Covers all aspects of this topic, detailing surgical techniques and practices, medical conditions, social controversies, and the history of cosmetic and plastic surgery.

Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty dedicated to the reconstruction of facial and body defects due to birth disorders, trauma, burns, and disease. The most common plastic surgery procedures include tumor removal, scar revision, hand surgery, and breast reduction, while the most popular cosmetic surgeries are Botox®, breast augmentation, chemical peel, dermabrasion, liposuction, and rhinoplasty. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, more than 17.7 million surgical and minimally invasive cosmetic procedures were performed in the United States in 2018 alone, and the number of surgeries is rising steadily each year. In more than 800 entries, The Encyclopedia of Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Second Edition provides sound information on cosmetic and plastic surgery for students and professionals alike. This comprehensive reference covers all aspects of this popular topic, detailing surgical techniques and practices, medical conditions, social controversies, and the history of cosmetic and plastic surgery, plus it includes a list of websites for plastic surgery resources. Entries cover: Aging and cosmetic surgery Biographies of current and historical figures in the field of cosmetic surgery Body organs and systems involved in and affected by plastic surgery Diseases and disorders treatable with plastic surgery Drugs, chemicals, and tools used in plastic surgery Historical advances in plastic surgery Nonsurgical alternatives to cosmetic and plastic surgery Plastic surgery procedures, techniques, and practices Popular cosmetic surgeries—from Botox injections and face-lifts to breast implants and liposuction and more.

The Encyclopedia of Adolescence breaks new ground as an important central resource for the study of adolescence. Comprehensive in breath and textbook in depth, the Encyclopedia of Adolescence – with entries presented in easy-to-access A to Z format – serves as a reference repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new knowledge long before such information trickles down from research to standard textbooks. By making full use of Springer’s print and online flexibility, the Encyclopedia is at the forefront of efforts to advance the field by pushing and creating new boundaries and areas of study that further our understanding of adolescents and their place in society. Substantively, the Encyclopedia draws from four major areas of research relating to adolescence. The first broad area includes research relating to "Self, Identity and Development in Adolescence". This area covers research relating to identity, from early adolescence through emerging adulthood; basic aspects of development (e.g., biological, cognitive, social); and foundational developmental theories. In addition, this area focuses on various types of identity: gender, sexual, civic, moral, political, racial, spiritual, religious, and so forth. The second broad area centers on "Adolescents’ Social and Personal Relationships". This area of research examines the nature and influence of a variety of important relationships, including family, peer, friends, sexual and romantic as well as significant nonparental adults. The third area examines "Adolescents in Social Institutions". This area of research centers on the influence and nature of important institutions that serve as the socializing contexts for adolescents. These major institutions include schools, religious groups, justice systems, medical fields, cultural contexts, media, legal systems, economic structures, and youth organizations. "Adolescent Mental Health" constitutes the last major area of research. This broad area of research focuses on the wide variety of human thoughts, actions, and behaviors relating to mental health, from psychopathology to thriving. Major topic examples include deviance, violence, crime, pathology (DSM), normalcy, risk, victimization, disabilities, flow, and positive youth development.

For a full list of entries and contributors, sample entries, and more, visit the Routledge International Encyclopedia of Women website. Featuring comprehensive global coverage of women's issues and concerns, from violence and sexuality to feminist theory, the Routledge International Encyclopedia of Women brings the field into the new millennium. In over 900 signed A-Z entries from US and Europe, Asia, the Americas, Oceania, and the Middle East, the women who pioneered the field from its inception collaborate with the new scholars who are shaping the future of women's studies to create the new standard work for anyone who needs information on women-related subjects.

This is a revealing compilation of essays on the latest research and debates on Asian Americans, a growing and influential ethnic group today. Encyclopedia of Asian American Issues Today is the first major reference work focused on the full expanse of contemporary Asian American experiences in the United States. Drawing on over two decades of research, it takes an unprecedented look at the major issues confronting the Asian American community as a whole, and the specific ethnic identities within that community—from established groups such as Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Americans to newer groups such as Cambodian and Hmong Americans. Across two volumes, Encyclopedia of Asian American Issues Today offers 110 entries on the current state of affairs, controversies, successes, and outlooks for future for Asian Americans. The set is divided into 11 thematic sections including diversity and demographics; education; health; identity; immigrants, refugees, and citizenship; law; media; politics; war; work and economy; youth, family, and the aged. Contributors include leading experts in the fields of Asian American studies, education, public health, political science, law, economics, and psychology.

This scholarly work is the most comprehensive existing resource on human physical appearance—how people’s outer physical characteristics and their inner perceptions and attitudes about their own appearance (body image) affect their lives. The encyclopedia’s 117 full-length chapters are composed and edited by the world’s experts from a range of disciplines—social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. The extensive topical coverage in this valuable reference work includes: (1) Important theories, perspectives, and concepts for understanding body image and appearance; (2) Scientific measurement of body image and physical attributes (anthropometry); (3) The development and determinants of human appearance and body image over the lifespan: (4) How culture and society influences the meanings of human appearance; (5) The psychosocial effects of appearance-altering disease, damage, and visible differences; (6) Appearance self-change and self-management; (7) The prevention and treatment of body image problems, including psychosocial and medical interventions. Chapters are written in a manner that is accessible and informative to a wide audience, including the educated public, college and graduate students, and scientists and clinical practitioners. Each well-organized chapter provides a glossary of definitions of any technical terms and a Further Reading section of recommended sources for continued learning about the topic. Available online via ScienceDirect or in a limited-release print version. The Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance is a unique reference for a growing area of scientific inquiry It brings together in one source the research from experts in a variety of fields examining this psychological and sociological phenomenon The breadth of topics covered, and the current fascination with this subject area ensure this reference will be of interest to researchers and a lay audience alike

Praise for the previous edition: "...continues its tradition as a trustworthy guide...Very useful for professionals and general audiences...recommended..."—Booklist The Encyclopedia of Women’s Health, Sixth Edition covers the full range of women’s health issues in clear, straightforward language. More than 1,100 A-to-Z entries offer up-to-date information on issues specific to women, as well as material on general health issues such as diet, exercise, and disease treatment. Perfect for students and professionals alike, this new resource explains the latest medical discoveries and treatments, providing concise information on health-related topics to enable women to become informed and active medical consumers. New entries include: Cervical cancer vaccine Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Emphysema Fertility monitor Gout Hospitalist HPV Immunization Liver cancer Lung cancer Myositis Preconception care Probiotics Rett syndrome Serotonin poisoning Vertigo and more.

Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine, Volumes 1-4, Second Edition is a pioneering four volume encyclopedia compiled by an international team of forensic specialists who explore the relationship between law, medicine, and science in the study of forensics. This important work includes over three hundred state-of-the-art chapters, with articles covering crime-solving techniques such as autopsies, ballistics, fingerprinting, hair and fiber analysis, and the sophisticated procedures associated with terrorism investigations, forensic chemistry, DNA, and immunoassays. Available online, and in four printed volumes, the encyclopedia is an essential reference for any practitioner in a forensic, medical, healthcare, legal, judicial, or investigative field looking for easily accessible and authoritative overviews on a wide range of topics. Chapters have been arranged in alphabetical order, and are written in a clear-and-concise manner, with definitions provided in the case of obscure terms and information supplemented with pictures, tables, and diagrams. Each topic includes cross-referencing to related articles and case studies where further explanation is required, along with references to external sources for further reading. Brings together all appropriate aspects of forensic medicine and legal medicine Contains color figures, sample forms, and other materials that the reader can adapt for their own practice Also available in an on-line version which provides numerous additional reference and research tools, additional multimedia, and powerful search functions Each topic includes cross-referencing to related articles and case studies where further explanation is required, along with references to external sources for further reading

Rhinoplasty is a plastic surgery procedure for correcting and reconstructing the form, restoring the functions, and aesthetically enhancing the nose by resolving nasal trauma, congenital defect, respiratory impediment, or a failed primary rhinoplasty. This book is a concise guide to rhinoplasty for otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons. Beginning with an overview of nasal anatomy, and instruments and preoperative assessment, the text then describes basic techniques and incisions. The following sections cover different surgical techniques, presenting each in a step by step format, and covering both common and more complex procedures. The final chapter discusses revision rhinoplasty. The text is highly illustrated and includes photographs of cadaver dissections demonstrating nasal anatomy and surgical methods. Key points Concise guide to rhinoplasty for otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons Explains basic nasal anatomy, surgical instruments and techniques Includes section on revision rhinoplasty Features photographs of cadaver dissections demonstrating nasal anatomy and surgical procedures

Ethical issues in modern medicine are of great concern and interest to all physicians and health-care providers throughout the world, as well as to the public at large. Jewish scholars and ethicists have discussed medical ethics throughout Jewish history.