Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: The management of large amounts of information and knowledge is of ever increasing importance in today s large organisations. With the ongoing ease of supplying information online, especially in corporate intranets and knowledge bases, finding the right information becomes an increasingly difficult task. Today s search tools perform rather poorly in the sense that information access is mostly based on keyword searching or even mere browsing of topic areas. This unfocused approach often leads to undesired results. The following example illustrates the problem more clearly: An agriculture scientist would like to find out which organisation established the Agreement on Agriculture. A simple search for establish Agreement on Agriculture might result in a huge list of documents containing these words, but actually none of them containing the desired result: WTO or World Trade Organisation. The problem becomes even worse if the result searched for only appears in a foreign language document. Semantically annotated documents, i.e. documents that are indexed with ontological terms and concepts instead of simple keywords, provide several advantages. First, the ontological abstraction provides robustness against changes in the document. In the above example, the document representation might change using the term Agricultural Agreement instead of Agreement on Agriculture . However, since the document has been annotated with the ontological semantics, this will not affect the search results. Second, since the ontology used for annotating the document in this example is domain-specific, the semantic meanings and interpretations of keywords are bound to that domain and therefore the retrieval is likely to be more efficient. A term can have several meanings in different domains. By first mapping the keyword to its semantic representation in a specific ontology and using the ontology s linked knowledge structure, a much more focused search approach can be taken. Third, document specific representations no longer affect the search. This is extremely important in the case of multilingual representations. Keywords of several languages are mapped to the same concept in an ontology and are therefore given the same meaning. Multilingual search portals can be established to produce the same results, no matter which language is used for retrieval. An important task in knowledge management facilitating above described search scenario id [...]

Welcome to ECDL 2003 and to these conference proceedings, featuring all the papers presented at the 7th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries. Following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999), Lisbon (2000), Da- stadt (2001) and Rome (2002), ECDL 2003 in Trondheim reaches some of the northernmost shores of the continent. Being the seventh in an annual series of conferences represents, for better and for worse, a considerable tradition in the fast changing world of digit- library-related research and development. It is still a di?cult and slow job to change traditional forms and formats of communication at – and related to – scienti?c conferences, and also to change participants’ expectations. Yet each new conference builds upon the topics and communities involved in previous events and inherits the commitment to quality established by its predecessors. Each year, ECDL has to live up to its role of being “the major European forum focusing on digital libraries and associated technical, practical, and social issues,”bringingdiversedisciplinesandapplicationcommunitiestogether.There arestillchallengesinthisrespectaheadofus,butthequalityandrangeofpapers and other contributions, combined with opportunities for debate, should ensure that ECDL 2003 sets high standards for the future.

Business and medical professionals rely on large data sets to identify trends or other knowledge that can be gleaned from the collection of it. New technologies concentrate on data’s management, but do not facilitate users’ extraction of meaningful outcomes. Pattern and Data Analysis in Healthcare Settings investigates the approaches to shift computing from analysis on-demand to knowledge on-demand. By providing innovative tactics to apply data and pattern analysis, these practices are optimized into pragmatic sources of knowledge for healthcare professionals. This publication is an exhaustive source for policy makers, developers, business professionals, healthcare providers, and graduate students concerned with data retrieval and analysis.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, ITS 2014, held in Honolulu, HI, USA, in June 2014. The 31 revised full papers, 45 short papers and 27 posters presented were carefully viewed and selected from 177 submissions. The specific theme of the ITS 2014 conference is "Creating fertile soil for learning interactions". Besides that, the highly interdisciplinary ITS conferences bring together researchers in computer science, learning sciences, cognitive and educational psychology, sociology, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, machine learning and linguistics. The papers are organized in topical sections on affect; multimodality and metacognition; collaborative learning; data mining and student behavior; dialogue and discourse; generating hints, scaffolds and questions; game-based learning and simulation; graphical representations and learning; student strategies and problem solving; scaling ITS and assessment.

DC-2002 marks the tenth in the ongoing series of International Dublin Core Workshops, and the second that includes a full program of tutorials and peer-reviewed conference papers. Interest in Dublin Core metadata has grown from a small collection of pioneering projects to adoption by governments and international organizations worldwide. The greatest challenge of the current phase of metadata development is bringing together the diversity of local conventions, domain specific requirements, and different encoding conventions such taht cross-domain interoperability can be achieved.

Ontologies are increasingly recognized as essential tools in information science. Although the concepts are well understood theoretically , the practical implementation of ontologies remains challenging. In this book, researchers in computer science, information systems, ontology engineering, urban planning and design, civil and building engineering, and architecture present an interdisciplinary study of ontology engineering and its application in urban development projects. The first part of the book introduces the general notion of ontology, describing variations in abstraction level, coverage, and formality. It also discusses the use of ontologies to achieve interoperability, and to represent multiple points of view and multilingualism. This is illustrated with examples from the urban domain. The second part is specific to urban development. It covers spatial and geographical knowledge representation, the creation of urban ontologies from various knowledge sources, the interconnection of urban models and the interaction between standards and domain models. The third part presents case studies of the development of ontologies for urban mobility, urban morphological processes, road systems, and cultural heritage. Other cases report on the use of ontologies to solve urban development problems, in construction business models, building regulations and urban regeneration. It concludes with a discussion of key challenges for the future deployment of ontologies in this domain. This book bridges the gap between urban practitioners and computer scientists. As the essence of most urban projects lies in making connections between worldviews, ontology development has an important role to play, in promoting interoperability between data sources, both formal (urban databases, Building Integrated Models, Geographical Information Systems etc.) and less formal (thesauri, text records, web sources etc.). This volume offers a comprehensive introduction to ontology engineering for urban development. It is essential reading for practitioners and ontology designers working in urban development.