Grade level: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, k, p, e, i, s, t.

For the first two editions of the book Probability (GTM 95), each chapter included a comprehensive and diverse set of relevant exercises. While the work on the third edition was still in progress, it was decided that it would be more appropriate to publish a separate book that would comprise all of the exercises from previous editions, in addition to many new exercises. Most of the material in this book consists of exercises created by Shiryaev, collected and compiled over the course of many years while working on many interesting topics. Many of the exercises resulted from discussions that took place during special seminars for graduate and undergraduate students. Many of the exercises included in the book contain helpful hints and other relevant information. Lastly, the author has included an appendix at the end of the book that contains a summary of the main results, notation and terminology from Probability Theory that are used throughout the present book. This Appendix also contains additional material from Combinatorics, Potential Theory and Markov Chains, which is not covered in the book, but is nevertheless needed for many of the exercises included here.

Winner of the 2012 PROSE Award for Mathematics from The American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence. "A great book, one that I will certainly add to my personal library." —Paul J. Nahin, Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering, University of New Hampshire Classic Problems of Probability presents a lively account of the most intriguing aspects of statistics. The book features a large collection of more than thirty classic probability problems which have been carefully selected for their interesting history, the way they have shaped the field, and their counterintuitive nature. From Cardano's 1564 Games of Chance to Jacob Bernoulli's 1713 Golden Theorem to Parrondo's 1996 Perplexing Paradox, the book clearly outlines the puzzles and problems of probability, interweaving the discussion with rich historical detail and the story of how the mathematicians involved arrived at their solutions. Each problem is given an in-depth treatment, including detailed and rigorous mathematical proofs as needed. Some of the fascinating topics discussed by the author include: Buffon's Needle problem and its ingenious treatment by Joseph Barbier, culminating into a discussion of invariance Various paradoxes raised by Joseph Bertrand Classic problems in decision theory, including Pascal's Wager, Kraitchik's Neckties, and Newcomb's problem The Bayesian paradigm and various philosophies of probability Coverage of both elementary and more complex problems, including the Chevalier de Méré problems, Fisher and the lady testing tea, the birthday problem and its various extensions, and the Borel-Kolmogorov paradox Classic Problems of Probability is an eye-opening, one-of-a-kind reference for researchers and professionals interested in the history of probability and the varied problem-solving strategies employed throughout the ages. The book also serves as an insightful supplement for courses on mathematical probability and introductory probability and statistics at the undergraduate level.

This is a book of problems in probability and their solutions. The work has been written for undergraduate students who have a background in calculus and wish to study probability.Probability theory is a key part of contemporary mathematics. The subject plays a key role in the insurance industry, modelling financial markets, and statistics in general — including all those fields of endeavour to which statistics is applied (e.g. health, physical sciences, engineering, economics, social sciences). Every student majoring in mathematics at university ought to take a course on probability or mathematical statistics. Probability is now a standard part of high school mathematics, and teachers ought to be well versed and confident in the subject. Problem solving is important in mathematics. This book combines problem solving and probability.

The Russian version of A collection of problems in probability theory contains a chapter devoted to statistics. That chapter has been omitted in this translation because, in the opinion of the editor, its content deviates somewhat from that which is suggested by the title: problems in pro bability theory. The original Russian version contains some errors; an attempt was made to correct all errors found, but perhaps a few stiII remain. An index has been added for the convenience of the reader who may be searching for a definition, a classical problem, or whatever. The index lists pages as well as problems where the indexed words appear. The book has been translated and edited with the hope of leaving as much "Russian flavor" in the text and problems as possible. Any pecu liarities present are most likely a result of this intention. August, 1972 Bryan A. Haworth viii Foreword to the Russian edition This Collection of problems in probability theory is primarily intended for university students in physics and mathematics departments. Its goal is to help the student of probability theory to master the theory more pro foundly and to acquaint him with the application of probability theory methods to the solution of practical problems. This collection is geared basically to the third edition of the GNEDENKO textbook Course in proba bility theory, Fizmatgiz, Moscow (1961), Probability theory, Chelsea (1965).

Probability theory is an important part of contemporary mathematics. It plays a key role in the insurance industry, in the modelling of financial markets, and in statistics generally — including all those fields of endeavour to which statistics is applied (e.g. health, physical sciences, engineering, economics). The 20th century has been an important period for the subject, because we have witnessed the development of a solid mathematical basis for the study of probability, especially from the Russian school of probability under the leadership of A N Kolmogorov. We have also seen many new applications of probability — from applications of stochastic calculus in the financial industry to Internet gambling. At the beginning of the 21st century, the subject offers plenty of scope for theoretical developments, modern applications and computational problems. There is something for everyone in probability! The notes and problems in this book have been designed to provide a basis for a series of lectures suitable for advanced undergraduate students on the subject of probability. Through problem solving, students can experience the excitement associated with probability. This activity will help them to develop their problem-solving skills, which are so valuable in today's world. The problems in the book will introduce the student to some famous works and workers in probability and convey the historical, classical and contemporary aspects of probability. A key feature of the book is that many problems are in fact small guided research projects. The research work involved in solving the problems will enhance the student's library research skills.

Remarkable puzzlers, graded in difficulty, illustrate elementary and advanced aspects of probability. These problems were selected for originality, general interest, or because they demonstrate valuable techniques. Also includes detailed solutions.

Approximately 1,000 problems — with answers and solutions included at the back of the book — illustrate such topics as random events, random variables, limit theorems, Markov processes, and much more.

The purpose of this book is to not only persuade leaders that action research is leadership, but that leadership can be more deliberate in promoting human dignity when leaders engage in a reflective process of continuous improvement. An action research frame of mind is the impetus for efforts toward continuous improvement -- dissatisfaction with what is the beginning of improvement! The caveat is that leadership is not a position, leadership is action. Those who want to make their work better, their service better, their clients, customers, stakeholders, children, or students better -- are leaders, with or without a bureaucratic or hierarchical position. Professional leadership, executive leadership, company leadership, and everyday leadership requires action and reflection on those actions to determine the effectiveness of the continuous improvement process. The rationale for this book is to provide leaders at all levels with a framework that progresses through six steps of action and research from considering the challenge faced by the leader within an organization to reflecting on the improvement and next steps to continue the improvement process - thus Leading Up: From Problem to Possibility.

This volume is concerned with the problems in probability and statistics. Ill-posed problems are usually understood as those results where small changes in the assumptions lead to arbitrarily large changes in the conclusions. Such results are not very useful for practical applications where the presumptions usually hold only approximately (because even a slightest departure from the assumed model may produce an uncontrollable shift in the outcome). Often, the ill-posedness of certain practical problems is due to the lack of their precise mathematical formulation. Consequently, one can deal with such problems by replacing a given ill-posed problem with another, well-posed problem, which in some sense is 'close' to the original one. The goal in this book is to show that ill-posed problems are not just a mere curiosity in the contemporary theory of mathematical statistics and probability. On the contrary, such problems are quite common, and majority of classical results fall into this class. The objective of this book is to identify problems of this type, and re-formulate them more correctly. Thus, alternative (more precise in the above sense) versions are proposed of numerous classical theorems in the theory of probability and mathematical statistics. In addition, some non-standard problems are considered from this point of view.