The book focuses on the different aspects of sensing technology, i.e. high reliability, adaptability, recalibration, information processing, data fusion, validation and integration of novel and high performance sensors specifically aims to monitor agricultural and environmental parameters. This book is dedicated to Sensing systems for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring offers to variety of users, namely, Master and PhD degree students, researchers, practitioners, especially Agriculture and Environmental engineers. The book will provide an opportunity of a dedicated and a deep approach in order to improve their knowledge in this specific field.

In recent years, the role of information and communications technologies in the development of agriculture and environmental issues has received significant attention in different types of international forums. With new technologies constantly developing, there is a need for research dedicated to technological progress. Innovations and Trends in Environmental and Agricultural Informatics provides emerging research on the design, development, and implementation of complex agricultural and environmental information systems, addressing the integration of several scientific domains including agronomy, mathematics, economics, and computer science. While highlighting topics such as image quality assessment, environmental policy, and supervised classification, this publication explores the applications and progress of various technologies within agricultural and environmental professions. This book is an important resource for researchers, professionals, academics, students, and scientists seeking current research on the rapidly evolving field of technology integration in agricultural production and environmental issues.

Nitrate Handbook: Environmental, Agricultural, and Health Effects provides an overview of the entire nitrate cycle and the processes influencing nitrate transformation. It clearly identifies the role of nitrate as an essential nutrient in plant growth, food preservation, and human health. Using the most up-to-date knowledge and research, this handbook illustrates how the steadily increasing human population and demand for food, which results in higher amounts of nitrate needed by soils, makes new regulations on the management and usage of nitrates a high priority. A detailed explanation concerning the discrepancies between the public’s perception of nitrate’s harm versus the reality of its human health benefits is given via a balanced and evidence-based approach. All questions pertaining to the influences of nitrate and its derivatives on plant physiology and human health are explored in depth. This comprehensive resource with contributions from distinguished researches in the field is a must-have for professionals and students who study and work with nitrates. Features: Includes in depth discussion on the wide spectrum of nitrate present in the environment. Focuses on the progress made on nitrate research and its importance. Answers all questions about nitrate and its derivatives’ influences on plant physiology and human health. Enables decision makers and public authorities to manage social concerns Compiles in one resource the findings of many distinguished researchers in the field.

Discover the essential guide to harnessing the power of cutting-edge smart sensors in Industry 4.0, offering deep insights into fundamentals, fabrication techniques, and real-world IIoT applications, equipping you with the knowledge to revolutionize your industrial processes and stay ahead in the digital era. Over the last decade, technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, cloud computing, blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, device automation, smart sensors, etc., have become highly developed fundamental supports of Industry 4.0, replacing the conventional production systems with advanced methods, and thereby endorsing the smart industry vision. Industry 4.0 is more flexible and agile in dealing with several risk factors, further enabling improved productivity and efficiency, distribution, increased profitability, data integrity, and enhancing customer experience in the current commercial environment. For understanding and analyzing the environment, sensors play a major role in performing the measurements based on computation-produced results from the surrounding environment. Sensors have a wide range of applications for smart industrial operations. The evolution of flexible, low-cost, and multipurpose sensors and their system integration has been examined to develop advanced devices with applications in numerous fields of technology. With the development of both the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Industrial IoT (IIoT), advanced sensors and their associated applications are developing, resulting in the necessity for IoT sensors to be used for several industrial applications. Beneficial aspects of this book include: The latest research in materials and methodology for the fabrication of intelligent sensors, its IoT system integration, and IIoT applications are brought together; Promotes a vision towards making sensor-based monitoring and control of smart industry; Recent advances and challenges of smart sensors are discussed with an emphasis on unmet challenges and future directions of a roadmap to Industry 4.0. Audience This book is highly recommended to a wide range of researchers and industry engineers working in the area of fabrication and integration of industrial smart sensors for IIoT applications, advanced materials for sensor technology, fabrication and characterization of IoT sensors, development of low-cost sensors, sensor system design and integration, and its industrial applications. Post-graduate students from different streams like computer science, electronics and electrical engineering, information technology, electronic communication, etc. will benefit from reading this book.

Digital agriculture is an emerging concept of modern farming that refers to managing farms using modern Engineering, Information and Communication Technologies (EICT) aiming at increasing the overall efficiency of agricultural production, improving the quantity and quality of products, and optimizing the human labor required and natural resource consumption in operations. This encyclopedia is designed to collect the summaries of knowledge on as many as subjects or aspects relevant to ECIT for digital agriculture, present such knowledge in entries, and arrange them alphabetically by articles titles. Springer Major Reference Works platform offers Live Update capability. Our reference work takes full advantage of this feature, which allows for continuous improvement or revision of published content electronically. The Editorial Board Dr. Irwin R. Donis-Gonzalez, University of California Davis, Dept. Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Davis, USA (Section: Postharvest Technologies) Prof. Paul Heinemann, Pennsylvania State University, Department Head of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, PA, USA (Section: Technologies for Crop Production) Prof. Manoj Karkee, Washington State University, Center for Precision and Automated Agricultural Systems, Washington, USA (Section: Robotics and Automation Technologies) Prof. Minzan Li, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China (Section: Precision Agricultural Technologies) Prof. Dikai Liu, University of Technology Sydney (UTS),Faculty of Engineering & Information Technologies, Broadway NSW, Australia (Section: AI, Information and Communication Technologies) Prof. Tomas Norton, University of Leuven, Dept. of Biosystems, Heverlee Leuven, Belgium (Section: Technologies for Animal and Aquatic Production) Dr. Manuela Zude-Sasse, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Precision Horticulture, Potsdam, Germany (Section: Engineering and Mechanization Technologies)

This volume collects and presents the fundamentals, tools, and processes of utilizing geospatial information technologies to process remotely sensed data for use in agricultural monitoring and management. The issues related to handling digital agro-geoinformation, such as collecting (including field visits and remote sensing), processing, storing, archiving, preservation, retrieving, transmitting, accessing, visualization, analyzing, synthesizing, presenting, and disseminating agro-geoinformation have never before been systematically documented in one volume. The book is edited by International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics organizers Dr. Liping Di (George Mason University), who coined the term “Agro-Geoinformatics” in 2012, and Dr. Berk Üstündağ (Istanbul Technical University) and are uniquely positioned to curate and edit this foundational text. The book is composed of eighteen chapters that can each stand alone but also build on each other to give the reader a comprehensive understanding of agro-geoinformatics and what the tools and processes that compose the field can accomplish. Topics covered include land parcel identification, image processing in agricultural observation systems, databasing and managing agricultural data, crop status monitoring, moisture and evapotranspiration assessment, flood damage monitoring, agricultural decision support systems and more.

The scientific theme of the book concerns “Manufacturing as a Service (MaaS)” which is developed in a layered cloud networked manufacturing perspective, from the shop floor resource sharing model to the virtual enterprise collaborative model, by distributing the cost of the manufacturing infrastructure - equipment, software, maintenance, networking - across all customers. MaaS is approached in terms of new models of service-oriented, knowledge-based manufacturing systems optimized and reality-aware, that deliver value to customer and manufacturer via Big data analytics, Internet of Things communications, Machine learning and Digital twins embedded in Cyber-Physical System frameworks. From product design to after-sales services, MaaS relies on the servitization of manufacturing operations such as: Design as a Service, Predict as a Service or Maintain as a service. The general scope of the book is to foster innovation in smart and sustainable manufacturing and logistics systems and in this context to promote concepts, methods and solutions for the digital transformation of manufacturing through service orientation in holonic and agent-based control with distributed intelligence. The book’s readership is comprised by researchers and engineers working in the manufacturing value chain area who develop and use digital control solutions in the ‘Industry of the Future’ vision. The book also addresses to master and Ph.D. students enrolled in Engineering Sciences programs.

Artificial Intelligence is vital to the evolution of agriculture into a smart industry. The objective of this book is to inform readers about how artificial intelligence is improving agriculture by exploring its applications. The book addresses several aspects of artificial intelligence applications in smart agriculture including, pest control, disease identification, weed detection, and security. Chapters are contributed by experts in agriculture, computer science and biotechnology Key Themes: Advanced machine learning techniques for pest control and disease identification Automated recognition and classification of plant diseases, focusing on tomatoes and pearl millet Integration of artificial intelligence for solar-powered robots to identify weeds and damages in vegetables Development of field prevention systems to deter wild animals in farming areas Utilization of machine learning for weather forecasting to facilitate smart agriculture practices Intelligent crop planning and precision farming through AI applications Integration of artificial intelligence and drones to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in smart farming operations Other features of the book include a list of references and simple summaries in each chapter to distil the information for readers. The book is a primary reference material for courses on automation in agriculture. It can also serve as a handbook for anyone interested in advances in farming.

This book presents Proceedings of the 2021 Intelligent Systems Conference which is a remarkable collection of chapters covering a wider range of topics in areas of intelligent systems and artificial intelligence and their applications to the real world. The conference attracted a total of 496 submissions from many academic pioneering researchers, scientists, industrial engineers, and students from all around the world. These submissions underwent a double-blind peer-review process. Of the total submissions, 180 submissions have been selected to be included in these proceedings. As we witness exponential growth of computational intelligence in several directions and use of intelligent systems in everyday applications, this book is an ideal resource for reporting latest innovations and future of AI. The chapters include theory and application on all aspects of artificial intelligence, from classical to intelligent scope. We hope that readers find the book interesting and valuable; it provides the state-of-the-art intelligent methods and techniques for solving real-world problems along with a vision of the future research.