A comprehensive expose of basic and advanced sampling techniques along with their applications in the diverse fields of science and technology.

Sampling theory considers how methods for selection of a subset of units from a finite population (a sample) affect the accuracy of estimates of descriptive population parameters (mean, total, proportion). Although a sound knowledge of sampling theory principles would seem essential for ecologists and natural resource scientists, the subject tends to be somewhat overlooked in contrast to other core statistical topics such as regression analysis, experimental design, and multivariate statistics. This introductory text aims to redress this imbalance by specifically targeting ecologists and resource scientists, and illustrating how sampling theory can be applied in a wide variety of resource contexts. The emphasis throughout is on design-based sampling from finite populations, but some attention is given to model-based prediction and sampling from infinite populations.

This book is a multi-purpose document. It can be used as a text by teachers, as a reference manual by researchers, and as a practical guide by statisticians. It covers 1165 references from different research journals through almost 1900 citations across 1194 pages, a large number of complete proofs of theorems, important results such as corollaries, and 324 unsolved exercises from several research papers. It includes 159 solved, data-based, real life numerical examples in disciplines such as Agriculture, Demography, Social Science, Applied Economics, Engineering, Medicine, and Survey Sampling. These solved examples are very useful for an understanding of the applications of advanced sampling theory in our daily life and in diverse fields of science. An additional 173 unsolved practical problems are given at the end of the chapters. University and college professors may find these useful when assigning exercises to students. Each exercise gives exposure to several complete research papers for researchers/students.

This book aims to provide an overview of some adaptive techniques used in estimating parameters for finite populations where the sampling at any stage depends on the sampling information obtained to date. The sample adapts to new information as it comes in. These methods are especially used for sparse and clustered populations. Written by two acknowledged experts in the field of adaptive sampling.

Explore the classic and cutting-edge quantitative methods for understanding environmental science research Based on the multifaceted 16-volume Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Second Edition, Methods and Applications of Statistics in the Atmospheric and Earth Sciences offers guidance on the application of statistical methods for conducting research in these fields of study. With contributions from more than 100 leading experts in academia and industry, this volume combines key articles from the Encyclopedia with newly developed topics addressing some of the more critical issues, including pollution, droughts, and volcanic activity. Readers will gain a thorough understanding of cutting-edge methods for the acquisition and analysis of data across a wide range of subject areas, from geophysics, geology, and biogeography to meteorology, forestry, agriculture, animal science, and ornithology. The book features new and updated content on quantitative methods and their use in understanding the latest topics in social research, including: Drought Analysis and Forecasting Childhood Obesity Ranked Set Sampling Methodology for Environmental Data Species Richness and Shared Species Richness Geographic Information Systems Each contribution offers authoritative yet easily accessible coverage of statistical concepts. With updated references and discussion of emerging topics, readers are provided with the various statistical methods, techniques, strategies, and applications that are essential for tackling critical issues in environmental science research. Featuring a balance of classical and cutting-edge methodologies, Methods and Applications of Statistics in the Atmospheric and Earth Sciences is an excellent resource for researchers, professionals, and students in the fields of sociology, psychology, philosophy, education, political science, and the related disciplines who would like to learn about the uses of statistics in gathering, reporting, and analyzing data.

An Easy-to-Understand Treatment of Ecological Sampling Methods and Data Analysis Including only the necessary mathematical derivations, Introduction to Ecological Sampling shows how to use sampling procedures for ecological and environmental studies. It incorporates both traditional sampling methods and recent developments in environmental and ecological sampling methods. After an introduction, the book presents standard sampling methods and analyses. Subsequent chapters delve into specialized topics written by well-known researchers. These chapters cover adaptive sampling methods, line transect sampling, removal and change-in-ratio methods, plotless sampling, mark-recapture sampling of closed and open populations, occupancy models, sampling designs for environmental modeling, and trend analysis. The book explains the methods as simply as possible, keeping equations and their derivations to a minimum. It provides references to important, more advanced sampling methods and analyses. It also directs readers to computer programs that can be used to perform the analyses. Accessible to biologists, the text only assumes a basic knowledge of statistical methods. It is suitable for an introductory course on methods for collecting and analyzing ecological and environmental data.

This book is written to serve as a general reference for biologists and resource managers with relatively little statistical training. It focuses on both basic concepts and practical applications to provide professionals with the tools needed to assess monitoring methods that can detect trends in populations. It combines classical finite population sampling designs with population enumeration procedures in a unified approach for obtaining abundance estimates for species of interest. The statistical information is presented in practical, easy-to-understand terminology. - Presented in practical, easy-to-understand terminology - Serves as a general reference for biologists and resource managers - Provides the tools needed to detect trends in populations - Introduces a unified approach for obtaining abundance estimates