In The Second Founding: An Introduction to the Fourteenth Amendment, Ilan Wurman provides an illuminating introduction to the original meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment's famous provisions 'due process of law,' 'equal protection of the laws,' and the 'privileges' or 'immunities' of citizenship. He begins by exploring the antebellum legal meanings of these concepts, starting from Magna Carta, the Statutes of Edward III, and the Petition of Right to William Blackstone and antebellum state court cases. The book then traces how these concepts solved historical problems confronting framers of the Fourteenth Amendment, including the comity rights of free blacks, private violence and the denial of the protection of the laws, and the notorious abridgment of freedmen's rights in the Black Codes. Wurman makes a compelling case that, if the modern originalist Supreme Court interpreted the Amendment in 'the language of the law,' it would lead to surprising and desirable results today.

“Gripping and essential.”—Jesse Wegman, New York Times An authoritative history by the preeminent scholar of the Civil War era, The Second Founding traces the arc of the three foundational Reconstruction amendments from their origins in antebellum activism and adoption amidst intense postwar politics to their virtual nullification by narrow Supreme Court decisions and Jim Crow state laws. Today these amendments remain strong tools for achieving the American ideal of equality, if only we will take them up.

Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Sample Book Insights: #1 The end of American slavery was a process that took decades to complete. It began at the war’s outset when slaves, eager to seize the opportunity presented by the presence of northern armies, began to seek refuge behind Union lines. The Emancipation Proclamation, issued on January 1, 1863, was the crucial step in the process. #2 Lincoln was not an abolitionist, and did not support the immediate end of slavery. He believed that the North must abide by provisions of the Constitution that protected slavery, including the Fugitive Slave Clause, lest the entire edifice fall. #3 A third method of attacking slavery is through military emancipation. During the American Revolution and the War of 1812, thousands of slaves gained their freedom by escaping to British lines. But these events did not destroy slavery, which survived and expanded in the early republic. #4 The Emancipation Proclamation was an act of military emancipation, grounded in Lincoln’s constitutional authority as commander in chief. It did not immediately end slavery, but it sounded the institution’s death knell.

As in most efforts, the influence of personalities is an important factor, sometimes overlooked. The re-opening of the Pontifical North American College in Rome, and the building of the new College atop the Janiculum Hill, both works soon after the end of hostilities of World War II, are no exceptions. The personalities involved were large: Pope Pius XII; Francis Cardinal Spellman, Archbishop of New York; Dennis Cardinal Dougherty, Archbishop of Philadelphia; Edward Cardinal Mooney, Archbishop of Detroit; Samuel Cardinal Stritch, Archbishop of Chicago; Count Enrico Galeazzi, Papal and College architect; Francesco Silvestri, College lawyer and Bishop Martin J. OConnor, the College Rector. And it is simply my self appointed goal to help set the record straight about Martin J. OConnor and his greatest work as the second founder of the Pontifical North American College.

The Civil War and Reconstruction periods in United States history are widely viewed as a “second founding” of the nation—one that sought to bring the American regime into better alignment with the aspirations articulated at the first founding. Among the figures involved in shaping this new start for the American republic, Lyman Trumbull played an instrumental role. As the chairman of the influential Senate Judiciary Committee, Trumbull advanced the most important legislation of both the Civil War and Reconstruction, including the First and Second Confiscation Acts, the Habeas Corpus Act of 1863, the 1866 Freedmen’s Bureau Act, and the Military Reconstruction Acts. Most significantly, he was the principal author and driver of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery permanently throughout the United States. On the basis of the Thirteenth Amendment, he also authored the Civil Rights Act of 1866, the nation’s first civil rights law, which protected the fundamental rights of all Americans, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Despite being arguably the greatest legislative architect of America’s second founding, Trumbull later turned his back on the Reconstruction that he helped initiate. Worried that Reconstruction was going too far and lasting too long, he eventually embraced a rigid and uncompromising view of states’ rights, rejecting his own previous defense of the national government’s ultimate power and responsibility to secure the privileges and immunities of US citizenship. Paul Rego’s study of Trumbull’s political and constitutional thought is a much-needed exploration of this key figure in Civil War and Reconstruction history. Like the framers of the first founding, Trumbull was complex and contradictory—a symbol of both the nation’s rebirth and its lost promise, as responsible for the period’s disappointments as he was for its triumphs. This is a long overdue book on one of the forgotten framers of the United States. Lyman Trumbull and the Second Founding of the United States examines the political and constitutional thought of Trumbull. Understanding Trumbull is essential to a comprehensive understanding of American political and legal development, especially during the Civil War and Reconstruction.

Elofson traces the transition of the Rockingham Whigs from court-centred supporters of the status quo to proponents of parliamentary reform, illustrating the central role the party played in the evolution of "liberal" philosophy that preceded the massive reform movement in the next century.

"Traces the core conflict of the American republic - the debate between the central government-favoring Federalists and the individual rights-favoring Anti-Federalists - from the 1790s to the present, showing how these two ideological impulses have fueled practically all of the major political debates and contests in U.S. history"--

This essential introduction to American studies examines the core foundational myths upon which the nation is based and which still determine discussions of US-American identities today. These myths include the myth of »discovery,« the Pocahontas myth, the myth of the Promised Land, the myth of the Founding Fathers, the melting pot myth, the myth of the West, and the myth of the self-made man. The chapters provide extended analyses of each of these myths, using examples from popular culture, literature, memorial culture, school books, and every-day life. Including visual material as well as study questions, this book will be of interest to any student of American studies and will foster an understanding of the United States of America as an imagined community by analyzing the foundational role of myths in the process of nation building.

Higher education has changed significantly over the past 50 years, and the individuals who provide leadership for these institutions has similarly changed. The pathway to the college presidency, once the domain of academic administration, has diversified as an increasing number of development officers, student affairs and enrollment management professionals, and even politicians have become common in the role. It is important to understand who the presidents are in the current environment and the challenges they face. Challenges such as dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, enrollment shortfalls, Title IX, and athletic scandals have risen to the forefront and have contributed to the issues and role of college and university leadership. The Handbook of Research on the Changing Role of College and University Leadership provides important research on the topic of college and university leadership, especially focusing on the changing role of the college president. The chapters discuss college leadership as it is now and how it will evolve into the future. Topics included are the role of the president at various types of universities, their involvement within university functions and activities, and the duties they must carry out and challenges they face. This book is ideal for professionals and researchers working in higher education, including faculty members who specialize in education, public administration, the social sciences, and management, along with teachers, administrators, teacher educators, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students who are interested in college and university leadership and how this role is transforming.

"Featuring key scholars of comparative constitutionalism, constitutional theory, and constitutional politics, this book provides a comprehensive, theoretical, comparative, normative, and empirical account of the concept of constitutional identity. It will appeal to scholars, students, jurists, and constitutional drafters alike"--