This book follows the story of the Second French Republic from its idealistic beginnings in February 1848 to its formal replacement in December 1852 by the Second Empire. Based on original archival research, The Second French Republic gives a detailed account of the internal tensions that irrevocably weakened France’s shortest republic. During this short period French political life was buffeted by strong and often contrary forces: universal manhood suffrage, fear of socialism, the President Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, and the political ambitions of the military high command for the restoration of the monarchy.

Providing a series of lively essays which reflect the skills that historians have to master when challenged by problems of evidence, interpretation, and presentation, this important new text covers the topics of France, Germany, Italy, Austria, and Russia, as well as analyzing the themes of political thought, cultural trends, the economy and warfare, international relations and imperialism. Six distinguished scholars, all of whom are regularly involved in student teaching, provide an authoritative student guide to the main contours of nineteenth-century European history when the continent's standing was at its highest and its influence spanned the globe.

In this assessment James McMillan moves away from ideologically-based representations of the man to focus on his use of power. He recognises the Emporer as a highly skilled operator who in the face of innumerable obstacles, attempted to conduct an original policy.

Explore the concept of "City State" in Political Science through this comprehensive guide. "City State" delves into the history and ongoing relevance of city-states, revealing their influence on governance and society. Chapters Highlights: 1: Discover the origins and evolution of city-states and their impact on modern politics. 2: Trace the histories of former sovereign city-states and their integration into larger entities. 3: Investigate independent cities with significant autonomy. 4: Analyze urban secession movements. 5: Compare city-state governance with federal systems. 6: Contrast city-states with unitary states. 7: Examine free states within the city-state context. 8: Explore historic Italian city-states. 9: Study modern European microstates. 10: Investigate secession movements in the U.S. 11: Discuss self-determination in city-states. 12: Explore the pursuit of independence by city-states. 13: Examine secession motivations and methods. 14: Analyze microstates’ characteristics and challenges. 15: Study associated states and their autonomy. 16: Review the history of sovereign state formations. 17: Explore the Free State of Fiume’s unique governance. 18: Examine border changes affecting city-states. 19: Investigate city-states in the German Empire. 20: Reflect on city-states in 1800. 21: Survey separatist movements in Oceania. "City State" is an essential resource for understanding how these entities continue to shape global governance and political discourse.

In the first decade of the twentieth century, the sleepy vineyard towns of the Aude department of southern France exploded with strikes and protests. Agricultural workers joined labor unions, the Socialist party established a base among peasant vinegrowers, and the largest peasant uprising of twentieth-century France, the great vinegrowers' revolt of 1907, shook the entire south with massive demonstrations. In this study, Laura Levine Frader explains how left-wing politics and labor radicalism in the Aude emerged from the economic and social transformation of rural society between 1850 and 1914. She describes the formation of an agricultural wage-earning class, and discusses how socialism and a revolutionary syndicalist labor movement together forged working-class identity. Frader's focus on the making of the rural proletariat takes the study of class formation out of the towns and cities and into the countryside. Frader emphasizes the complexity of social structure and political life in the Aude, describing the interaction of productive relations, the gender division of labor, community solidarities, and class alliances. Her analysis raises questions about the applicability of an urban, industrial model of class formation to rural society. This study will be of interest to French social historians, agricultural historians, and those interested in the relationship between capitalism, class formation, and labor militancy.

The book in two volumes describes the evolution of Judeo Christianity and Islam and 1,300 years of warfare between them. Islam and Christianity follow gods with different characteristics and differing doctrinesfree will vs. determinism. They were engaged in bloody conflict from 632 AD until 1856 (Crimean War) when the Ottoman Empire became the sick man of Europe. It reignited with Egyptian encouragement backed by Soviet money, the arming of Fedayeen terrorists in 1956, and the Six-Day War following Egypts seizure of the Suez Canal, and has become progressively more serious ever since.

The fifth volume of the collected letters of Margaret Fuller traces a period of great emotional turbulence, reflecting the personal struggles she faced in motherhood and the external strife of revolutionary Europe in 1848. The book opens as she takes up residence in Rome, where she continued to write essays for the New-York Daily Tribune and kept up a steady flow of commentary on the political situation for her family and friends. Among Fuller's correspondents are Ralph Waldo Emerson, Giovanni Ossoli, William Wetmore Story, Giuseppe Mazzini, Horace Greeley, George William Curtis, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Many of the letters were written in Italian and are translated here for the first time. Since Fuller was more centrally involved in the Italian Risorgimento than any other American, they constitute an entirely new documentary source for historians of nineteenth-century Italy.