格热戈日·科沃德科首创“中国主义”的概念。他指出，“中国主义”是国家力量和市场力量独一无二的结合，前者通过政府和远见卓识的领导人进行宏观调控，后者通过市场经济无形的手予以推动调节。在这两方面的协同作用下，加上任人唯贤的原则，促使理性的人以理性的方式做出理性的决策，从而使中国实现了历史性的飞跃。 本书首先概述了新实用主义的精髓，而后从决定因素和对其他国家以及世界经济的影响两个角度解读中国的发展进程。作者认为，“中国主义”自成一体，是一种以生产资料多种所有制形式为基础的混合经济体，这种混合经济体系与一个本质上基于精英管理的集权国家相伴而生。国家实施的政策是有能力且负责任的，同时，以实现长期战略目标为导向，中期目标和近期目标从属于长期战略目标。基于以上分析，作者大胆预测——世界的将来会越来越取决于中国的未来。作者在书中还分析了中国在21世纪20年代以及未来十年里将面临的发展挑战：虽然中国已经取得了巨大的发展成就，但是在缩小收入差距和增强社会凝聚力，以及环境保护和发展绿色经济问题上，还有很长的路要走。 Grzegorz W. Kolodko proposed Chinism firstly，which is a unique combination of the power of the state, with the visible hand, and the market, with the invisible hand. The synergy of these two super-regulators of the economy, society and polity, combined with meritocracy, when rational people make rational decisions in a rational way, made a historical leap of civilization possible. The author begins this book with a concise overview of the essence of New Pragmatism, and then, from the perspectives of its determinants and the consequences and implications for other countries and for the world economy to assess China’s development process.He regards that Chinism is a syncretic economic system based on multiple forms of ownership of means of production, coming hand in hand with centralised power essentially based on meritocracy. The policy implemented by the state is competent and responsible. At the same time, it is oriented to fulfilling long-term strategic goals, to which medium-term and immediate goals are subordinated.Therefore, the author shares his prediction on the world economy: World’s future will increasingly depend on China’s future.Writing about the future, the author naturally refers to the development challenges that China will face in the decade of 2020s and beyond：China has already achieved a lot in its sustainable development, but there is still much to be done, especially in terms of reducing income inequalities and enhancing social cohesion, as well as environmental protection and creating a green economy.

This book is about mutual influences of thinking about economic development in China and in the West, from the 18th century until the present. Its chapters are contributed by development economists and historians of thought from China and other parts of the world. The book describes important stages in the evolution, cross-fertilization and contextual modification of ideas about economic order, development and institutional change. It illustrates how Western concepts and theories have been adopted and adapted to Chinese conditions in different waves of modernization from the late 19th century until the present and that this was and is no one-way traffic. The book examines to what extent pre-classical thinking in the West, in particular French Physiocracy in mid-18th century, was influenced by China as an ideal and a source of ideas, at a time when China was the largest and most advanced economy in the world. It discusses to what extent different approaches of modern Western-style economics, in particular in the fields of development economics and institutional economics, can be used to understand the rapid transitions and developments of the Chinese economy in recent decades, and to what extent they need to be modified in the light of new experiences and insights. Against this background, several contributions to the volume provide assessments of the current state of economic science and teaching in China, in particular with regard to Chinese views on Western economics. The book should be of interest to those who are interested in the economic history of China.

As the second volume of a two-volume set on the Chinese economic history, this book investigates Chinese economic development since 1949, uncovering the momentum, unique models, and general laws of economy in China. From the perspective of development economics, the two-volume set studies the economic history and development of China since 1912, with a focus on the quantitative analysis of economic activities. This volume describes the historical process and characteristics of the economy since 1949, then looks into the momentum and inner logic that underpin the economic development. The former part covers issues of agriculture, industry, population and labor force, urbanization and mobility, income distribution and poverty, and price changes. The latter part includes analyses on the capital formation, human resources, technological progress, institutions, macro policies, international trade, and direct investment. This title will interest scholars and students working on Chinese economic history, the Chinese economy, and modern Chinese society.

When the Chinese economic reforms began in 1978, Marxist economics infused all the institutions of economic theory in China, from academic departments and economics journals to government departments and economic think tanks. By the year 2000, neoclassical economics dominated these institutions and organized most economic discussion. This book explains how and why neoclassical economic theory replaced Marxist economic theory as the dominant economics paradigm in China. It rejects the idea that the rise of neoclassical theory was a triumph of reason over ideology, and instead, using a sociology of knowledge approach, links the rise of neoclassical economics to broad ideological currents and to the political-economic projects that key social groups inside and outside China wanted to enable. The book concludes with a discussion of the nature of economic theory and economics education in China today.

As the first volume of a two-volume set on Chinese economic history, this book investigates Chinese economic development between 1912 and 1949 and unravels the overall level during that time. From the perspective of development economics, the two-volume set studies the economic history and development of China since 1912, with a focus on the quantitative analysis of economic activities. Comprised of two core parts, this first volume, centering on the period of the Republic of China, first describes the historical process and characteristics of the economy at different stages and then looks into the momentum and inner logic that underpin the economic development. The former part covers issues of agriculture, industry, population, and labour force, urbanization, price changes, people’s consumption and living standard, regional difference, etc. The latter part includes discussions on natural and human resources, capital formation and technological progress, the role of government and finance, international trade, and foreign capital. This title will be an interesting read for scholars and students working on Chinese economic history, the Chinese economy, and modern Chinese society.

This book aims to explain the secret to China’s rapid growth over the last 40 years from the viewpoint of a firsthand witness. Zheng Xinli was enrolled as a graduate student of economics 40 years ago, at a time when very few Chinese people could enroll in higher-level education, let alone graduate school. Since 1978, he has been engaged in the study of macroeconomic theory and economic policy. He has worked with the economic group of the Research Section of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Information Center, and the Policy Research Office of the State Planning Commission, as well as other organizations. His work serves to help Chinese leaders in making economic decisions. In 2013, Zheng Xinli appeared on the list of China’s Top Ten Economists. With the addition of several up-to-date articles, this book is mainly a condensed version of a 16-volume collection of essays selected from among the more-than-500 articles published by Zheng between 1981 and 2016. Addressing some of the major issues in China, namely, Reform and Development, Development Patterns, Macro Regulation, Balanced Urban and Rural Development, Innovation, and Industry Revitalization, the book, as Zheng himself puts it, visualizes the birth process of different policies and measures which have catered to the different stages of reform. As an insider, and also partly as a designer and architect, Zheng Xinli provides readers with a view of China’s reform from the top.

This book, together with Macro-control and Economic Development in China is a collection of papers written in recent years about maintaining economic growth, managing inflation, the relationship between growth and structural adjustment, control of price growth, maintaining stable economic development, and other relevant aspects of macro-control, economic development, and deepening reform. Chinese government adopts many of the recommendations put forward by the book.

The Routledge Handbook of the History of Global Economic Thought offers the first comprehensive overview of the long-run history of economic thought from a truly international perspective. Although globalization has facilitated the spread of ideas between nations, the history of economics has tended to be studied either thematically (by topic), in terms of different currents of thought, or individually (by economist). Work has been published in the past on the economic thought traditions of specific countries, but this pioneering volume is unique in offering a wide-ranging comparative account of the development of economic ideas and philosophies on the international stage. The volume brings together leading experts on the development of economic ideas from across the world in order to offer a truly international comparison of the economics within nation-states. Each author presents a long-term perspective on economics in their region, allowing global patterns in the progress of economic ideas over time to be identified. The specially commissioned chapters cover the vast sweep of the history of economics across five world regions, including Europe (England, Scotland, Ireland, Italy Greece, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Sweden, Russia and the Ukraine), the Americas (the USA, Canada, Mexico and Central America, Spanish-Speaking South America, Brazil and the Caribbean), the Middle East (Turkey, Israel, Arab-Islamic Economics, Persia/Iran, North Africa), Africa (West Africa, Southern Africa, Mozambique and Angola), and the Asia-Pacific Region (Australia and New Zealand, China, Southeast Asia, the Asian Tigers, India.) This rigorous, ambitious and highly scholarly volume will be of key interest to students, academics, policy professionals and to interested general readers across the globe.

'This is an unusually rich and comprehensive comparative analysis of industrialisation and development in Asia. Drawing on the diverse experiences of Malaysia, Singapore, China, India and more, Roy, Blomqvist and Clark skilfully tease out the common institutional threads and the subtle differences in their developmental trajectories. An essential reading for all those interested in the lessons from Asian development.' – Jude Howell, London School of Economics, UK This is a thorough and comprehensive study – both in terms of country coverage and in-depth analysis – covering the economic development of all the major economies in the Asian continent, namely China, India, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore. Before embarking on analyses of different aspects of economic growth and development of these countries, the authors present a thought-provoking analysis of how institutional factors such as geography, history of religion, culture and political governance have been deeply interwoven with development dynamics to shape the growth and development trajectory that each country has subsequently followed. Each country's development path consequently appeared almost be pre-determined. Japan's role as the lead-country in technology transfer under the flying-geese pattern of development is discussed, however the emphasis has shifted of late to China, India, Korea, Malaysia and Singapore. the authors also propose that instead of discussing the failure of India to catch up with China in growth and development outcomes, economists should be commenting on whether China, bestowed with India's highly decentralized democratic governance structure and institutional rigidities, would have been able to achieve the same results as that of India. Only then will a true understanding and appreciation of India's achievements in economic growth and development emerge. Economic Development in China, India and East Asia will be warmly welcomed and appreciated by academics and researchers of international and development economics as well as Asian development and economics. Policy makers and those involved in NGOs in the development and aid arenas will also find this of great interest.