Research and Clinical Applications of Targeting Gastric Neoplasms provides a comprehensive overview of gastrointestinal cancers, covering preclinical research and clinical findings related to risk factors, current treatment regimens (including immunotherapy), screening/detection methods, etiology of disease, precision medicine and future perspectives. Gastrointestinal cancers rank among the most lethal and common worldwide, and as such, there is intense research into their diverse causes and treatment options. This reference provides a consolidation of the research, making it a perfect resource for basic science and clinical researchers as well as oncologists who work in gastroenterology and GI tract cancer fields. - Provides comprehensive coverage of preclinical research and the clinical aspects of gastric cancer - Presents future perspectives from leading researchers in the field who provide the potential for furthering research topics - Combines the expertise of researchers in GI tracts, cancer, immunity, immunology, infectious disease and microbiology for an interdisciplinary approach

In this book the editors and authors provide a comprehensive overview on basic research and clinical aspects of hereditary breast and gastric tumors. In particular, this updated editorial work aims to suggest guidelines for the clinical management of patients with hereditary diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer. Special attention is given to E-cadherin (CDH1 gene) germline mutations, genetic screening approaches, the underlying molecular mechanisms and pathological and microscopic features. In addition, the book aims to define clinical criteria for genetic screening, and highlights current surgical treatment and clinical approaches for asymptomatic mutation carriers. Other inherited predispositions involving gastric and breast carcinoma are discussed as well. Divided into eight sections, the book starts by providing an epidemiological overview of gastric and breast cancers, followed by a section dealing with new descriptions of genetic pathways in hereditary cancer predispositions. The third section focuses on pathological features of the diseases, in an effort to bridge the gap between discovery and cancer therapy development. Subsequent sections of the book are dedicated to endoscopy and breast imaging, as well as risk-reducing surgeries to curb the risk of developing cancer. The sixth section focuses on the generation of ideas for the identification of targets and novel treatment strategies. Finally, in the seventh section the authors share the story of two patients and their experiences with the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary cancer. This multidisciplinary book brings together multiple disciplines in science and technology; specifically, medicine, surgery and biology. The majority of authors are members of the International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium (IGCLC) and of the European Cancer Prevention Organization (EJCPO), with relevant experience in this context. Offering in-depth insights into hereditary cancers, this book represents essential reading for students, researchers, and specialists who want to extend their knowledge on hereditary gastric and breast cancers.

This issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics provides a multidisciplinary approach to the evaluation and care of individuals with inherited gastrointestinal cancer conditions. With the many recent advances made in genomic medicine and the potential impact on medical management, the articles in this issue disseminate new knowledge on the identification and management of individuals and families with a genetic susceptibility to the development of gastrointestinal cancers, including the genetic basis and cancer risks associated with inherited cancer syndromes and integrated familial cancer risk assessment; genetic testing approaches; and incorporating genetic risk counseling into routine medical care. The goal is to improve detection of GI cancer syndromes, understand related cancer risks, and optimize strategies for the prevention and early detection of cancers to minimize morbidity and mortality. Integrating genetic assessment into gastrointestinal cancer care is highly relevant across the cancer care spectrum and gastroenterologists will come away with the most current evidence to enhance and improve their clinical practice. - Provides in-depth, clinical reviews on Inherited GI Cancers: Identification, Management and the Role of Genetic Evaluation and Testing, providing actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field; Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews. - Contains 11 relevant, practice-oriented topics including Defining High-Risk Individuals for Pancreatic Cancer and the Role of Genetic Testing; Endoscopic Management and Surgical Consideration for FAP-Related Polyposis; Genetic Syndromes Associated with Gastric Cancer; Screening and Surgical Considerations in Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer; and more.

Gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies account for a large portion of cancers worldwide. Although incidence of esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers has decreased in recent years, pancreatic and liver cancer have increased. The mainstay of GI cancer therapy is chemoradiation and surgery. Despite significant medical advancements, diagnosis and therapy for GI cancers remain challenging due to tumor cell resistance to chemoradiotherapy. The tumor’s increased cell signalling due to excessive transcription factor activation and increased stellate cell activity leads to collagen deposition formation of a dense stroma around the tumor, which prevents drugs from reaching the malignant cells. This leads to tumor chemoresistance. To circumvent these difficulties, drug therapy targeting the tumor’s specific microenvironment and the additive anticancer effect of phytochemicals can allow for more effective treatment. This volume will be the first on the market on the topic of phytochemicals and their effect on the tumor microenvironment (TME). TME is an emerging area of research and the book will be a welcome introductory addition to the field.

This volume explores recent advances in the use of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and adult stem cells (ASCs) in basic and clinical applications. The chapters discuss use of PSCs for drug screening, genome editing, modeling of kidney, motor neuron diseases, and diabetes as well as their application in cancer; ASCs are discussed in the contexts of banking of umbilical cord stem cells, use of multipotential stromal cells (MSCs) for bone repair, cellular interactions during fracture repair stages, and therapeutic applications of neural crest stem cells and lung stem cells. The text is organized by sections dealing with PSCs and ASCs specifically, presenting the reader with a comprehensive examination of both these forms of stem cells. Expertly authored and drawing from a wealth of international perspectives, Recent Advances in Stem Cells: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications presents a succinct yet detailed review of cutting-edge research in this rapidly expanding field. This installment of Springer’s Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine series is essential reading for academics, researchers, and clinicians in the fields of cell biology, genetics, nephrology, osteology, oncology, and pulmonology.

Cancer immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, has revolutionized the paradigm in cancer treatment. However, the clinical outcome of immunotherapy varies considerably among patients and only a minority of patients achieve long-term clinical benefits. This is largely attributed to the fact that existing cancer immunotherapies, which concentrate on several classical targets (CTAL-4, PD-1/PD-L1, etc.) and limited types of immune cell populations (T cells), are insufficient to cope with the complexity of highly heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME). This calls for more efforts to not only expand our toolbox for manipulating anticancer immunity but also diversify our combinational strategies. To this end, it is urgent to deeper our understanding of cancer immunotherapy by using both experimental and computational methodologies from multi-scale perspectives: 1) novel targets from either tumor cells or non-tumor cells within TME (e.g., tumor intrinsic resistance drivers, new immune checkpoints, neoantigens), 2) in-depth characterization of more immune cell populations (e.g., macrophages, Tregs, B cells) and their interactions and dynamics within TME, 3) landscape of actionable targets in patient populations for combination design. These efforts will open the avenue of rational design of combinational immunotherapies, allowing researchers and clinicians to design novel targeting therapeutics or to optimally orchestrate combinatory strategies aiming to surmount resistance mechanisms and improve clinical outcomes.

The overall prognosis for patients with gastric cancer remains poor as tumors are often diagnosed at an advanced stage, despite new developments and technical advances in endoscopic diagnosis and therapy. This publication brings together leading experts in the fields of basic research and clinical management of gastric cancer, to share their expertise with the clinical community. State-of-the-art reviews discuss the pathogenesis of and the most important risk factors for the development of gastric cancer, potential benefits of chemoprevention and Helicobacter pylori eradication. Moreover, new diagnostic modalities and surgical therapy, including the potential benefits of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies, are presented. As most patients require palliative therapy because of locally advanced or metastasized cancers, several reviews are dedicated to advances in the chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancers and peritoneal metastasis. Finally, future approaches towards a molecular diagnosis and therapy are described. Those involved in the management of gastric cancer patients will find the information presented in this publication of utmost help and will benefit greatly for their daily routine.

Molecular Pathology of Neoplastic Gastrointestinal Diseases reviews the molecular aspects that characterize the spectrum of neoplastic conditions that affect the gastrointestinal tract, providing the reader with current up-to-date knowledge. For each disease entity chapters provide reviews on: the molecular basis of the individual disease molecular testing approaches currently available or in development for diagnosis or for gene target characterization for selective targeted therapies recommended guidelines for clinical application of molecular tests are included whenever available molecular testing for hereditary predisposition or disease risk animal models and cell culture models of disease