International Journal of Research, abbreviated as IJR is an international peer reviewed, internationally refereed, online, open-access journal published monthly. International Journal of Research (IJR) represents a revolution in scholarly journal publishing platform. A pioneering effort in liberal, open access publishing with fast and high quality peer review that brings journal publishing to the doorstep of every researcher and student. We believe that quality information should be free and accessible universally in this day and age. The ideology of an open-access journal is in being free for all and IJR will be free for all to read and share.

"The Legends of the Punjabi Warriors" by Roman Sidhu is a riveting historical account of the brave warriors of Punjab who valiantly defended their land and people against invading forces. This book delves into the rich history of Punjab, exploring the origins of the Punjabi warrior culture and the various battles that have shaped the region's history. Through vivid storytelling and meticulous research, Roman Sidhu takes readers on a journey through the ages, chronicling the exploits of legendary Punjabi warriors such as Banda Singh Bahadur, Hari Singh Nalwa, and many others. From battles with the Mughals to conflicts with the British, "The Legends of the Punjabi Warriors" offers a comprehensive look at the struggles and triumphs of these fierce warriors. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in Punjabi history and culture, and for those who are fascinated by tales of courage and heroism. "The Legends of the Punjabi Warriors" is a captivating and informative work that will leave readers with a deep appreciation for the people and culture of Punjab.

Shaheed Bhagat Singh’s ‘Jail Notebook’ opens a window into his exploration of ideas of distinguished thinkers and philosophers. Well-known among his comrades as an avid and voracious reader, Bhagat Singh managed to procure during his imprisonment in jail a large number of selected books by prominent authors of his choice. The excerpts, notes and quotes from those books which he wrote down in his jail notebook reflected not only the seriousness with which he studied the books but also his intellectual sophistication and social and political concerns. However, the perfunctory reference to the sources or books from which these notes and quotes were taken left a rather perplexing question mark with regard to the authentic source i.e. from exactly which editions of which books by which particular authors were these taken. As a result, fantastic claims and wild speculations came to be made by admiring scholars as to the number of books and the kind of original works of great thinkers that Bhagat Singh was able to study in the jail. As a sequel to that the present work Bhagat Singh’s ‘Jail Note Book’, Its Context and Relevance by Harish Jain represents an exceptionally tenacious and laborious search and research into the specific and authentic sources of the particular notes and quotes entered in the Jail Notebook. The story of the author’s exploration for over a decade, searching and identifying books by following astute guesses and hunches, and rummaging through many likely or probable books accessible at that time, many of which were not easily available now, makes a fascinating reading. Contextualising the importance and reach of the ideas of the various authors in those times helps one to understand why they might have appeared significant to Bhagat Singh. Besides discussing the ideas central to the books he read attempt has been made here to explain the import of the quotes he chose to copy. A unique work of its kind, this study is both enriching and a pleasure to read.

Contributed papers presented at the National Seminar on "the Role of Women in the Indian Freedom Movement" held on March 21-22, 1998 at University of Mumbai.

The International Bibliography of Sikh Studies brings together all books, composite works, journal articles, conference proceedings, theses, dissertations, project reports, and electronic resources produced in the field of Sikh Studies until June 2004, making it the most complete and up-to-date reference work in the field today. One of the youngest religions of the world, Sikhism has progressively attracted attention on a global scale in recent decades. An increasing number of scholars is exploring the culture, history, politics, and religion of the Sikhs. The growing interest in Sikh Studies has resulted in an avalanche of literature, which is now for the first time brought together in the International Bibliography of Sikh Studies. This monumental work lists over 10,000 English-language publications under almost 30 subheadings, each representing a subfield in Sikh Studies. The Bibliography contains sections on a wide variety of subjects, such as Sikh gurus, Sikh philosophy, Sikh politics and Sikh religion. Furthermore, the encyclopedia presents an annotated survey of all major scholarly work on Sikhism, and a selective listing of electronic and web-based resources in the field. Author and subject indices are appended for the reader’s convenience.