This Special Issue presents an in-depth analysis of transport research commissioned by the UK Department for International Development under the High Volume Transport Programme (2017-2023). The analysis done in the period 2018-2019 contributes to the UK response to improving transport in the low-income countries in Africa and South Asia. As a result, key priorities have been identified for applied research in 2020 to make road, rail and urban transport more efficient and affordable, and all transport greener, safer and more inclusive for all users. This applied research is a vital link in making transport a sustainable lifeline for people in low-income countries, because transport gives farmers and manufacturers access to domestic and international markets and people in rural and urban areas access to schools and health services.

Against the background of continuing crises in the world’s economy, the question of what future awaits it in the third decade of the 21st century has become urgent. According to the paradigm model of long waves, the next global economic crisis is expected to transpire somewhere around 2030. This book defines the basic conditions for the development of the modern global economy, analyzing future scenarios for its long-term development, and providing applied recommendations for the practical implementation of the optimal scenario. The book first explores the conceptual vision of the future and the priorities for the strategic development of the global economic system until 2030. It then formulates the requirements for entrepreneurship to achieve the priorities of the strategic development of the global economic system including long-term industry solutions for entrepreneurship and markets. Third, it outlines the guidelines for state regulation of the global economic system in the interest of achieving the priorities of its strategic development in the period up to 2030.

The journal of the OECD Development Assistance Committee. This issue includes Development Co-operation Reviews of The United Kingdom and Germany as well as the DAC Joint Assessment of the Aid Programmes of Germany, The Netherlands and The UK in Mozambique and an article on Poverty-Enviro-Gender.

Automation has been shaping world agriculture since the early twentieth century. Motorized mechanization has brought significant benefits in terms of improved productivity, reduced drudgery and more efficient allocation of labour, but also some negative environmental impacts. More recently, a new generation of digital agricultural automation technologies has appeared, with the potential to further enhance productivity, as well as resilience, while also addressing the environmental sustainability challenges driven by past mechanization. The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 looks into the drivers of agricultural automation, including the more recent digital technologies. Based on 27 case studies, the report analyses the business case for adoption of digital automation technologies in different agricultural production systems across the world. It identifies several barriers preventing inclusive adoption of these technologies, particularly by small-scale producers. Key barriers are low digital literacy and lack of an enabling infrastructure, such as connectivity and access to electricity, in addition to financial constraints. Based on the analysis, the publication suggests policies to ensure that disadvantaged groups in developing regions can benefit from agricultural automation and that automation contributes to sustainable and resilient agrifood systems.

This report reviews the main bottlenecks to boost inclusive development and well-being in Peru. These include education and skills, the labour market, innovation, transport infrastructure and logistics, governance and trust in institutions.

Fully indexed, the 1992 edition of the Yearbook is the single most current, comprehensive and authoritative reference publication about the work of the United Nations, other international organizations and related bodies. The book is designed not just for use by diplomats, officials and scholars but also by other researchers, writers, journalists, teachers and students. The year 1992 was a remarkably eventful one for the United Nations and in the conduct of international relations. This volume of the Yearbook details the activities of the United Nations, its many organs, agencies and programmes, working together to rekindle a new form of multilateral cooperation for a better world. It records the diverse and globe-encompassing activities of the United Nations and its enduring efforts to deal with the world's pressing concerns, particularly matters of international peace and security, disarmament, human rights, the settlement of regional conflicts, economic and social development, the preservation of the environment, control of drugs and narcotic substance abuse, crime prevention, adequate shelter, youth and the ageing and humanitarian assistance for refugees as well as disaster relief. The Yearbooks for the years 1988, 1989 and 1990 are expected to be published within the next two years.

This book presents a comprehensive collection of recent research on the timely topic of sustainable development goals, with a focus on developing countries. In this manner, it furnishes interdisciplinary coverage in terms of sustainable development; it sets forth the pillars of sustainability (environmental, technical and technological, social, institutional, and economic disciplines); and it explores the adaption of these pillars for long-term sustainability. With its survey of transboundary research, experiences, and lessons learned, the book offers integrated conceptual and empirical contributions from diverse interrelated fields. Viable options are set forth for societies in transition in the twenty-first century to achieve well-being in the lives of their people through the eradication of poverty, mitigation of climate change, promotion of lifelong learning opportunities, and empowerment of society. These options also make it possible to deploy affordable energy, sustain economic growth, offer innovation, reduce inequality, and finally, to help ensure global sustainability.

In India, vehicle emission standards were implemented in 1991 for gasoline vehicles and in 1992 for diesel vehicles. Since 2000, Euro standards have been followed in India under the name Bharat Stage Emission Standards for four-wheeled vehicles. Since October 2010, Bharat Stage III norms have been implemented throughout India. Bharat Stage IV norms have been in effect in a few cities since April 2010. Bharat Stage IV is expected to be implemented throughout India by April 2017. It is already in use in 13 major cities. Upgrading the emission standards necessitates the upgrading of manufacturing companies' technology, which raises the cost of the vehicle. One of the main reasons for the slow upgrade of emission standards is cost. However, there are some who argue that the cost increase is offset by cost savings in health care because the pollutants that cause disease are reduced as emission standards are raised. Fuels are also important in meeting these emission standards. Fuel specifications have also been aligned with the corresponding European production norms.

Economic growth across countries during the last 30 years or so has displayed 'dual' divergence between developed and developing countries, and among developing countries. The structural transformation has been either slow or of an anomalous nature. The study addresses these and suggests how they can catch-up with developed world.