Describing the history and state-of-the-art of the thermo-hydrous manipulation of wood, this book provides either a desk reference or a field manual of wood science. It examines the polymeric components of wood and its multilevel hierarchical structure that confer its unique general-purpose character and faculty for transformation. Exceeding all other material in its capacity to deform under controlled conditions and for a proscribed outcome, wood, under thermo-hydrous conditions, permits a multitude of industrial processes. Discussing the processes at work and the industrial applications, this book is a must for all interested in the manipulation of wood.

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in April 2010 has shown us that increasing risks and costs have to be accepted to satisfy the increasing demand of material and energy resources from a worldwide perspective. Increasing the recovery of raw materials is one possibility, but another one is increasing efficiency in processing and production. Therefore, the development and improvement of processing technologies is a crucial factor for economic progression. This book contains discussions from the 1st International Conference on Processing Technologies for the Forest and Biobased Products Industries, held in October 2010 at Salzburg University of Applied Sciences Kuchl/Austria. The conference provided a forum for discussions among researchers, producers, and consumers of forest and biobased products and acted as a catalyst for new research on process technologies, on quality control and process improvement, and on new concepts for use by technical managers, operations managers, and business managers. The book presents an overview of new developments in processing technologies in the forest and biobased products industries. (Series: Austria: Forschung und Wissenschaft - Technik)

Describing the history and state-of-the-art of the thermo-hydrous manipulation of wood, this book provides either a desk reference or a field manual of wood science. It examines the polymeric components of wood and its multilevel hierarchical structure that confer its unique general-purpose character and faculty for transformation. Exceeding all ot

Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 25th International Baltic Conference of Engineering Materials and Tribology – BALTMATTRIB, November 3-4, 2016, Riga, Latvia

This book is exclusively concerned with wood modification, although many of these processes are generic and can be applied to other lignocellulosic materials. There have been many rapid developments in wood modification over the past decade and, in particular, there has been considerable progress made in the commercialisation of technologies. Topics covered include: The use of timber in the 21st century Modifying the properties of wood Chemical modification of wood: Acetic Anhydride Modification and reaction with other chemicals Thermal modification of wood Surface modification Impregnation modification Commercialisation of wood modification Environmental consideration and future developments This is the first time that a book has covered all wood modification technologies in one text. Although the book covers the main research developments in wood modification, it also puts wood modification into context and additionally deals with aspects of commercialisation and environmental impact. This book is very timely, because wood modification is undergoing huge developments at the present time, driven in part by environmental concerns regarding the use of wood treated with certain preservatives. There has been considerable commercial interest shown in wood modification over the past decade, with products based upon thermal modification, and furfurylation now being actively being marketed. The next few years will see the commercialisation of acetylation and impregnation modification. This is a new industry, but one that has enormous potential. This book will prove useful to all those with an interest in wood modification including researchers, technologists and professionals working in wood science and timber engineering, wood preservation, and well as professionals in the paper and pulp industries, and those with an interest in the development of renewable materials.

Computational Geomechanics: introduces the full theory of dynamic and static behaviour of porous media and shows how computation can predict the deformations of a structure, subject to an earthquake or consolidation. introduces the use of numerical, finite element procedures for soil and rock mechanics problems which has increased rapidly throughout the last decade. provides a comprehensive survey of major, constitutive models, which can simulate soil behaviour rationally. explains practical procedures based on computational experience for real projects with particular emphasis on earthquake engineering. Static problems which occupy a particular area of dynamics can also be solved by identical methods, making the book relevant to all researchers and engineers concerned with geomechanics. Earthquake Engineering is stressed throughout as it is in this field that the most difficult examples arise; however, other applications are also noted.