Written from the perspective of the Average Adjuster, and updated to include a detailed analysis of the new rules adopted in 2016, this book is an essential read for practitioners in maritime law and marine insurance. The book contains: historical references regarding the establishment of General Average from Roman Law onwards; details of the establishment of International rules to achieve uniformity in the adjustment of General Average and their development: the Glasgow Resolutions of 1860; the York rules of 1864; and the York-Antwerp Rules 1877, 1890, 1924, 1950, 1974, 1994, 2004 and 2016; a detailed analysis of the York-Antwerp Rules 2016; CMI Guidelines relating to General Average; general average security; general average absorption clauses; and new to this edition: insurance of average disbursements.

Written from the perspective of the Average Adjuster, this book is an essential read for practitioners in maritime law and marine insurance. The book contains: • Historical references regarding the establishment of GeneralAverage from Roman Law onwards • Establishment of the International rules: • The Glasgow Resolution 1860 • The York rules of 1864 • The York-Antwerp Rules 1877, 1890, 1924, 1950, 1974 & 1994 • The variation and changes to the text in 2004 but only those which had a significant effect • Why the 2004 changes were not universally adopted; and • General average security.

This text follows the order of the York-Antwerp Rules which govern the vast majority of the case law, with the relevant common law principles being dealt with in relation to each rule.

General average is considered to be one of the most uniformly regulated topics of maritime law. This study concludes that this perception is flawed. The invariably applicable York-Antwerp Rules do not provide a full regime, whereas their applicability is generally contractual only. As a result, questions arise as to which law applies to general average obligations, how the applicable national law is to be determined (taking into consideration the impact of the European Rome I and II Regulations), and what is provided in the national regimes. In addition, questions arise as to what the influence is of contractual provisions set out in contracts for the carriage of goods by sea and general average security forms, and how the various sources interact. This study contains an in depth assessment of these questions.

This handbook explains and clarifies the principles and practice of general average adjustment in accordance with the York-Antwerp Rules. This edition has been updated and expanded to incorporate an analysis of the latest version of the rules, the York-Antwerp Rules 1994.