In the year that has passed since the war in Iraq, the United States and its European allies have done much to repair their relations. Nonetheless, the end of the Cold War, Europe's continuing integration, and the new array of threats confronting the West continue to test the strength of the Atlantic partnership. To revitalize the Atlantic alliance, Europe and America must forge new "rules of the road" governing the use of force, adapt the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to meet today's threats coming from outside Europe, and launch a major initiative to bring about political and economic reform in the greater Middle East. These are the conclusions of an independent Task Force chaired by former secretary of state Henry A. Kissinger and former secretary of the treasury Lawrence H. Summers. This report argues that the current rift in transatlantic relations is not solely a product of the war in Iraq, but that the war "brought these strains to a point of crisis. ... What is surprising is the extent to which the terrorist attacks on the United States, and the reactions of Europeans to America's response to those attacks, have transformed these differences into active confrontation." The report sets out priorities for the transatlantic community, such as establishing new guidelines for the use of military force and developing a common policy toward irresponsible states that seek or possess weapons of mass destruction or that harbor or support terrorists. It also lays out guidelines for restoring and deepening transatlantic cooperation.

The end of the Cold War and the advent of the European Union (EU) as an emerging political actor have fundamentally changed Canada's approach to its relations with Western Europe. Trans-Atlantic Partners traces the Canadian Government's reassessment of its traditional Atlanticist foreign policy orientation by looking at the rising importance of the EU as a key "pillar" in Canada's post-World War II trans-Atlantic relations.

This book provides an overview of what has happened to NATO from the closing stages of the Cold War to the new era of international terrorism. However, it is more than that. It also argues that NATO has travelled a course that contradicts the prevailing image of an organization in decline and crisis. NATO must be crafted by its members to fit the security environment in which it operates. Rynning argues that the allies did this poorly in the mid-90s but have succeeded better in the past few years. NATO has persisted into this new era because it has overcome a crisis of identity in the 90s and is on track to establish a viable model for flexible transatlantic security cooperation.

This book examines developments in E.U.-U.S. political and economic relations in the 1990s. It contributes to the existing literature by combining knowledge about actors and institutions to outline the transatlantic decision-making process. It focuses not only on how states co-operate but how they effectively govern the transatlantic marketplace and the international political order through transatlantic institutions. Studying transatlantic governance enables us to understand not only how domestic, or E.U. level, decision-making structures affect transatlantic decisions but also how transatlantic decisions affect domestic institutions. In short, employing decision-making structures as an analytical approach helps us identify who governs and how, and who or what determines policy outcomes. This book is the result of a comprehensive research project and it includes detailed case studies on E.U.-U.S. efforts to fight people-trafficking, E.U.-U.S. regulatory co-operation in the form of Mutual Recognition Agreements and the transatlantic trade dispute over bananas. The book is aimed at anyone with an interest in what transatlantic relations entail outside the confines of NATO security.

This major new study presents both conceptual and practical guidance at a crucial time when intellectual and practical efforts to protect against the new terrorism should move beyond a purely domestic focus. Creating an effective and integrated national homeland security effort is a significant challenge. Europe and the United States have reacted differently to the emergence of mass casualty terrorism, but must work together to cope with the diverse issue areas, sectors, professions, and relevant actors involved in such a broad-based concept. The authors suggest that Europe and the US have a lot to gain by coordinating more closely, and that the exchange of experience is crucial as we attempt to stay ahead of a learning enemy.

The war in Afghanistan has run for more than a decade, and NATO has become increasingly central to it. In this book, Sten Rynning examines NATO's role in the campaign and the difficult diplomacy involved in fighting a war by alliance. He explores the history of the war and its changing momentum, and explains how NATO at first faltered but then improved its operations to become a critical enabler for the U.S. surge of 2009. However, he also uncovers a serious and enduring problem for NATO in the shape of a disconnect between high liberal hopes for the new Afghanistan and a lack of realism about the military campaign prosecuted to bring it about. He concludes that, while NATO has made it to the point in Afghanistan where the war no longer has the potential to break it, the alliance is, at the same time, losing its own struggle to define itself as a vigorous and relevant entity on the world stage. To move forward, he argues, NATO allies must recover their common purpose as a Western alliance, and he outlines options for change.

Transatlantic relations underwent significant change throughout the 1960s and 1970s as post-1945 cooperation was gradually replaced by rivalry in the economic, defence and intelligence arenas. An increasingly vulnerable United States economy, together with a focus on détente, led the Nixon Administration to adopt policies which directly challenged European economic and security concerns. However, this was also the time when inter-allied relations experienced significant rejuvenation. The rise of conservativism in the United States, no less than the debacle in Vietnam, augured new foreign policy priorities for American leaders. Coinciding with the renewed focus on economic liberalism on both sides of the Atlantic, the influence of conservatives in redefining international relations became increasingly obvious. 02 Drawing on recently declassified documents, Reform and Renewal offers a detailed analysis of the major events and themes in the transatlantic relationship. Focusing on the post-1960 era—a distinct phase in the transatlantic relationship—it provides an examination of the interplay between domestic political factors and the broader structural factors shaping relations between the United States and the countries of Western Europe. Providing a comparative perspective on key initiatives such as the Year of Europe, this edited collection will greatly enhance the existing literature in the field.

The EU-NATO relationship continues to develop at a time of significant change for both organizations. Post 9/11, NATO embarked on a fundamental transformation, recasting itself as an organization with global strategic reach and interest, focused less on Europe than ever before. At the same time, the EU is also becoming a more global political actor. Consequently, there is growing evidence that over time the EU will take the primary place in providing military security in Europe. This volume combines political and legal methods to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current and likely future relationship between the EU and NATO. The work will be of interest to all those interested in the development of these two major organizations and international security more generally, whether from a political or legal perspective.