The International Workshops on "The Use of Supercomputers in Theoretical Science" have become a tradition at the Univer sity of Antwerp, Belgium. The first one took place in 1984. This volume combines the proceedings of the second work shop (December 12, 1985), of the third (June 16, 1987) and of the fourth (June 9, 1988). The principal aim of the International Workshops is to present the state-of-the-art in scientific high speed computa tion. Indeed, during the past ten years computational science has become a third methodology with merits equal to the theo retical and experimental sciences. Regretfully, access to supercomputers remains limited for academic researchers. None theless, supercomputers have become a major tool for scientists in a wide variety of scientific fields, and they lead to a realistic solution of problems that could not be solved a decade ago. It is a pleasure to thank the Belgian National Science Foundation (NFWO-FNRS) for the sponsoring of all the workshops. These workshops are organized in the framework of the Third Cy cle "Vectorization, Parallel Processing and Supercomputers", which is also funded by the NFWO-FNRS. The other sponsor I want to thank is the University of Antwerp, where the workshops took place. The University of Antwerp (UIA), together with the NFWO-FNRS, are also the main sponsors of the ALPHA-project, which gives the scientists of Belgium the opportunity to obtain an easy supercomputer connection.

The International Workshop on "The Use of Supercomputers in Theoretical Science" took place on November 29 and 30, 1989 at the University of Antwerp (UIA), Antwerpen, Belgium. It was the fifth in a series of workshops, the first of which took place in 1984. The principal aim of these workshops is to present the state-of-the-art in scientific large scale and high speed computation. Computational science has developed into a third methodology equally important now as its theoretical and experimental companions. Gradually academic researchers acquired access to a variety of supercomputers and as a consequence computational science has become a major tool for their work. It is a pleasure to thank the Belgian National Science Foundation (NFWO-FNRS) and the Ministry of Scientific Affairs for sponsoring the workshop. It was organized both in the framework of the Third Cycle "Vectorization, Parallel Processing and Supercomputers" and the "Governemental Program in Information Technology"~ We also very much would like to thank the University of Antwerp (Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen - UIA) for financial and material support. Special thanks are due to Mrs. H. Evans for the typing and editing of the manuscripts and for the preparation of the author and subject index.

The International Workshop on "The Use of Supercomputers in Theoretical Science" took place on January 24 and 25, 1991, at the University of Antwerp (UIA), Antwerpen, Belgium. It was the sixth in a series of workshops, the fIrst of which took place in 1984. The principal aim of these workshops is to present the state of the art in scientific large-scale and high speed-computation. Computational science has developed into a third methodology equally important now as its theoretical and experimental companions. Gradually academic researchers acquired access to a variety of supercomputers and as a consequence computational science has become a major tool for their work. It is a pleasure to thank the Belgian National Science Foundation (NFWO-FNRS) and the Ministry of ScientifIc Affairs for sponsoring the workshop. It was organized both in the framework of the Third Cycle "Vectorization, Parallel Processing and Supercomputers" and the "Governemental Program in Information Technology". We also very much would like to thank the University of Antwerp (Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen -VIA) for fInancial and material support. Special thanks are due to Mrs. H. Evans for the typing and editing of the manuscripts and for the preparation of the author and subject indexes. J.T. Devreese P.E. Van Camp University of Antwerp July 1991 v CONlENTS High Perfonnance Numerically Intensive Applications on Distributed Memory Parallel Computers .................... . F.W. Wray Abstract ......................................... .

Scientific computing has become an indispensable tool in numerous fields, such as physics, mechanics, biology, finance and industry. For example, it enables us, thanks to efficient algorithms adapted to current computers, to simulate, without the help of models or experimentations, the deflection of beams in bending, the sound level in a theater room or a fluid flowing around an aircraft wing. This book presents the scientific computing techniques applied to parallel computing for the numerical simulation of large-scale problems; these problems result from systems modeled by partial differential equations. Computing concepts will be tackled via examples. Implementation and programming techniques resulting from the finite element method will be presented for direct solvers, iterative solvers and domain decomposition methods, along with an introduction to MPI and OpenMP.

This volume presents the proceedings of the First International workshop on Parallel Scientific Computing, PARA '94, held in Lyngby, Denmark in June 1994. It reports interdisciplinary work done by mathematicians, scientists and engineers working on large-scale computational problems in discussion with computer science specialists in the field of parallel methods and the efficient exploitation of modern high-performance computing resources. The 53 full refereed papers provide a wealth of new results: an up-to-date overview on high-speed computing facilities, including different parallel and vector computers as well as workstation clusters, is given and the most important numerical algorithms, with a certain emphasis on computational linear algebra, are investigated.

Summary: This work combines selected papers from a July 2008 workshop held in Cetraro, Italy, with invited papers by international contributors. Material is in sections on algorithms and scheduling, architectures, GRID technologies, cloud technologies, information processing and applications, and HPC and GRID infrastructures for e-science. B&w maps, images, and screenshots are used to illustrate topics such as nondeterministic coordination using S-Net, cloud computing for on-demand grid resource provisioning, grid computing for financial applications, and the evolution of research and education networks and their essential role in modern science. There is no subject index. The book's readership includes computer scientists, IT engineers, and managers interested in the future development of grids, clouds, and large-scale computing. Gentzsch is affiliated with the DEISA Project and Open Grid Forum, Germany.

Rapidly generating and processing large amounts of data, supercomputers are currently at the leading edge of computing technologies. Supercomputers are employed in many different fields, establishing them as an integral part of the computational sciences. Research and Applications in Global Supercomputing investigates current and emerging research in the field, as well as the application of this technology to a variety of areas. Highlighting a broad range of concepts, this publication is a comprehensive reference source for professionals, researchers, students, and practitioners interested in the various topics pertaining to supercomputing and how this technology can be applied to solve problems in a multitude of disciplines.

Proceedings -- Parallel Computing.

Visualization in scientific computing is getting more and more attention from many people. Especially in relation with the fast increase of com puting power, graphic tools are required in many cases for interpreting and presenting the results of various simulations, or for analyzing physical phenomena. The Eurographics Working Group on Visualization in Scientific Com puting has therefore organized a first workshop at Electricite de France (Clamart) in cooperation with ONERA (Chatillon). A wide range of pa pers were selected in order to cover most of the topics of interest for the members of the group, for this first edition, and 26 of them were presented in two days. Subsequently 18 papers were selected for this volume. 1'he presentations were organized in eight small sessions, in addition to discussions in small subgroups. The first two sessions were dedicated to the specific needs for visualization in computational sciences: the need for graphics support in large computing centres and high performance net works, needs of research and education in universities and academic cen tres, and the need for effective and efficient ways of integrating numerical computations or experimental data and graphics. Three of those papers are in Part I of this book. The third session discussed the importance and difficulties of using stan dards in visualization software, and was related to the fourth session where some reference models and distributed graphics systems were discussed. Part II has five papers from these sessions.

This text gives the proceedings for the fifth conference on parallel processing for scientific computing.