An equally important objective of the workshop is to focus on critical materials needs of the U.S. Steel Industry. The emphasis here is on future steels and to seek out the viewpoints of a panel of steel users on properties of steels needed to meet the challenges of future applications. Then, based on this information assess, to some degree, the potential technological trends in critical materials required for these steels. Steel mill production controls and recovery of strategic metals in processing have an impact on the costs of special alloy steels, and developments in these areas are being considered in the workshop program. Chromium continues to appear more critical than the other strategic metals. Unless we develop alternative materials technologies, a cutoff of oil supply and chromium supply would attack this country on two fronts. Aside from the fact that without chromium we cannot make an efficient durable gas turbine engine, the metal has many important industrial applications: oil refineries, petro-chemicals, conventional and nuclear power plants, tanker trucks, industrial machinery, transportation, and all stainless steels. The overall theme of the presentations in the workshop is that technology is among the most viable options for reducing this country's vulnerability to a cutoff of supply of chromium and other critical metals. Also, an important point of emphasis, is that now is the time to start to develop these technologies for substitution and conservation.