This Brief presents steps towards elaborating a new interpretation of quantum mechanics based on a specific version of Łukasiewicz infinite-valued logic. It begins with a short survey of main interpretations of quantum mechanics already proposed, as well as various models of many-valued logics and previous attempts to apply them for the description of quantum phenomena. The prospective many-valued interpretation of quantum mechanics is soundly based on a theorem concerning the isomorphic representation of Birkhoff-von Neumann quantum logic in the form of a special Łukasiewicz infinite-valued logic endowed with partially defined conjunctions and disjunctions.

Unified Field Mechanics, the topic of the 9th international symposium honoring noted French mathematical physicist Jean-Pierre Vigier cannot be considered highly speculative as a myopic critic might surmise. The 8th Vigier Symposium proceedings 'The Physics of Reality' should in fact be touted as a companion volume because of its dramatic theoretical Field Mechanics in additional dimensionality. Many still consider the Planck-scale zero-point field stochastic quantum foam as the 'basement of reality'. This could only be considered true under the limitations of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum theory. As we enter the next regime of Unified Field Mechanics we now know that the energy-dependent Einstein-Minkowski manifold called spacetime has a finite radius beyond which a large-scale multiverse beckons. So far a battery of 14 experiments has been designed to falsify the model. When the 1st is successfully performed, a revolution in Natural Science will occur! This volume strengthens and expands the theoretical and experimental basis for that immanent new age.

This book is an attempt to accumulate the researches on diverse inter disciplinary field of engineering and management using Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). The book is organized in seven sections with twenty two chapters, covering a wide range of applications. Section I, caters theoretical aspects of FIS in chapter one. Section II, dealing with FIS applications to management related problems and consisting three chapters. Section III, accumulates six chapters to commemorate FIS application to mechanical and industrial engineering problems. Section IV, elaborates FIS application to image processing and cognition problems encompassing four chapters. Section V, describes FIS application to various power system engineering problem in three chapters. Section VI highlights the FIS application to system modeling and control problems and constitutes three chapters. Section VII accommodates two chapters and presents FIS application to civil engineering problem.

Quantum Structures and the Nature of Reality is a collection of papers written for an interdisciplinary audience about the quantum structure research within the International Quantum Structures Association. The advent of quantum mechanics has changed our scientific worldview in a fundamental way. Many popular and semi-popular books have been published about the paradoxical aspects of quantum mechanics. Usually, however, these reflections find their origin in the standard views on quantum mechanics, most of all the wave-particle duality picture. Contrary to relativity theory, where the meaning of its revolutionary ideas was linked from the start with deep structural changes in the geometrical nature of our world, the deep structural changes about the nature of our reality that are indicated by quantum mechanics cannot be traced within the standard formulation. The study of the structure of quantum theory, its logical content, its axiomatic foundation, has been motivated primarily by the search for their structural changes. Due to the high mathematical sophistication of this quantum structure research, no books have been published which try to explain the recent results for an interdisciplinary audience. This book tries to fill this gap by collecting contributions from some of the main researchers in the field. They reveal the steps that have been taken towards a deeper structural understanding of quantum theory.

Since its inception in the famous 1936 paper by Birkhoff and von Neumann entitled "The logic of quantum mechanics quantum logic, i.e. the logical investigation of quantum mechanics, has undergone an enormous development. Various schools of thought and approaches have emerged and there are a variety of technical results.Quantum logic is a heterogeneous field of research ranging from investigations which may be termed logical in the traditional sense to studies focusing on structures which are on the border between algebra and logic. For the latter structures the term quantum structures is appropriate. The chapters of this Handbook, which are authored by the most eminent scholars in the field, constitute a comprehensive presentation of the main schools, approaches and results in the field of quantum logic and quantum structures. Much of the material presented is of recent origin representing the frontier of the subject. The present volume focuses on quantum structures. Among the structures studied extensively in this volume are, just to name a few, Hilbert lattices, D-posets, effect algebras MV algebras, partially ordered Abelian groups and those structures underlying quantum probability.- Written by eminent scholars in the field of logic- A comprehensive presentation of the theory, approaches and results in the field of quantum logic- Volume focuses on quantum structures

This book describes recent advances on fuzzy logic, neural networks and optimization algorithms, as well as their hybrid combinations, and their application in areas such as intelligent control and robotics, pattern recognition, medical diagnosis, time series prediction and optimization of complex problems. The book contains a collection of papers focused on hybrid intelligent systems based on soft computing. There are some papers with the main theme of type-1 and type-2 fuzzy logic, which basically consists of papers that propose new concepts and algorithms based on type-1 and type-2 fuzzy logic and their applications. There are also some papers that present theory and practice of meta-heuristics in different areas of application. Another group of papers describes diverse applications of fuzzy logic, neural networks and hybrid intelligent systems in medical applications. There are also some papers that present theory and practice of neural networks in different areas of application. In addition, there are papers that present theory and practice of optimization and evolutionary algorithms in different areas of application. Finally, there are some papers describing applications of fuzzy logic, neural networks and meta-heuristics in pattern recognition problems.

Recently I proposed Quantum Language (QL) as a language of (dualistic and idealistic) science, which is also characterized as a linguistic turn of quantum mechanics. QL has two subclasses, non-commutative QL and commutative QL. They are applicable to quantum systems and to classical systems, respectively. QL is composed of Axiom 1 (measurement), Axiom 2 (causality), and the linguistic Copenhagen interpretation. This theory has a stronger descriptive power than (quantum) mechanics and statistics. Axioms 1 and 2 are usual since they are operator algebraic generalizations of quantum mechanics. On the other hand, the part of “linguistic Copenhagen interpretation” is not usual. This is defined by “a rule for drawing a line between science and pseudoscience”. For example, the Popper's falsifiability is one of the rules of the linguistic Copenhagen interpretation. Other examples are: 1) “There exists only `one', and not `many'.” (due to Parmenides) -> “Measurement can only be done once”, “A state does not move.” 2)“There is no motion.”(due to Parmenides) -> “A state does not move.” 3) “There is only the present.” ( due to Augustinus) -> “There is no tense.” 4) “To be is to be perceived.” (due to Berkely) -> “Nothing can be said without measurement.” ... It is surprising that philosophers who did not know quantum mechanics approached the Copenhagen interpretation as described above. Thus, I consider that the Copenhagen Interpretation is not attached to quantum mechanics, but to quantum language. I will show that QL is a scientific perfection of dualistic idealism in Western philosophy. In fact, the following unsolved problems in Western philosophy can be solved only by QL, not by statistics. * Zeno paradoxes, the problem of universals, Descartes problem (=mind-body problem + subjectivity problem), the Leibniz-Clarke space-time correspondence, Hume's problem of induction, the Grue paradox, From Kantian synthesis to QL-synthesis, the brain in a vat, Hempel's flagpole problem, the black raven problem, Wittgenstein's problem “ Why does logic work in our world?”, etc. The most fundamental theories in modern science are commonly said to be the three: theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, and statistics. However, as this book will show, commutative QL is more powerful and beautiful than statistics. Therefore, I would replace the above three by “ theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, and commutative QL”.

"Is quantum logic really logic?" This book argues for a positive answer to this question once and for all. There are many quantum logics and their structures are delightfully varied. The most radical aspect of quantum reasoning is reflected in unsharp quantum logics, a special heterodox branch of fuzzy thinking. For the first time, the whole story of Quantum Logic is told; from its beginnings to the most recent logical investigations of various types of quantum phenomena, including quantum computation. Reasoning in Quantum Theory is designed for logicians, yet amenable to advanced graduate students and researchers of other disciplines.

In this paper one generalizes the classical probability and imprecise probability to the notion of “neutrosophic probability” in order to be able to model Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle of a particle’s behavior, Schrödinger’s Cat Theory, and the state of bosons which do not obey Pauli’s Exclusion Principle (in quantum physics).

For many physicists quantum theory contains strong conceptual difficulties, while for others the apparent conclusions about the reality of our physical world and the ways in which we discover that reality remain philosophically unacceptable. This book focuses on recent theoretical and experimental developments in the foundations of quantum physics, including topics such as the puzzles and paradoxes which appear when general relativity and quantum mechanics are combined; the emergence of classical properties from quantum mechanics; stochastic electrodynamics; EPR experiments and Bell's Theorem; the consistent histories approach and the problem of datum uniqueness in quantum mechanics; non-local measurements and teleportation of quantum states; quantum non-demolition measurements in optics and matter wave properties observed by neutron, electron and atomic interferometry. Audience: This volume is intended for graduate students of physics and those interested in the foundations of quantum theory.