The control of balance by the central nervous system is crucial to maintain our posture and perform efficiently our daily motor tasks. This control requires the development of dynamical phenomena sub-served by highly-coordinated patterns of muscle activation/deactivation disseminated throughout the whole-body and called “postural adjustments”. Establishing the interaction between balance control, locomotion and cognition has important clinical implication, especially in term of falls prevention, and will improve our knowledge on the underlying neural correlates. This Research Topic provides an up-to-date picture of the relationship between postural adjustments, body balance and motor performance in healthy (young and older adults) and pathological participants. It includes 36 contributions (1 editorial, 28 original articles, 4 reviews and 3 methods articles) which are separated into four sections: 1. Postural maintenance and multisensory integration, 2. Anticipatory postural adjustments associated with voluntary movement, 3. Postural adjustments associated with predictable and unpredictable external perturbation, 4. Gait assessment and rehabilitation in aging. Beside their basic interest of unveiling the mechanisms behind motor control, results from the investigations of this topic are relevant to develop new methods or tools to improve postural stability and motor performance, with applications in the fields of neurodegenerative conditions, rehabilitation, ergonomics and sports sciences.

Neuroergonomics: The Brain at Work and in Everyday Life details the methodologies that are useful for keeping an ideal human-machine system up-to-date, along with information on how to prevent potential overload and minimize errors. It discusses neural measures and the proper methods and technologies to maximize performance, thus providing a resource for neuroscientists who want to learn more about the technologies and real-time tools that can help them assess cognitive and motivational states of human operators and close the loop for advanced human-machine interaction. With the advent of new and improved tools that allow monitoring of brain activity in the field and better identification of neurophysiological markers that can index impending overload or fatigue, this book is a timely resource on the topic. - Includes neurobiological models to better understand risky decision-making and cognitive countermeasures, augmented cognition, and brain stimulations to enhance performance and mitigate human error - Features innovative methodologies and protocols using psychophysiological measurements and brain imaging techniques in realistic operational settings - Discusses numerous topics, including cognitive performance in psychological and neurological disorders, brain computer interfaces (BCI), and human performance monitoring in ecological conditions, virtual reality, and serious gaming

Progress in Motor Control, Volume Two, features 12 chapters by internationally known researchers in the field of motor control. Comprehensive and up to date, the reference reflects the spirit of the great Nikolai Bernstein, one of the founders of the area now defined as motor control and a significant contributor to the structure-function controversy. Progress in Motor Control, Volume Two, preserves many of the features that made the first volume a state-of-the-art reference and presents these new features: -A reader-friendly design -More than 170 figures to illustrate the scientific ideas expressed -Many up-to-date references to help readers find the most current research in the field Less theoretical than the first volume, this book provides readers with valuable information on these subjects: -The direct relations of the motor function to neurophysiological and/or biomechanical structures -The role of the motor cortex and other brain structures in motor control and motor learning -The multidimensional and temporal regulation of limb mechanics by spinal circuits In this unique forum, prominent motor control scientists contribute varying viewpoints on different aspects of structure-function relations. These prominent scholars include scientists from the former Soviet Union who either knew Bernstein personally or worked closely with his students, biomechanists and neurophysiologists who focus on the role of particular body structures in the movement of production, and clinicians who analyze changes in movements with children and adults with neurological disorders. The book also gives an overview of the disagreement between Ivan Pavlov and Nikolai Bernstein, which is one of the most fascinating and controversial disagreements in the history of contemporary neurophysiology. Whether you're a researcher, or graduate or postdoctoral student, Progress in Motor Control, Volume Two, thoroughly summarizes the latest motor control issues, research, and theories, and it identifies problems in need of investigation.

The Frontiers Research Topic entitled "Neuromuscular Training and Adaptations in Youth Athletes" contains one editorial and 22 articles in the form of original work, narrative and systematic reviews and meta-analyses. From a performance and health-related standpoint, neuromuscular training stimulates young athletes' physical development and it builds a strong foundation for later success as an elite athlete. The 22 articles provide current scientific knowledge on the effectiveness of neuromuscular training in young athletes.