'If religion generated everything that is essential in society, this is because the idea of society is the soul of religion.' In The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1912), Émile Durkheim set himself the task of discovering the enduring source of human social identity. He investigated what he considered to be the simplest form of documented religion - totemism among the Aborigines of Australia. Aboriginal religion was an avenue 'to yield an understanding of the religious nature of man, by showing us an essential and permanent aspect of humanity'. The need and capacity of men and women to relate socially lies at the heart of Durkheim's exploration, in which religion embodies the beliefs that shape our moral universe. The Elementary Forms has been applauded and debated by sociologists, anthropologists, ethnographers, philosophers, and theologians, and continues to speak to new generations about the origin and nature of religion and society. This new, lightly abridged edition provides an excellent introduction to Durkheim's ideas. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.

A founder of modern sociology examines animism, naturism, totemism, myth, and ritual in this 1912 classic, which traces the source of religion and morality to a collective consciousness.

"The Elementary Forms of Religious Life" is a book that analyzes religion as a social phenomenon. The author, the French sociologist Émile Durkheim, attributes the development of religion to the emotional security attained through communal living. He drives his conclusions from the study of totemic societies in Australia, which led him to a conclusion that the animal or plant that each clan worshipped as a sacred power was, in fact, that society itself.

This is the first collection of essays to be published on Durkheim's masterpiece The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. It represents the work of the most important international Durkheim scholars from the fields of anthropology, philosophy and sociology. The essays focus on key topics including: * the method Durkheim adopted in his study * the role of ritual and belief in society * the nature of contemporary religion The contributors also explore cutting-edge debates about the notion of the soul and collective rituals.

This book, first published in 1984, examines the whole range of new religious movements which appeared in the 1960s and 1970s in the West. It develops a wide-ranging theory of these new religions which explains many of their major characteristics. Some of the movements are well-known, such as Scientology, Krishna Consciousness, and the Unification Church. Others such as the Process, Meher Baba, and 3-HO are much less known. While some became international, others remained local; in other ways, too, such as style, belief, organisation, they exhibit enormous diversity. The movements studied here are classified under three ideal types, world-rejecting, world-affirming and world-accommodating, and from here the author develops a theory of the origins, recruitment base, characteristics, and development patterns which they display. The book offers a critical exploration of the theories of the new religions and analyses the highly contentious issue of whether they reflect the process of secularisation, or whether they are a countervailing trend marking the resurgence of religion in the West.

The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life By Emile Durkheim, Joseph Ward Swain (Translated by)

In their efforts to define the boundaries of a new discipline, the founders of modern sociology - Durkheim, Simmel, and Weber - left a rich legacy of theoretical insights. But, with the exception of Weber's Verstehen (interpretative understanding), standard treatments of classical sociological theory have tended to understate interpretative influences. The founders held different views of the place of alternative interpretations in sociology and of their symbolic and epistemological implications for a subject matter. For Weber, collective concepts failed to meet the standards of a unit of analysis for sociology. Durkheim and Simmel's approach to sociology's subject matter emphasized not the study of individuals or objects, but the social construction of what they meant and how they were experienced. Armed with the conceptual distinction drawn in phenomenological sociology between appearing things - things in the raw, life's content - and their appearances, ...