This book discusses the operation of power systems amid the 4th industrial revolution and the value of Industry 4.0 technologies to grid operators and end customers. The concept of smart grids was introduced years ago, but their practical implementation into power grids was delayed as the information communication technology infrastructure was not ready. The transition to smart grids can be put into three dimensions: decentralization, decarbonization, and digitalization. Industry 4.0 technologies can enable more advanced features that can add value to all parties in smart grids and achieve a more holistic efficiency increase for the entire system via accomplishing business goals and realizing technical requirements. Technical topics discussed in the book include: Structure of the generalized IoT value chain and IoT applications for low carbon technologies. Topological improvement of electrical equipment to facilitate a smooth transition to the smart grid infrastructure. Improvement of techniques to tackle advanced power system problems such as energy management, power equipment diagnostics, and renewable energy integration. Modeling, simulation, and analytic tools for cyber-attacks and cyber security actions for current cyber-physical power systems. Artificial intelligence, big data, and machine learning application to power system problems. Intelligent controllers for an advanced residential system.

Depletion of fossil fuels and petroleum products due to population explosion has created a tremendous demand for renewable energy sources. Non-conventional loads such as electric vehicles and smart residential systems are increasing daily, creating additional load to conventional utility grids. The extra energy demand is filled mainly by energy generated from renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and geothermal energy sources. This has meant that load distribution and power flow management have emerged as the most significant challenges for electrical engineers. Therefore, advanced power management systems must be designed to operate the present distribution system smoothly. The fourth industrial revolution has broken down the walls between the physical, digital and biological worlds. Advancements in artificial intelligence, big data, machine learning, the Internet of Things (IoT), genetic engineering, and quantum computing have made the interface between machines and users very easy. The fourth industrial revolution has brought a drastic revolution for users, from controlling battery charging to planning a suitable control technique for fabricated electrical equipment. Smooth load sharing between grid and renewable energy sources, power management as per the availability of generating sources, and circumventing the sag and swell of utility grids to operate equipment smoothly is facilitated by advanced artificial intelligent techniques. The progressive machine learning approach enables the smooth operation of machines. Overall, the fourth industrial revolution has brought enormous advantages to help electrical users. The work presented in this book deals with the advanced design methods adopted by electrical researchers to facilitate smooth utilization of the fourth industrial revolution. The content of the book includes but is not limited to the following research areas:* Topological improvement of electrical equipment to facilitate smooth user interfaces.* Improvement of techniques to tackle advanced power system problems such as sag, swell, reactive power imbalance and power flow management.* Advanced practices to facilitate smooth electric vehicle charging systems.* Grid to smart residence (G2S) and smart residence to grid (S2G) operation of the utility grid.* Stability analysis of the utility grid amid non-conventional loading.* Artificial intelligence, big data and machine learning applications to power system problems.* Intelligent controllers for an advanced residential system.* Intelligent storage systems for residential buildings.

The usability and design in technological systems is imperative due to their abundance in numerous professional industries. Computer interfaces have seen significant advancement in their design and development as they have become an integral part of today’s society. As humans continue to interact with technology on a regular basis, it is essential for professionals, professors, and students to keep pace with innovative research on interface design and the various applications interfaces have in professional fields. Interactivity and the Future of the Human-Computer Interface is a collection of innovative research on the development and application of interfaces in today’s modern society and the generational implications for design of human and technology interaction. While highlighting topics including digital gaming, augmented reality, and e-learning, this book is ideally designed for educators, developers, web designers, researchers, technology specialists, scientists, and students seeking current research on modern advancements and applications in human-computer interaction.

Additive Manufacturing 3D Printing & Design The 4th Revolution Not ever previously consumer has had a technology where we so easily interpret the concepts into a touchable object with little concern to the machinery or talents available. If “seeing is believing!-” 3D printing technology is the perfect object image to see, touch, and feel! It is the wings to lift the well sought product, after laboring and toiling in several design iterations to bring the novel product to be a successful implementation. Now it is promising to become familiar with the product prototype and physically test it to find the flaws in the design. If a flaw is detected, the designer can easily modify the CAD file and print out a new unit. On Demand Custom Part Additive manufacturing has become a mainstream manufacturing process. It builds up parts by adding materials one layer at a time based on a computerized 3D solid model. It does not require the use of fixtures, cutting tools, coolants, and other auxiliary resources. It allows design optimization and the producing of customized parts on-demand. Its advantages over conventional manufacturing have captivated the imagination of the public, reflected in recent corporate implementations and in many academic publications that call additive manufacturing the “fourth industrial revolution.” Digital Model Layer by Layer 3D additive manufacturing is a process tailored for making three-dimensional objects of varieties of different shapes created from digital models. The objects are produced using an additive process, where successive layers of materials are deposited down in different shapes. The 3D Additive Manufacturing is considered diverse from traditional machining techniques, which depends primarily on the removal of material by cutting or drilling. The removal of material is referred to as a “subtractive process.” In a fast-paced, pressure-filled business atmosphere, it is clear that decreasing delivery by days is exceptionally valuable. Digital Manufacturing 3D printing - additive manufacturing, produces 3D solid items from a digital computer file. The printing occurs in an additive process, where a solid object is generated through the consecutive layering of material. There are an extensive variety of materials to select from countless lists of polymers and metals. The process begins with the generation of a 3D digital file such as CAD file. The 3D digital file is then directed to a 3D printer for printing using a simple print command. Freed of the constraints of traditional factories, additive manufacturing allows designers to produce parts that were previously considered far too complex to make economically. Engineers and Biologists are finding practical applications to use 3D additive manufacturing. It permits novel designs to become matchless rare-products that were not likely with preceding manufacturing methods. It is poised to transform medicine and biology with bio-manufacturing. This technology has the possibility to upsurge the well-being of a nation’s citizens. Additive manufacturing may progress the worldwide resources and energy effectiveness in ground, sea and air. This 3D Printing & Design book will enable you to develop and 3D print your own unique object using myriads of worldwide materials. Galilee Galileo & Isaac Newton Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton have changed our understanding of not only our own solar system, but also the whole universe through the invention of their telescope. The telescope steered a novel and captivating scientific discipline of “astronomy” —observing and studying the planets, stars, and other objects in the universe. The Nebula, for example, could not be observed prior to the invention of the telescope. No one could have estimated how many planets were in our solar system. Thanks to the technology of the telescope, the knowledge of universe was revealed. Thanks to a simple piece of glass made of silica, and to a simple lens made of glass. Similarly, 3D printing technology is a simple approach to open a flood gate to our Fourth Industrial Revolution. One-off Prototype One-off prototypes can be hideously expensive to produce, but a 3D printer can bring down the cost by a sizable margin. Many consumers goods, mechanical parts, aerospace, automobiles, robots, shoes, fashions, architects' models, dentures, hearing aids, cell biology, now appear in a 3D-printed form for appraisal by engineers, stylists, biologist, and clients before obtaining the final approval. Any changes can be swiftly reprinted in a few hours or overnight, whereas waiting for a new prototype to emerge from a machine shop could take weeks, and sometimes months. Some designers are already printing ready-to-wear shoes, dresses, and prosthetics, from metals, plastic and nylon materials. 3D printing’s utmost advantage is making discrete parts rapidly, autonomous of design complications. That speed delivers rapid reaction on the first prototype, and the capability to modify the design and speedily re-manufacture the part. As an alternative of waiting days or weeks for a CNC-machined prototype, a 3D printer can manufacture the part overnight. Development Cycle The 3D printer provides the additional advantage of removing many overhead manufacturing costs and time-delay by 3D printing parts that withstand a machine shop environment. Several tooling, fixtures, and work-holding jaws may be easily developed and 3D printed without extensive lead time and overhead cost. Its speed and quality shorten the product development cycle, permitting manufacturing aesthetically appealing, and high-performance parts in less than a day. Many instances testify that 3D printers offer substantial flexibility to yield parts with the adequate tensile strength and quality, desired to prosper the technology at a reasonable speed and cost. The rewards of applying 3D printing are substantial, as 3D printing permits product development teams to effortlessly, rapidly, and cost effectively yield models, prototypes, and patterns. Parts can be manufactured in hours or days rather than weeks. Nano-bots 3D additive manufacturing may be the only known method for constructing nanobots, which will overcome the speed disadvantage of 3D additive printing, thereby enabling the technology to be widely deployed in every manufacturing aspect. If millions of nanobots worked together, they might be able to do amazing manufacturing takes. Microscopic Surgery Scientists and researchers constructed teams of nanobots able to perform microscopic surgery inside a patient’s body. Some groups of nanobots have been programmed to build objects by arranging atoms precisely so there would be no waste. Other nanobots might even be designed to build more nanobots to replace ones that wear out! Compared to other areas of science like manufacturing and biology, nanotechnology is a very new area of 3D printing research. Working with microns and nanometers is still a very slow and difficult task. Carbon Fiber Also, material scientists and metallurgists are constantly providing engineers, and manufacturers with new and superior materials to make parts in the most economical and effective means. Carbon-fiber composites, for instance, are replacing steel and aluminum in products ranging from simple mountain bikes to sophisticated airliners. Sometimes the materials are farmed, cultivated and may be grown from biological substances and from micro-organisms that have been genetically engineered for the task of fabricating useful parts. Facing the benefits of the current evolution of 3D printing technology, companies from all parts in the supply chain are experiencing the opportunities and threatens it may bring. First, to traditional logistic companies, 3D printing is causing a decline in the cargo industry, reducing the demand for long-distance transportation such as air, sea and rail freight industries. The logistic companies which did not realize the current evolution may not adapt rapidly enough to the new situation. As every coin has two sides, with 3D Printing, logistics companies could also become able to act as the manufacturers. The ability to produce highly complex designs with powerful computer software and turn them into real objects with 3D printing is creating a new design language. 3D-printed items often have an organic, natural look. “Nature has come up with some very efficient designs, Figure 1.3. Often it is prudent to mimic them,” particularly in medical devices. By incorporating the fine, lattice-like internal structure of natural bone into a metal implant, for instance, the implant can be made lighter than a machined one without any loss of strength. It can integrate more easily with the patient's own bones and be grafted precisely to fit the intended patient. Surgeons printed a new titanium jaw for a woman suffering from a chronic bone infection. 3D additive manufacturing promises sizable savings in material costs. In the aerospace industry, metal parts are often machined from a solid billet of costly high-grade titanium. This constitutes 90% of material that is wasted. However, titanium powder can be used to print parts such as a bracket for an aircraft door or part of a satellite. These can be as strong as a machined part, but use only 10% of the raw material. A Boeing F-18 fighter contains a number of printed parts such as air ducts, reducing part weight by at least 30%. Remote Manufacturing 3D Printers Replicator can scan an object in one place while simultaneously communicating to another machine, locally or globally, developed to build a replica object. For example, urgently needed spares could be produced in remote places without having to ship the original object. Even parts that are no longer available could be replicated by scanning a broken item, repairing it virtually, and then printing a new one. It is likely digital libraries will appear online for parts and products that are no longer available. Just as the emergence of e-books means books may never go out of print, components could always remain available. Service mechanics could have portable 3D printers in their vans and hardware stores could offer part-printing services. DIY Market Some entrepreneurs already have desktop 3D printers at home. Industrial desktop 3D printing machines are creating an entirely new market. This market is made up of hobbyists, do-it-yourself enthusiasts, tinkerers, inventors, researchers, and entrepreneurs. Some 3D-printing systems can be built from kits and use open-source software. Machinists may be replaced someday by software technicians who service production machines. 3D printers would be invaluable in remote areas. Rather than waiting days for the correct tool to be delivered, you could instantly print the tool on the job. Printing Materials However, each method has its own benefits and downsides. Some 3D printer manufacturers consequently offer a choice between powder and polymer for the material from which the object is built. Some manufacturer use standard, off-the-shelf business paper as the build material to produce a durable prototype. Speed, cost of the 3D printer, cost of the printed prototype, and the cost of choice materials and color capabilities are the main considerations in selecting a 3D printing machine. SLA – DLP - FDM – SLS - SLM & EBM The expansive world of 3D printing machines has become a confusing place for beginners and professionals alike. The most well-known 3D printing techniques and types of 3D printing machines are stated below. The 3D printing technology is categorized according to the type of technology utilized. The categories are stated as follows: Stereolithography(SLA) Digital Light Processing(DLP) Fused deposition modeling (FDM) Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) Selective laser melting (SLM) Electronic Beam Melting (EBM) Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) Also, the book provides a detailed guide and optimum implementations to each of the stated 3D printing technology, the basic understanding of its operation, and the similarity as well as the dissimilarity functions of each printer. School Students, University undergraduates, and post graduate students will find the book of immense value to equip them not only with the fundamental in design and implementation but also will encourage them to acquire a system and practice creating their own innovative samples. Furthermore, professionals and educators will be well prepared to use the knowledge and the expertise to practice and advance the technology for the ultimate good of their respective organizations. Global Equal Standing Manufacturers large and small play a significant part in the any country’s economy. The U.S. economy; rendering to the United States Census Bureau, manufacturers are the nation’s fourth-largest employer, and ship several trillions of dollars in goods per annum. It may be a large automotive enterprise manufacturing vehicles or an institution with less than 50 employees. Manufacturers are vital to the country’s global success. However, many societies have misunderstandings about the manufacturing jobs are undesirable jobs and offers low-paying compensations. Other countries may be discouraged to compete against USA. Additive Manufacturing Technology – 3D Printing would level the manufacturing plane field, enabling all countries to globally stand on equal footing. Dr. Sabrie Soloman, Chairman & CEO 3D Printing & Design Not ever previously consumer has had a technology where we so easily interpret the concepts into a touchable object with little concern to the machinery or talents available. 3D Printing Technology builds up parts by adding materials one layer at a time based on a computerized 3D solid model. It allows design optimization and the producing of customized parts on-demand. Its advantages over conventional manufacturing have captivated the imagination of the public, reflected in recent corporate implementations and in many academic publications that call additive manufacturing the “Fourth Industrial Revolution.” 3D Printing produces 3D solid items from a digital computer file. The printing occurs in an additive process, where a solid object is generated through the consecutive layering of material. The process begins with the generation of a 3D digital file such as CAD file. The 3D digital file is then directed to a 3D Printer for printing using a simple print command. Freed of the constraints of traditional factories, additive manufacturing allows designers to produce parts that were previously considered far too complex to make economically. Engineers and Biologists are finding practical applications to use 3D additive manufacturing. It permits novel designs to become matchless rare-products that were not likely with preceding manufacturing methods. 3D Printing Technology is poised to transform medicine and biology with bio-manufacturing, and traditional manufacturing into 3D Printing. This technology has the possibility to upsurge the well-being of a nation’s citizens. Additive manufacturing may progress the worldwide resources and energy effectiveness in “Ground, Sea and Air.” This 3D Printing & Design book will enable you to develop and 3D Print your own unique object using myriads of available worldwide materials. One-off prototypes can be hideously expensive to produce, but a 3D Printer can bring down the cost by a sizable margin. Many consumers goods, mechanical parts, aerospace, automobiles, robots, shoes, fashions, architects' models, dentures, hearing aids, cell biology, now appear in a 3D-printed form for appraisal by engineers, stylists, biologist, and clients before obtaining the final approval. The 3D Printing Technology provides the additional advantage of removing many overhead manufacturing costs and time-delay. The rewards are substantial, as it permits product development teams effortlessly, rapidly and cost effectively yielding models, prototypes, and patterns to be manufactured in hours or days rather than weeks, or months.

The book emphasizes the understanding principles and utility of renewable energy and green technology to minimize dependency on fossil fuels in the era of global development. The book focused on recent trends in renewable energy with principles and practices in relation to climate change This book highlighted advanced approaches for sustainable use of renewable energy sources The methodology for various aspect of renewable energy are illustrated with figures and charts Uses of agriculture and forestry sector as a green technology are also illustrated/mentioned This book potentially will helpful for policymakers in the field of renewable energy

This peer-reviewed book explores the technologies driving broadband internet connectivity in the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). It particularly focuses on potential solutions to introduce these technologies in emerging markets and rural areas, regions that typically form part of the digital divide and often have under-developed telecommunications infrastructures, a lack of skilled workers, and geographical restrictions that limit broadband connectivity. Research shows that ubiquitous internet access boosts socio-economic growth through innovations in science and technology, with the common goal of bringing positive change to the lives of individuals. Fifth-generation (5G) networks based on millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency information transfer have the potential to provide future-proof, affordable and sustainable broadband connectivity in areas where previous-generation mobile networks were unable to do so. This book discusses the principles of various technologies that enable electronic circuits to operate at mm-wave frequencies. It examines the importance of identifying, describing, and analyzing technology from a purely technological standpoint, but also acknowledges and investigates the challenges and limitations of introducing such technologies in emerging markets. Presenting recent research, the book spearheads participation in Industry 4.0 in these areas.

An up-to-date guide for using massive amounts of data and novel technologies to design, build, and maintain better systems engineering Systems Engineering in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Big Data, Novel Technologies, and Modern Systems Engineering offers a guide to the recent changes in systems engineering prompted by the current challenging and innovative industrial environment called the Fourth Industrial Revolution—INDUSTRY 4.0. This book contains advanced models, innovative practices, and state-of-the-art research findings on systems engineering. The contributors, an international panel of experts on the topic, explore the key elements in systems engineering that have shifted towards data collection and analytics, available and used in the design and development of systems and also in the later life-cycle stages of use and retirement. The contributors address the issues in a system in which the system involves data in its operation, contrasting with earlier approaches in which data, models, and algorithms were less involved in the function of the system. The book covers a wide range of topics including five systems engineering domains: systems engineering and systems thinking; systems software and process engineering; the digital factory; reliability and maintainability modeling and analytics; and organizational aspects of systems engineering. This important resource: Presents new and advanced approaches, methodologies, and tools for designing, testing, deploying, and maintaining advanced complex systems Explores effective evidence-based risk management practices Describes an integrated approach to safety, reliability, and cyber security based on system theory Discusses entrepreneurship as a multidisciplinary system Emphasizes technical merits of systems engineering concepts by providing technical models Written for systems engineers, Systems Engineering in the Fourth Industrial Revolution offers an up-to-date resource that contains the best practices and most recent research on the topic of systems engineering.

New Student Literacies amid COVID-19 explores how institutions needed to defend teaching, learning, research and innovation, and implement transdisciplinary approaches to address such complexities together with wider knowledge sharing to unlock solutions.

Globalization and technological advances have the immense power to create a new economy, address sustainability concerns, and facilitate societal changes. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to notable modifications in the world economy and society that require adjustments to business models, as well as our way of life. It is critical to understand these new models in our changing society for businesses to not only survive, but to thrive. COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on New Economy Development and Societal Change provides an updated view of the newest trends, novel practices, and latest tendencies concerning the manner of shaping the new economy and accelerating societal change, demonstrating the crucial importance of rethinking the world’s models, priorities, and strategies while seeking a more responsible path for humanity. Covering topics such as tourism and salesmanship skills, this publication is ideal for academicians, researchers, scientists, scholars, practitioners, industry professionals, consultants, instructors, and students.

Africa's contributions to global technological advancements are often overlooked, with many scholars claiming that the continent has yet to contribute significantly to digital technology. This misconception stems from a need for more understanding and recognition of Africa's indigenous knowledge and its role in shaping the modern world. The education curriculum inherited from colonialism must differentiate Africa's values and culture from Western ideals, leading to a devaluation of Africa's mineral wealth in technological advancements. Additionally, the impact of historical events such as the Atlantic slave trade and colonialism on Africa's indigenous knowledge remains largely unexplored, further contributing to the misunderstanding of Africa's technological contributions. Contributions of Africa's Indigenous Knowledge to the Wave of Digital Technology: Decolonial Perspectives offers a comprehensive exploration of Africa's indigenous knowledge and its crucial role in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). By taking a decolonial perspective and examining the literature on African Studies, the book aims to shed light on Africa's significant contributions to digital technology. Through a qualitative research design and an exploratory approach, the book will collect and analyze data from secondary sources to showcase Africa's rich technological advancements and history of innovations.