It is based on group construction of a goal-oriented model of the system (subject domain), which is built through the decomposition of the main strategic goal and considers the terminal and resource properties of the system’s components, as well as mutual connections between them. The software toolkit allows knowledge engineers and their invited experts to remotely provide knowledge for building the system model. Then, based on the developed model, using the method of target-oriented dynamic estimation of alternatives and evolutionary methods of optimization, a set of measures (projects) is selected, complete with suggested funding allocated to them within the limited resource volume during the specific planning period. The selected set of measures guarantees the maximum level of achievement of the strategic goal within a given time perspective under limited funding and become the basis of the strategic plan. Methods of group knowledge acquisition and processing have been developed. They became the basis for the development of the original technology and software tools for strategic business planning. Theoretical foundations and methods for reliable obtaining of (thorough and undistorted) collective knowledge in a subject domain, ensuring their concordance and aggregation for further application in various areas, have been suggested. This research aims to solve a global problem of knowledge transfer from people with expertise (experience, intuition) in a certain field to people who need this knowledge to solve practical problems. This theoretical basis is intended for strategic planning practice in various areas, including business. An original way of automating the process of group subject domain model construction and the suggested application of existing and newly developed knowledge-oriented methods to strategic planning are proposed. All material presented in the chapter, is the result of ongoing original research led by the author. Keywords: strategic business-analysis, knowledge transfer, goal dynamic estimating of alternatives, rational distribution of resources, genetic algorithm, technology, subject domains

This book adds to the discussion from Volume 1 by providing insights and stimulating new thinking about the changing nature of services and marketing, service work and workers, and service experiences during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, particularly focusing on services marketing. This book serves as a useful resource for business practitioners and academics in the areas of service management and marketing responses during a pandemic. Each chapter deals with specific current issues within these industries due to COVID-19 and issues that will come up post-pandemic. As COVID-19 is expected to change the service practice and promote the utilization of novel methods, such as untact marketing, untact service, telecommuting, alternative work arrangements, job crafting, and new work skills, a range of examples and cases are provided to elaborate on applying these emerging new concepts within the service sector.