Smart materials are used to develop more cost-effective and high-performance water treatment systems as well as instant and continuous ways to monitor water quality. Smart materials in water research have been extensively utilized for the treatment, remediation, and pollution prevention. Smart materials can maintain the long term water quality, availability and viability of water resource. Thus, water via smart materials can be reused, recycled, desalinized and also it can detect the biological and chemical contamination whether the source is from municipal, industrial or man-made waste. The 15 state-of-the-art review chapters contained in this book cover the recent advancements in the area of waste water, as well as the prospects about the future research and development of smart materials for the waste water applications in the municipal, industrial and manmade waste areas. Treatment techniques (nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, adsorption and nano-reactive membranes) are also covered in-depth. The chapters are divided into three groups: The first section includes the various carbon nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes, mixed oxides) with a focus on use of carbon at nanoscale applied for waste water research. The second section focuses on synthetic nanomaterials for pollutants removal. The third section highlights the bio-polymeric nanomaterials where the authors have used the natural polymers matrices in a composite and nanocomposite material for waste treatment. The large number of researchers working in the area will benefit from the fundamental concepts, advanced approaches and application of the various smart materials towards waste water treatment that are described in the book. It will also provide a platform for the researchers and graduate students to carry out advanced research and understand the building blocks.

The development, processing, and applications of smart materials presents many challenges, including performance correlations to the nature of their reinforcement and the sustainability of such materials through their recyclability, durability, and reparability. Experts have identified the challenge of achieving sustainable development and in this book highlight how smart materials can provide a solution to the problem. It emphasizes the multidisciplinary nature of smart materials and their potential for enhancing product functionalities and capabilities in different sectors, including the biomedical, pharmaceutical, aerospace, construction, automotive, and food industries. Modeling, Characterization, and Processing of Smart Materials proposes a comprehensive guide to addressing the challenges associated with smart materials, including the need for optimization and sustainability, and provides various nature-inspired algorithms, computational and simulation approaches, and artificial intelligence-based strategies for developing innovative smart materials. It also presents potential solutions for the limitations of smart materials and emphasizes the role of Industry 4.0 in maintaining their sustainability. Overall, this book offers a valuable problem-solution perspective on the development and applications of smart materials, making it an essential reference guide for academic researchers and industrial engineers in the fields of material science, chemical engineering, and environmental engineering.

In this book, we have summarized recent progresses due to novel nanomaterials for sustainable water resources. Book provides a summary of the state of the art knowledge to scientists, engineers and policy makers, about recent developments due to nanotechnology for sustainable water resources arena. The advances in sustainable water resources technologies in the context of modern society’s interests will be considered preferably which allow to identify grand challenges and directions for future research. The book contributors have been selected from all over the world and the essential functions of the nanotechnologies have presented rather than their anticipated applications. Moreover, up to date knowledge on economy, toxicity and regulation related to nanotechnology are presented in detail. In the end, role of nanotechnology for green and sustainable future has also been briefly debated.

This book provides an overview of recent advances in technologies for water treatment processes, such as green technology, nano-adsorbents, photocatalysts, advanced oxidation, membranes separation and sustainable technologies. Advances in membrane technology and fabrication process is presented in detail. Latest approaches like microbial treatment, electro chemical and solar energy-based treatment techniques were presented. Also, the use of sustainable and energy efficient approaches were discussed.· The book presents the negative impact of inorganic and organic pollutants on the natural environment and human health. It describes and discussing the advanced membrane technologies, novel green adsorbents, microbial treatment techniques, electro chemical and solar based removal techniques It also compares the most effective methods of removing toxic contaminants from water solutions with the use of sustainable and energy efficient approaches It also presents the life cycle assessment of emerging technologies in industrial wastewater treatment and desalination as well as presents the benchmarking of energy efficiency during treatment process

Advanced Materials and Technologies for Wastewater Treatment discusses the methods and technologies of physical, chemical, biological, and thermo-catalytic treatment techniques. It includes the treatment of waste generated by municipal, agro-industry, and other industries including chemical, biomedical, pharmaceutical, textile, and other sectors. FEATURES Covers implementation of advanced water and wastewater treatment techniques, with a focus on pollutant or pathogen removal Includes qualitative and quantitative analyses Focuses on physical, chemical, and biological treatment technologies Discusses the advancements of materials and technologies applicable to both potable water and wastewater from industrial and municipal sources Explores future challenges and viable solutions This book is aimed at chemical and environmental engineers and researchers seeking a thorough treatment of innovative water treatment materials and techniques for practical applications.

Smart nanomaterials are making their presence ever so noticeable in areas like environmental protection and remediation, as well as in many other fields of study. The international team of expert researchers behind Smart Nanomaterials for Environmental Applications aims to spotlight the latest, rapid developments in the design and manipulation of materials at the nanoscale and to concisely present information regarding their novel methods of utilization for the safeguard of the environment, while at the same time apprising readers of challenges encountered and anticipated prospects. The volume illustrates state-of-the-art, actionable content, which is relevant and extremely valuable for those who want to apply this up-to-date knowledge in industry too. - Offers fundamentals of smart nanomaterials, including characterization, design, and fabrication methods - Includes advanced information on fine-tuning different morphologies of smart nanomaterials - Features three case studies on real-life applications of smart nanomaterials

Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science: Natural Materials-Based Green Composites 2: Biomass deals with using biomass in the preparation of green composites and focuses on biomass from agro-industrial waste, geopolymers, natural gums, plants, green algae, etc. The book covers applications in allied areas such as energy and environment that process fuels and chemicals, wastewater treatment, coatings and catalysis. The book deals with a broad range of material types, including natural fiber reinforced polymer composites, particulate composites, fiberboard, wood fiber composites, and plywood composites that utilize natural, renewable, and biodegradable agricultural biomass.The book complements Natural Materials-based Green Composites 1: Plant Fibers that includes introductory information and various innovative applications of most important plant fiber-based materials such as wood fibers, vegetable fibers, jute fibers, stalk fibers, and hemp fibers. - Focuses on the use of biomass for the preparation of green composites - Discusses details about biomass from natural and industrial waste - Provides an overview of the applicability of green composites

Bio-based Nanomaterials: Synthesis Protocols, Mechanisms and Applications summarizes recent developments in biocompatible and biodegradable materials, including their properties, fabrication methods, synthesis protocols and applications. The extensive use of petrochemicals, rising levels of plastic waste and manufacturing of non-biodegradable materials is a major environmental problem across the globe. Bio-based nanomaterials offer potential alternatives to address these challenging issues. The book covers key bio-based nanomaterials - including chitin, starch and nanocellulose – detailing their core properties, associated fabrication methods and synthesis protocols. Later chapters look at the range of applications for bio-based nanomaterials, from food and agriculture to environmental and biomedical. This book offers a detailed reference for those interested in sustainable nanoscale materials, including materials scientists, biomedical engineers, environmental scientists, food and agriculture manufacturers and scientists. - Covers a range of available bio-based nanomaterials, including chitin, starch and nanocellulose - Details the properties and characteristics of each bio-based nanomaterial, focusing on biocompatibility and biodegradability of sustainable materials - Reviews the fabrication methods and synthesis protocols available, discussing the pros and cons of each

Smart materials are used to develop more cost-effective and high-performance water treatment systems as well as instant and continuous ways to monitor water quality. Smart materials in water research have been extensively utilized for the treatment, remediation, and pollution prevention. Smart materials can maintain the long term water quality, availability and viability of water resource. Thus, water via smart materials can be reused, recycled, desalinized and also it can detect the biological and chemical contamination whether the source is from municipal, industrial or man-made waste. The 15 state-of-the-art review chapters contained in this book cover the recent advancements in the area of waste water, as well as the prospects about the future research and development of smart materials for the waste water applications in the municipal, industrial and manmade waste areas. Treatment techniques (nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, adsorption and nano-reactive membranes) are also covered in-depth. The chapters are divided into three groups: The first section includes the various carbon nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes, mixed oxides) with a focus on use of carbon at nanoscale applied for waste water research. The second section focuses on synthetic nanomaterials for pollutants removal. The third section highlights the bio-polymeric nanomaterials where the authors have used the natural polymers matrices in a composite and nanocomposite material for waste treatment. The large number of researchers working in the area will benefit from the fundamental concepts, advanced approaches and application of the various smart materials towards waste water treatment that are described in the book. It will also provide a platform for the researchers and graduate students to carry out advanced research and understand the building blocks.

The ion-exchange process is a natural phenomenon and mankind has been using this technique since the early days of civilisation. With the progress of technologies and concepts, we got a better understanding of this technique and increased its application horizon. Like in other research areas, nanotechnology has also penetrated heavily into this field, and has helped develop smart materials with better properties for application in adsorption and ion-exchange chromatography. A large amount of research was carried out in this field in the last few decades, showing the importance of these materials and technologies. Water treatment is receiving great attention worldwide, due to the increasing demand of drinking water and hence the need to recycle polluted water sources. Keeping this importance in mind, this book “Applications of Adsorption and Ion Exchange Chromatography in Waste Water Treatment” has been edited with contributions from well know experts in the field, who have been working on different ion-exchange materials and technologies for many years.